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I spent a couple hours over the course of a few days to completely organize the utility room and my tools as much as possible. To the extent of sorting every individual screw, and hanging all my tools on the wall so I never forget where they are.
The bottom is my favorite part - a swath of unused wall that would never ever serve any purpose. Now it does. It's also nice when I still have the original packaging for things I rarely use, like my desoldering iron and crescent/basin wrench. (If I find random things, I use smaller nails, since they're less permanent -- like the extra lint traps we accidentally bought.)
(See note.) I also hung up the vice that I made myself (poured the metal into a cast and everything) in 7th grade in Industrial Arts (shop). And then I ended up finally using it for it's intended purpose for the first time in 22 years, simply because of a combination of factors: 1) I now knew where all my tools were, and 2) Using wood glue, and not realizing you had to clamp what you glued, I was given the chance to wonder, "How do I clamp this?" Voila!
Kwik Seal caulk, box cutters, clamps, desoldering iron, glue, hex wrenches, hot glue gun, light bulbs, lint traps, litter box, mineral spirits, notebook, outlet tester, paint brushes, pliers, putty knife, rubber wrench, sharpener, soldering iron, spackle, staple gun, tacks, wire brush.
utility room, Clint and Carolyn's house, Alexandria, Virginia.
November 21, 2008.
... Read my blog at ClintJCL.wordpress.com
... Read Carolyn's blog at CarolynCASL.wordpress.com
D5200
AF-S 55-300mm VR @ 200mm
SB-700 @ TTL + Westcott Micro Apollo
Aperture Priority @ ƒ/7.1 (1/60 sec)
ISO 100
Matrix Meter @ EV -1
Flash EV +1
Capture NX2 (NEF conversion)
Nik Tonal Contrast
Nik Silver Efex2
Nik Sharpener 3
I met Moriah today. She was such a sport. It was freezing out at the park, but she kept offering to do more shots.
I got on one of those moods tonight while editing. I started playing with the Nik filters and some selective color.
Find her on Model Mayhem #2919199
...on my desk. I have some with bright white backgrounds, but I preferred this one when I was deciding on what to upload - its perhaps not as surgical as the others.
Small EDC collection of Kershaw,SOG, Benchmade, Buck, Microtech. The first three were sharpened on my Wicked Edge Precision Sharpener, you can tell by the perfectly even mirror polished bevel.
11sec Exposure
I was arranging store displays the other day and suddenly realized we had been selling these different versions of Boston sharpeners over the years. They are all out of stock now, what's remaining in store are now for display only. Except for Dulton's sharpener (second from the left in this picture) which we only have a few pieces left. According to Dulton in Japan, they also stop producing this mechanical sharpener too.
Boston Pencil Sharpener Company was founded in 1899, acquired by Hunt Manufacturing Company in 1925, X-Acto bought Hunt's Boston sharpener line, Elmer's bought X-Acto. Today if you want to get a relatively low priced, metal, hand-cranked planetary Boston style sharpener, you can still get a new one from X-ACTO either in desk or vacuum mount. Although these X-ACTO branded sharpeners have their origins from the original Boston Pencil Sharpener Company, they are now made in China and the charisma is almost all gone.
Some retailers like Blick may still have old stocks of Boston sharpeners but it won't last long, they will soon be eBay items. I would recommend to get one now while you still can. Have money to spare for luxury desk accessories? Try El Caso sharpeners from Spain.
Talking about mount, even though Dulton's sharpener is strong like a brick, the butterfly screw mount is its weakest point, you can't sharpen a pencil without holding the body. Perhaps that's the reason why Dulton is discontinuing it. It could be such a great product if it were vacuum mounted for desk use.
Of these sharpeners, Boston Ranger 55 (the black one in picture) is the most durable, heavy-duty and virtually indestructible, it is like a single piece of metal casted right from the factory furnace. While I like the steadiness of a self feeder, adjustable pencil guide is more like a classic to me.
The death of Boston Pencil Sharpener Company's classic happened slowly over a hundred year. The sad thing is the disappearing of its name which once touched so many people's life especially in America. Elmer's should immortalize the Boston brand instead of burying it's dignity in its ever growing brand list. Worse, check out the "Visit Site" link of Boston under Elmer's web site, you will be directed to www.bostonschoolpro.com/, an under-construction site with several pop up windows of Chinese online game advertisements. I feel so sorry about this and I've emailed to Elmer's a moment ago for this.
If you are into the history of mechanical sharpeners, Early Office Museum has great coverage and collection of photos for sharpeners dated as early as 1860.
More on Scription blog: moleskine.vox.com/library/post/death-of-a-brand---boston-...
We’re Here! - Mechanical Abstraction
The theme was an abstraction!
On viewing ant-o-rama's beautiful photo all weekend chores were ignored for the childhood pencil sharpener search. It was a used sharpener Dad had brought home many moons ago. I fell into the office equipment history rabbit hole and learned it was build in 1959.
It still works too!
Jake Brunott sharpens figure skates for amateur and professional skaters alike. His busy shop in Thornhill services not only club skaters but also Olympic athletes. One of his clients , Spain's Javier Fernandes, a European champion, was the flag bearer for Spain at the Sochi opening ceremonies. His father, Rene Brunott, who started the business, was European Dance Champion (with Hennie Grifhorst) in 1947!
Jake has sharpened my speedskates for years. For more pictures visit:
Small pencil sharpeners, approx. 44mm. The two gold ones are marked 'Germany', the green one with Mintex Halo BBA pressed into the top is marked 'Foreign' but they are almost certainly from the same source. The one on the left has several differences, doors and radiator being the most obvious, so the casting was reworked or replaced at some point.
A great way of sharpening those pins & needles! For a wee tutorial, click here: listentothebirdssing.blogspot.com/p/tutorials.html
Back in April I bought some pencil sharpeners that looked like 1/6th objects (www.flickr.com/photos/kd_230692/13816422624/) and I finally returned to that store today (it’s near my bf’s but I rarely go out there so yea). Most of the pencil sharpeners were sold and the rest were missing their boxes so I bought the only other 1/6th ish item (the other two were a train and a weird bell) which was this 1940s looking fan. The blades can turn with the knob on the back so that’s fun.
Point is today's topic for the Our Daily Challenge group.
One needs a sharp point on a pencil – but I usually use a knife to sharpen mine.
...sparks fly on the streets of a small town in northern Rajasthan, India
see everyday life in this town 'One small town in Rajasthan'
© Handheld Films 2018
To round off the school's 'story telling week', this weekend's homework was for the parents, not the children. We were given three levels of challenge, from reading a story to our children, through telling them a story from our own childhood, to making up a story for them. I couldn't resist the challenge, and decided that I was going to make a book. The story began to come together as I lay in bed last night, I wrote it out this morning, and then spent much of the afternoon formatting, printing and then illustrating the story. I'm actually so pleased with how it has turned out, that I think it's too nice to let the children take into school (I've printed off the text for them to hand in as the homework). It's a story about a family of spiders (coincidentally with very familiar names), a Mummy spider who likes crocheting colourful webs, a family adventure, some maths problems sneaked in and a happy ending featuring familiar friends. Really fun to work on, and I honestly believe that I've created something that they will always treasure.
Some of you know that I care a lot about the care and condition of my cooking knife. For a long while I have been intrigued by the men who make a profession out of sharpening knives. When I lived in Arcata, the knife sharpener was also the 'joke man'. In San Francisco there is a man with a wooden shack on the back on his truck. He plugs his sharpening wheel into a generator.
Here in Montevideo this is the knife sharpener. He plays a little whistle as he slowly rolls down the street (I think it might be a tuning whistle to the note of A). He looks up to the apartments and people flag him down. He stops. Put ups his kickstand. Slips the leather strap over the now elevated back tire, and takes a seat on the second seat which is near the handlebars (facing 'backward'). He then pedals (backwards again) and sharpens your knife for about two bucks. Scissors cost about three.
Metal pencil sharpeners have a steel blade but the body is made of magnesium. Magnesium is a chemical element with the symbol Mg and atomic number 12. The shiny white metal oxidises on exposure to the air, as can be seen here. I set one alight once – they burn very well
The Our Daily Challenge group has chosen The elements as today's topic.
Stuck for an idea for your daily 365 photo? Join the Our Daily Challenge group for inspiration.
Mumbai (/mʊmˈbaɪ/; also known as Bombay, the official name until 1995) is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India and the ninth most populous agglomeration in the world, with an estimated city population of 18.4 million. Along with the neighbouring regions of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region, it is one of the most populous urban regions in the world and the seсond most populous metropolitan area in India, with a population of 20.7 million as of 2011. Mumbai lies on the west coast of India and has a deep natural harbour. In 2009, Mumbai was named an alpha world city. It is also the wealthiest city in India, and has the highest GDP of any city in South, West, or Central Asia. Mumbai has the highest number of billionaires and millionaires among all cities in India.The seven islands that came to constitute Mumbai were home to communities of fishing colonies. For centuries, the islands were under the control of successive indigenous empires before being ceded to the Portuguese and subsequently to the British East India Company when in 1661 King Charles II married the Portuguese Catherine of Braganza, and as part of her dowry Charles received the ports of Tangier and seven islands of Bombay. During the mid-18th century, Bombay was reshaped by the Hornby Vellard project, which undertook reclamation of the area between the seven islands from the sea. Along with construction of major roads and railways, the reclamation project, completed in 1845, transformed Bombay into a major seaport on the Arabian Sea. Bombay in the 19th century was characterized by economic and educational development. During the early 20th century it became a strong base for the Indian independence movement. Upon India's independence in 1947 the city was incorporated into Bombay State. In 1960, following the Samyukta Maharashtra movement, a new state of Maharashtra was created with Bombay as the capital.Mumbai is the financial, commercial and entertainment capital of India. It is also one of the world's top ten centres of commerce in terms of global financial flow, generating 6.16% of India's GDP and accounting for 25% of industrial output, 70% of maritime trade in India (Mumbai Port Trust and JNPT), and 70% of capital transactions to India's economy. The city houses important financial institutions such as the Reserve Bank of India, the Bombay Stock Exchange, the National Stock Exchange of India, the SEBI and the corporate headquarters of numerous Indian companies and multinational corporations. It is also home to some of India's premier scientific and nuclear institutes like BARC, NPCL, IREL, TIFR, AERB, AECI, and the Department of Atomic Energy. The city also houses India's Hindi (Bollywood) and Marathi film and television industry. Mumbai's business opportunities, as well as its potential to offer a higher standard of living, attract migrants from all over India, making the city a melting pot of many communities and cultures.
ETYMOLOGY
The name Mumbai is derived from Mumbā or Mahā-Ambā—the name of the patron goddess (Kuladevi) Mumbadevi of the native Agri, Koli and Somvanshi Kshatriya communities - and ā'ī meaning "mother" in the Marathi language, which is the mother tongue of the kolis and the official language of Maharashtra.
The oldest known names for the city are Kakamuchee and Galajunkja; these are sometimes still used. Ali Muhammad Khan, in the Mirat-i-Ahmedi (1507) referred to the city as Manbai. In 1508, Portuguese writer Gaspar Correia used the name Bombaim, in his Lendas da Índia ("Legends of India"). This name possibly originated as the Old Portuguese phrase bom baim, meaning "good little bay", and Bombaim is still commonly used in Portuguese. In 1516, Portuguese explorer Duarte Barbosa used the name Tana-Maiambu: Tana appears to refer to the adjoining town of Thane and Maiambu to Mumbadevi.
Other variations recorded in the 16th and the 17th centuries include: Mombayn (1525), Bombay (1538), Bombain (1552), Bombaym (1552), Monbaym (1554), Mombaim (1563), Mombaym (1644), Bambaye (1666), Bombaiim (1666), Bombeye (1676), Boon Bay (1690), and Bon Bahia. After the British gained possession of the city in the 17th century, the Portuguese name was officially anglicised as Bombay.
By the late 20th century, the city was referred to as Mumbai or Mambai in the Indian statewise official languages of Marathi, Konkani, Gujarati, Kannada and Sindhi, and as Bambai in Hindi. The English name was officially changed to Mumbai in November 1995. This came at the insistence of the Marathi nationalist Shiv Sena party that had just won the Maharashtra state elections and mirrored similar name changes across the country and particularly in Maharashtra. According to Slate, "they argued that 'Bombay' was a corrupted English version of 'Mumbai' and an unwanted legacy of British colonial rule." Slate also said "The push to rename Bombay was part of a larger movement to strengthen Marathi identity in the Maharashtra region." While the city is still referred to as Bombay by some of its residents and Indians from other regions, mention of the city by a name other than Mumbai has been controversial, resulting in emotional outbursts sometimes of a violently political nature.
A resident of Mumbai is called mumbaikar; in Marathi language the suffix kar has a meaning resident of. The term has been in use for quite some time but it gained popularity after the official name change to Mumbai.
EARLY HISTORY
Mumbai is built on what was once an archipelago of seven islands: Bombay Island, Parel, Mazagaon, Mahim, Colaba, Worli, and Old Woman's Island (also known as Little Colaba). It is not exactly known when these islands were first inhabited. Pleistocene sediments found along the coastal areas around Kandivali in northern Mumbai suggest that the islands were inhabited since the Stone Age. Perhaps at the beginning of the Common era (2,000 years ago), or possibly earlier, they came to be occupied by the Koli fishing community.
In the third century BCE, the islands formed part of the Maurya Empire, during its expansion in the south, ruled by the Buddhist emperor, Ashoka of Magadha. The Kanheri Caves in Borivali were excavated in the mid-third century BCE, and served as an important centre of Buddhism in Western India during ancient Times. The city then was known as Heptanesia (Ancient Greek: A Cluster of Seven Islands) to the Greek geographer Ptolemy in 150 CE. The Mahakali Caves in Andheri were built between the 1st century BCE and the 6th century CE.
Between the second century BCE and ninth century CE, the islands came under the control of successive indigenous dynasties: Satavahanas, Western Kshatrapas, Abhiras, Vakatakas, Kalachuris, Konkan Mauryas, Chalukyas and Rashtrakutas, before being ruled by the Silhara dynasty from 810 to 1260. Some of the oldest edifices in the city built during this period are, Jogeshwari Caves (between 520 and 525), Elephanta Caves (between the sixth to seventh century), Walkeshwar Temple (10th century), and Banganga Tank (12th century).
King Bhimdev founded his kingdom in the region in the late 13th century and established his capital in Mahikawati (present day Mahim). The Pathare Prabhus, among the earliest known settlers of the city, were brought to Mahikawati from Saurashtra in Gujarat around 1298 by Bhimdev. The Delhi Sultanate annexed the islands in 1347–48 and controlled it until 1407. During this time, the islands were administered by the Muslim Governors of Gujarat, who were appointed by the Delhi Sultanate.
The islands were later governed by the independent Gujarat Sultanate, which was established in 1407. The Sultanate's patronage led to the construction of many mosques, prominent being the Haji Ali Dargah in Worli, built in honour of the Muslim saint Haji Ali in 1431. From 1429 to 1431, the islands were a source of contention between the Gujarat Sultanate and the Bahamani Sultanate of Deccan. In 1493, Bahadur Khan Gilani of the Bahamani Sultanate attempted to conquer the islands but was defeated.
PORTUGUESE AND BRITISH RULE
The Mughal Empire, founded in 1526, was the dominant power in the Indian subcontinent during the mid-16th century. Growing apprehensive of the power of the Mughal emperor Humayun, Sultan Bahadur Shah of the Gujarat Sultanate was obliged to sign the Treaty of Bassein with the Portuguese Empire on 23 December 1534. According to the treaty, the seven islands of Bombay, the nearby strategic town of Bassein and its dependencies were offered to the Portuguese. The territories were later surrendered on 25 October 1535.
The Portuguese were actively involved in the foundation and growth of their Roman Catholic religious orders in Bombay. They called the islands by various names, which finally took the written form Bombaim. The islands were leased to several Portuguese officers during their regime. The Portuguese Franciscans and Jesuits built several churches in the city, prominent being the St. Michael's Church at Mahim (1534), St. John the Baptist Church at Andheri (1579), St. Andrew's Church at Bandra (1580), and Gloria Church at Byculla (1632). The Portuguese also built several fortifications around the city like the Bombay Castle, Castella de Aguada (Castelo da Aguada or Bandra Fort), and Madh Fort. The English were in constant struggle with the Portuguese vying for hegemony over Bombay, as they recognized its strategic natural harbour and its natural isolation from land-attacks. By the middle of the 17th century the growing power of the Dutch Empire forced the English to acquire a station in western India. On 11 May 1661, the marriage treaty of Charles II of England and Catherine of Braganza, daughter of King John IV of Portugal, placed the islands in possession of the English Empire, as part of Catherine's dowry to Charles. However, Salsette, Bassein, Mazagaon, Parel, Worli, Sion, Dharavi, and Wadala still remained under Portuguese possession. From 1665 to 1666, the English managed to acquire Mahim, Sion, Dharavi, and Wadala.
In accordance with the Royal Charter of 27 March 1668, England leased these islands to the English East India Company in 1668 for a sum of £10 per annum. The population quickly rose from 10,000 in 1661, to 60,000 in 1675. The islands were subsequently attacked by Yakut Khan, the Siddi admiral of the Mughal Empire, in October 1672, Rickloffe van Goen, the Governor-General of Dutch India on 20 February 1673, and Siddi admiral Sambal on 10 October 1673.In 1687, the English East India Company transferred its headquarters from Surat to Bombay. The city eventually became the headquarters of the Bombay Presidency. Following the transfer, Bombay was placed at the head of all the Company's establishments in India. Towards the end of the 17th century, the islands again suffered incursions from Yakut Khan in 1689–90. The Portuguese presence ended in Bombay when the Marathas under Peshwa Baji Rao I captured Salsette in 1737, and Bassein in 1739. By the middle of the 18th century, Bombay began to grow into a major trading town, and received a huge influx of migrants from across India. Later, the British occupied Salsette on 28 December 1774. With the Treaty of Surat (1775), the British formally gained control of Salsette and Bassein, resulting in the First Anglo-Maratha War. The British were able to secure Salsette from the Marathas without violence through the Treaty of Purandar (1776), and later through the Treaty of Salbai (1782), signed to settle the outcome of the First Anglo-Maratha War.
From 1782 onwards, the city was reshaped with large-scale civil engineering projects aimed at merging all the seven islands into a single amalgamated mass. This project, known as Hornby Vellard, was completed by 1784. In 1817, the British East India Company under Mountstuart Elphinstone defeated Baji Rao II, the last of the Maratha Peshwa in the Battle of Khadki. Following his defeat, almost the whole of the Deccan came under British suzerainty, and was incorporated into the Bombay Presidency. The success of the British campaign in the Deccan marked the liberation of Bombay from all attacks by native powers.
By 1845, the seven islands coalesced into a single landmass by the Hornby Vellard project via large scale land reclamation. On 16 April 1853, India's first passenger railway line was established, connecting Bombay to the neighbouring town of Thana (now Thane). During the American Civil War (1861–1865), the city became the world's chief cotton-trading market, resulting in a boom in the economy that subsequently enhanced the city's stature.
The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 transformed Bombay into one of the largest seaports on the Arabian Sea. In September 1896, Bombay was hit by a bubonic plague epidemic where the death toll was estimated at 1,900 people per week. About 850,000 people fled Bombay and the textile industry was adversely affected. As the capital of the Bombay Presidency, the city witnessed the Indian independence movement, with the Quit India Movement in 1942 and The Royal Indian Navy Mutiny in 1946 being its most notable events.
INDEPENDENT INDIA
After India's independence in 1947, the territory of the Bombay Presidency retained by India was restructured into Bombay State. The area of Bombay State increased, after several erstwhile princely states that joined the Indian union were integrated into the state. Subsequently, the city became the capital of Bombay State. On April 1950, Municipal limits of Bombay were expanded by merging the Bombay Suburban District and Bombay City to form the Greater Bombay Municipal Corporation.
The Samyukta Maharashtra movement to create a separate Maharashtra state including Bombay was at its height in the 1950s. In the Lok Sabha discussions in 1955, the Congress party demanded that the city be constituted as an autonomous city-state. The States Reorganisation Committee recommended a bilingual state for Maharashtra–Gujarat with Bombay as its capital in its 1955 report. Bombay Citizens' Committee, an advocacy group of leading Gujarati industrialists lobbied for Bombay's independent status.
Following protests during the movement in which 105 people lost their lives in clashes with the police, Bombay State was reorganised on linguistic lines on 1 May 1960. Gujarati-speaking areas of Bombay State were partitioned into the state of Gujarat. Maharashtra State with Bombay as its capital was formed with the merger of Marathi-speaking areas of Bombay State, eight districts from Central Provinces and Berar, five districts from Hyderabad State, and numerous princely states enclosed between them. As a memorial to the martyrs of the Samyukta Maharashtra movement, Flora Fountain was renamed as Hutatma Chowk (Martyr's Square), and a memorial was erected.
The following decades saw massive expansion of the city and its suburbs. In the late 1960s, Nariman Point and Cuffe Parade were reclaimed and developed. The Bombay Metropolitan Region Development Authority (BMRDA) was established on 26 January 1975 by the Government of Maharashtra as an apex body for planning and co-ordination of development activities in the Bombay metropolitan region. In August 1979, a sister township of New Bombay was founded by the City and Industrial Development Corporation (CIDCO) across the Thane and Raigad districts to help the dispersal and control of Bombay's population. The textile industry in Bombay largely disappeared after the widespread 1982 Great Bombay Textile Strike, in which nearly 250,000 workers in more than 50 textile mills went on strike. Mumbai's defunct cotton mills have since become the focus of intense redevelopment.
The Jawaharlal Nehru Port, which currently handles 55–60% of India's containerised cargo, was commissioned on 26 May 1989 across the creek at Nhava Sheva with a view to de-congest Bombay Harbour and to serve as a hub port for the city. The geographical limits of Greater Bombay were coextensive with municipal limits of Greater Bombay. On 1 October 1990, the Greater Bombay district was bifurcated to form two revenue districts namely, Bombay City and Bombay Suburban, though they continued to be administered by same Municipal Administration.
From 1990 to 2010, there has been an increase in violence in the hitherto largely peaceful city. Following the demolition of the Babri Masjid in Ayodhya, the city was rocked by the Hindu-Muslim riots of 1992–93 in which more than 1,000 people were killed. On 12 March 1993, a series of 13 co-ordinated bombings at several city landmarks by Islamic extremists and the Bombay underworld resulted in 257 deaths and over 700 injuries. In 2006, 209 people were killed and over 700 injured when seven bombs exploded on the city's commuter trains. In 2008, a series of ten coordinated attacks by armed terrorists for three days resulted in 173 deaths, 308 injuries, and severe damage to several heritage landmarks and prestigious hotels. The blasts that occurred at the Opera House, Zaveri Bazaar, and Dadar on 13 July 2011 were the latest in the series of terrorist attacks in Mumbai.
Mumbai is the commercial capital of India and has evolved into a global financial hub. For several decades it has been the home of India's main financial services, and a focus for both infrastructure development and private investment. From being an ancient fishing community and a colonial centre of trade, Mumbai has become South Asia's largest city and home of the world's most prolific film industry.
GEOGRAPHY
Mumbai consists of two distinct regions: Mumbai City district and Mumbai Suburban district, which form two separate revenue districts of Maharashtra. The city district region is also commonly referred to as the Island City or South Mumbai. The total area of Mumbai is 603.4 km2. Of this, the island city spans 67.79 km2, while the suburban district spans 370 km2, together accounting for 437.71 km2 under the administration of Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM). The remaining areas belong to various Defence establishments, the Mumbai Port Trust, the Atomic Energy Commission and the Borivali National Park, which are out of the jurisdiction of the MCGM.
Mumbai lies at the mouth of the Ulhas River on the western coast of India, in the coastal region known as the Konkan. It sits on Salsette Island (Sashti Island), which it partially shares with the Thane district. Mumbai is bounded by the Arabian Sea to the west. Many parts of the city lie just above sea level, with elevations ranging from 10 m to 15 m; the city has an average elevation of 14 m. Northern Mumbai (Salsette) is hilly, and the highest point in the city is 450 m at Salsette in the Powai–Kanheri ranges. The Sanjay Gandhi National Park (Borivali National Park) is located partly in the Mumbai suburban district, and partly in the Thane district, and it extends over an area of 103.09 km2.
Apart from the Bhatsa Dam, there are six major lakes that supply water to the city: Vihar, Lower Vaitarna, Upper Vaitarna, Tulsi, Tansa and Powai. Tulsi Lake and Vihar Lake are located in Borivili National Park, within the city's limits. The supply from Powai lake, also within the city limits, is used only for agricultural and industrial purposes. Three small rivers, the Dahisar River, Poinsar (or Poisar) and Ohiwara (or Oshiwara) originate within the park, while the polluted Mithi River originates from Tulsi Lake and gathers water overflowing from Vihar and Powai Lakes. The coastline of the city is indented with numerous creeks and bays, stretching from the Thane creek on the eastern to Madh Marve on the western front. The eastern coast of Salsette Island is covered with large mangrove swamps, rich in biodiversity, while the western coast is mostly sandy and rocky.
Soil cover in the city region is predominantly sandy due to its proximity to the sea. In the suburbs, the soil cover is largely alluvial and loamy. The underlying rock of the region is composed of black Deccan basalt flows, and their acidic and basic variants dating back to the late Cretaceous and early Eocene eras. Mumbai sits on a seismically active zone owing to the presence of 23 fault lines in the vicinity. The area is classified as a Seismic Zone III region, which means an earthquake of up to magnitude 6.5 on the Richter scale may be expected.
ARCHITECTURE
The architecture of the city is a blend of Gothic Revival, Indo-Saracenic, Art Deco, and other contemporary styles. Most of the buildings during the British period, such as the Victoria Terminus and Bombay University, were built in Gothic Revival style. Their architectural features include a variety of European influences such as German gables, Dutch roofs, Swiss timbering, Romance arches, Tudor casements, and traditional Indian features. There are also a few Indo-Saracenic styled buildings such as the Gateway of India. Art Deco styled landmarks can be found along the Marine Drive and west of the Oval Maidan. Mumbai has the second largest number of Art Deco buildings in the world after Miami. In the newer suburbs, modern buildings dominate the landscape. Mumbai has by far the largest number of skyscrapers in India, with 956 existing buildings and 272 under construction as of 2009.
The Mumbai Heritage Conservation Committee (MHCC), established in 1995, formulates special regulations and by-laws to assist in the conservation of the city's heritage structures. Mumbai has two UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus and the Elephanta Caves. In the south of Mumbai, there are colonial-era buildings and Soviet-style offices. In the east are factories and some slums. On the West coast are former-textile mills being demolished and skyscrapers built on top. There are 31 buildings taller than 100m, compared with 200 in Shanghai, 500 in Hong Kong and 500 in New York.
DEMOGRAPHICS
According to the 2011 census, the population of Mumbai was 12,479,608. The population density is estimated to be about 20,482 persons per square kilometre. The living space is 4.5sq metre per person. As Per 2011 census, Greater Mumbai, the area under the administration of the MCGM, has a literacy rate of 94.7%, higher than the national average of 86.7%. The number of slum-dwellers is estimated to be 9 million, up from 6 million in 2001, that is, 62% of all Mumbaikars live in informal slums.
The sex ratio was 838 (females per 1,000 males) in the island city, 857 in the suburbs, and 848 as a whole in Greater Mumbai, all numbers lower than the national average of 914 females per 1,000 males. The low sex ratio is partly because of the large number of male migrants who come to the city to work.
Residents of Mumbai call themselves Mumbaikar, Mumbaiite, Bombayite or Bombaiite. Mumbai has a large polyglot population like any other metropolitan city of India. Sixteen major languages of India are also spoken in Mumbai, most common being Marathi, Hindi, Gujarati and English. English is extensively spoken and is the principal language of the city's white collar workforce. A colloquial form of Hindi, known as Bambaiya – a blend of Marathi, Hindi, Gujarati, Konkani, Urdu, Indian English and some invented words – is spoken on the streets.
Mumbai suffers from the same major urbanisation problems seen in many fast growing cities in developing countries: widespread poverty and unemployment, poor public health and poor civic and educational standards for a large section of the population. With available land at a premium, Mumbai residents often reside in cramped, relatively expensive housing, usually far from workplaces, and therefore requiring long commutes on crowded mass transit, or clogged roadways. Many of them live in close proximity to bus or train stations although suburban residents spend significant time travelling southward to the main commercial district. Dharavi, Asia's second largest slum (if Karachi's Orangi Town is counted as a single slum) is located in central Mumbai and houses between 800,000 and one million people in 2.39 square kilometres, making it one of the most densely populated areas on Earth with a population density of at least 334,728 persons per square kilometre. With a literacy rate of 69%, the slums in Mumbai are the most literate in India.
The number of migrants to Mumbai from outside Maharashtra during the 1991–2001 decade was 1.12 million, which amounted to 54.8% of the net addition to the population of Mumbai.
The number of households in Mumbai is forecast to rise from 4.2 million in 2008 to 6.6 million in 2020. The number of households with annual incomes of 2 million rupees will increase from 4% to 10% by 2020, amounting to 660,000 families. The number of households with incomes from 1–2 million rupees is also estimated to increase from 4% to 15% by 2020. According to Report of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) 2016 Mumbai is the noisiest city in India before Lucknow , Hyderabad and Delhi.
ETHNIC GROUPS AND RELIGION
The religious groups represented in Mumbai include Hindus (67.39%), Muslims (18.56%), Buddhists (5.22%), Jains (3.99%), Christians (4.2%), Sikhs (0.58%), with Parsis and Jews making up the rest of the population. The linguistic/ethnic demographics are: Maharashtrians (42%), Gujaratis (19%), with the rest hailing from other parts of India.
Native Christians include East Indian Catholics, who were converted by the Portuguese during the 16th century, while Goan and Mangalorean Catholics also constitute a significant portion of the Christian community of the city. Jews settled in Bombay during the 18th century. The Bene Israeli Jewish community of Bombay, who migrated from the Konkan villages, south of Bombay, are believed to be the descendants of the Jews of Israel who were shipwrecked off the Konkan coast, probably in the year 175 BCE, during the reign of the Greek ruler, Antiochus IV Epiphanes. Mumbai is also home to the largest population of Parsi Zoroastrians in the world, numbering about 80,000. Parsis migrated to India from Pars (Persia/Iran) following the Muslim conquest of Persia in the seventh century. The oldest Muslim communities in Mumbai include the Dawoodi Bohras, Ismaili Khojas, and Konkani Muslims.
CULTURE
Mumbai's culture is a blend of traditional festivals, food, music, and theatres. The city offers a cosmopolitan and diverse lifestyle with a variety of food, entertainment, and night life, available in a form and abundance comparable to that in other world capitals. Mumbai's history as a major trading centre has led to a diverse range of cultures, religions, and cuisines coexisting in the city. This unique blend of cultures is due to the migration of people from all over India since the British period.
Mumbai is the birthplace of Indian cinema - Dadasaheb Phalke laid the foundations with silent movies followed by Marathi talkies - and the oldest film broadcast took place in the early 20th century. Mumbai also has a large number of cinema halls that feature Bollywood, Marathi and Hollywood movies. The Mumbai International Film Festival and the award ceremony of the Filmfare Awards, the oldest and prominent film awards given for Hindi film industry in India, are held in Mumbai. Despite most of the professional theatre groups that formed during the British Raj having disbanded by the 1950s, Mumbai has developed a thriving "theatre movement" tradition in Marathi, Hindi, English, and other regional languages.
Contemporary art is featured in both government-funded art spaces and private commercial galleries. The government-funded institutions include the Jehangir Art Gallery and the National Gallery of Modern Art. Built in 1833, the Asiatic Society of Bombay is one of the oldest public libraries in the city. The Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastu Sangrahalaya (formerly The Prince of Wales Museum) is a renowned museum in South Mumbai which houses rare ancient exhibits of Indian history.
Mumbai has a zoo named Jijamata Udyaan (formerly Victoria Gardens), which also harbours a garden. The rich literary traditions of the city have been highlighted internationally by Booker Prize winners Salman Rushdie, Aravind Adiga. Marathi literature has been modernised in the works of Mumbai-based authors such as Mohan Apte, Anant Kanekar, and Gangadhar Gadgil, and is promoted through an annual Sahitya Akademi Award, a literary honour bestowed by India's National Academy of Letters.
Mumbai residents celebrate both Western and Indian festivals. Diwali, Holi, Eid, Christmas, Navratri, Good Friday, Dussera, Moharram, Ganesh Chaturthi, Durga Puja and Maha Shivratri are some of the popular festivals in the city. The Kala Ghoda Arts Festival is an exhibition of a world of arts that encapsulates works of artists in the fields of music, dance, theatre, and films. A week-long annual fair known as Bandra Fair, starting on the following Sunday after 8 September, is celebrated by people of all faiths, to commemorate the Nativity of Mary, mother of Jesus, on 8 September.
The Banganga Festival is a two-day music festival, held annually in the month of January, which is organised by the Maharashtra Tourism Development Corporation (MTDC) at the historic Banganga Tank in Mumbai. The Elephanta Festival - celebrated every February on the Elephanta Islands - is dedicated to classical Indian dance and music and attracts performers from across the country. Public holidays specific to the city and the state include Maharashtra Day on 1 May, to celebrate the formation of Maharashtra state on 1 May 1960, and Gudi Padwa which is the New Year's Day for Marathi people.
Beaches are a major tourist attraction in the city. The major beaches in Mumbai are Girgaum Chowpatty, Juhu Beach, Dadar Chowpatty, Gorai Beach, Marve Beach, Versova Beach, Madh Beach, Aksa Beach, and Manori Beach. Most of the beaches are unfit for swimming, except Girgaum Chowpatty and Juhu Beach. Essel World is a theme park and amusement centre situated close to Gorai Beach, and includes Asia's largest theme water park, Water Kingdom. Adlabs Imagica opened in April 2013 is located near the city of Khopoli off the Mumbai-Pune Expressway.
WIKIPEDIA
Metal globes, most vintage--yo-yos, beads, pencil sharpeners, pendants, earrings--fill this interesting little glass bowl.
vintage 1982 silver charm photographed on one of the original 1976 vintage Hello Kitty pencil sharpeners
Dungeons & Dragons dice was an interesting find.
Dungeons & Dragons dice, bracelet, day and night timer, outlet expander, pencil sharpener, picture frame, potato slicer, school bus.
upstairs, Clint and Carolyn's house, Alexandria, Virginia.
April 30, 2017.
... Read my blog at ClintJCL at wordpress.com
... Read Carolyn's blog at CarolynCASL at wordpress.com
... Read my yard sale-related blogposts at clintjcl dot wordpress dot com/category/yard-sales/
BACKSTORY: COMMENTS/ANECDOTES: This was a great day for yardsaling! Multiple community yardsales, the Boy Scout flea market, a church rummage sale, this day had it all. We got a lot of stuff. 3 car-loads! A Russian Cyrillic typewriter. We actually made it through the entire route, surprisingly. We had talked about maybe skipping a section in the middle, but then we went ahead and continued on. Then later, we were like, "Damn, we should have skipped that stuff in the middle, but then we wouldn't have gotten the stripper pole." Trade-offs! Our two goals were met though: we were specifically looking for floor lamps and power strips. By the way, Trump voters price stuff ridiculously.
SUMMARY: Got up around 7:05AM, made it out driving from McDonald's by 7:48 and went out until 2:39PM for a total of 6 hours. Spent $164.24 plus ~$5.03 gas for 58.1 miles of driving (28.7 mpg @ $2.49/G), for a total cost of $169.27. We drove to 48 yard sales, stopping at 18 (38%) of them. We made 65 purchases (115 items not including the power blocks) for a total estimated value of $1,207.61, leading to a profit/savings of $1,038.34. So in essence, we multiplied our $169.27 investment by 6.13X. (Also, if you think about it, the profit counts for even more when you consider that we have to earn $1,183 on the job, pre-tax, in order to take home the $1,038.34 in cash that we saved. How long does $1,038 of disposable income take to earn, vs the 6 hrs we spent here?) Anyway, this works out to a *post-tax* "wage" of $173.06/hr as a couple or $86.53/hr per person.
THE TAKE:
* $20.00: camping stove, Coleman, two burners, 5430B700 (EV:$42.41)
* $20.00: canopy, instant pop-up, Quik Shade, unsure of size, but it is probably around 8x8'. (EV:$49.99). Bought off the guy's back because it was his that he was using for his spot at the flea market, but he didn't have it up and had it in with his stuff as if it was for sale. When we asked how much, he said he'd sell it to us for $20.
* $15.00: Spencer's Light Up "Dance" Pole. Come on, Spencer's, we know that's a stripper pole. (EV:$138.95)
* $15.00: digital picture frame, 10", Samsung, SPF-107H (EV:$16.22)
* $10.00: cage, kennel, large dog, 49x21x33"(EV:$66.49)
* $8.00: pet carrier, Pet Gear, black, backpack, extending handle, 12x19 cage, 36" from floor with handle extended (EV:$52.49)
* $7.00: fan, Lasko, Cyclone, 21x23x7", adjustable, missing the remote (EV:$35.10 price tag)
* $5.00: Russian Cyrillic typewriter. (EV:$65.00) For Svetlana.
* $5.00: propane, camping stove (5), 14.1 oz, BernzOmatic (3), Primus (2) (EV:$9.75 based on $1.95 price tag)
* $5.00: light, twin disco ball, Spencer's (EV:$35.00)
* $5.00: copper etching, Gin Lane, 11.5x10 (EV:$34.00) This is a companion piece to another art piece, Beer Street. This site is selling the pair of copperplate engravings for $3,250!
* $4.00: power strip, 6 3-prong outlets, white, SPF-107H (EV:$3.24)
* $3.00: can opener, Cuisinart, black, CCO-50 (EV:$19.99)
* $3.00: lamp, floor, built-in 3-level shelf (EV:$74.95)
* $3.00: lamp, floor, halogen, green (EV:$47.96)
* $3.00: lamp, floor, silver (EV:$16.27)
* $3.00: rake, metal, 16" tines (EV:$7.61)
* $3.00: dish drainer, white, 17.5x13x5.5" (EV:$3.43)
* $3.00: decanter, barrel, tiki style, including stand & 5 cups (missing 1 cup) (EV:$19.98). It's close to this one, and it's even missing one of the cups, but this link doesn't say how much they sold it for.
* $3.00: popsicle molds, Flambeau, bear head tops (6) 2 red, 2 blue, 2 yellow, 9.5" including top, 7.5" without top (EV:$1.86)
* $2.00: suitcase, black, rolling, 4 pockets, 14.5x7.5x21" (EV:$15.00)
* $2.00: organizer, plastic, black, 2 drawers, flip top. 8.25x6.5x6.5 (EV:$5.42)
* $2.00: picture frame, school bus, School Days, 14.625x6.875" (EV:$7.95)
* $2.00: purse, black, 6 pockets, 9.5x8" (EV:$7.48). Also had some ChuckECheese tickets inside.
* $2.00: suitcase, purple, rolling, 4 pockets, 11x17x27" (EV:$12.29)
* $1.50: easel, chalk board & whiteboard, 47x24.5x11" (EV:$30.34)
* $1.00: umbrella, 37" (EV:$9.99)
* $1.00: action figure, Sin City, Rosario Dawson 7x1.25", 7 movable joints (EV:$19.60)
* $1.00: bracelet, arm band, gold (EV:$~2)
* $0.50: slinky, rainbow, big, 5.25" (EV:$13.62)
* $0.50: glitter, silver, 1lb, BGLT-002(EV:$11.49)
* $0.50: extension cord, white (EV:$0.99)
* $0.50: charger cord, micro USB (EV:$0.52)
* $0.50: apple corer (EV:$0.49)
* $0.34: timer, Intermatic Time-All, heavy duty, model no TN311 (EV:$7.72). Bought at the church rummage sale that was $1 for each item, but then we got 1/2 off and the checkout girl gave us 6 items for $2.
* $0.34: extension cord with 3 female outlets on end, green, 2' (EV:$8.36). Bought at the church rummage sale that was $1 for each item, but then we got 1/2 off and the checkout girl gave us 6 items for $2.
* $0.33: power strip, 6-outlet, white, BB-05 (EV:$3.24). Bought at the church rummage sale that was $1 for each item, but then we got 1/2 off and the checkout girl gave us 6 items for $2.
* $0.33: extension cord with 3 outlets on end, black (EV:$9.45). Bought at the church rummage sale that was $1 for each item, but then we got 1/2 off and the checkout girl gave us 6 items for $2.
* $0.33: dust buster, Black & Decker 2.4v V2410 (EV:$15.88). Bought at the church rummage sale that was $1 for each item, but then we got 1/2 off and the checkout girl gave us 6 items for $2.
* $0.33: fan, 6", model 3146, 73037782 (EV:$0.00 because it was dead). Bought at the church rummage sale that was $1 for each item, but then we got 1/2 off and the checkout girl gave us 6 items for $2.
* $0.33: action figures, X-Men Evolution, Wolverine 4x2.125", (EV:$7.84)
* $0.33: action figures, X-Men Evolution, Nightcrawler 4x3" (EV:$3.99)
* $0.33: action figures, X-Men Evolution, Rogue 4x2.25" (EV:$7.84)
* $0.25: french fry cutter (EV:$0.20)
* $0.25: small fork, 2 tines, silver metal & pink plastic handle, 9" (EV:$0.99)
* $0.25: picture, framed, Dragon, 6.125x6.125" (EV:$~3.00)
* $0.25: talon, finger, 4" (EV:$2.79)
* $0.25: shirt, Simpsons, Ralph, "I Dress Myself", red (EV:$6.57)
* $FREE: game, board game, Game Of Thrones, 2nd edition, www.fantastyflightgames.com, ISBN: 978-1-58994-720-7, barcode 9781589947207 (EV:$56.67)
* $FREE: grill, charcoal, Weber, 14" high, 15" diameter (EV:$29.99)
* $FREE: lights, skeleton hands, 14', item 95036 (EV:$unknown, but we'll say $~10.00)
* $FREE: tape measure, toy, red, The Eagle School, The Big Tape, 7.375x5.25" (EV:$13.98)
* $FREE: microscope, black, 8" (EV:$11.29)
* $FREE: dolly, luggage or beer cooler, 41.5" high with handle extended (EV:$21.99)
* $FREE: metal basket shelf, 18x12x18", 1st basket 6", 2nd basket 2.5" (EV:$24.99). Ours is not exactly like this, but this is the closet I could find.
* $FREE: Child's puzzle toy, magnets (EV:$~5.00)
* $FREE: meeting amplifier, Apollo PA-5400, Sanha (EV:$9.99)
* $FREE: recorder instrument, cream-colored (EV:$4.99)
* $FREE: swiss army knife toy (EV:$2.00)
* $FREE: Reboot Toy, Micro Playset, Megabyte's Tor, Irwin Toys, 1995, 4x6x3", face opens up to lair inside, missing the people. (EV:$8.92)
* $FREE: Reboot Toy, Micro Playset, Hexadecimal's Lair, Irwin Toys, 1995, 6x7x3", face opens up to lair inside, missing the people, and the additional faces. (EV:$12.92)
* $FREE: car charger, phone, Nokia, AT&T (EV:$5.50)
* $FREE: box of miscellaneous power blocks (EV:$5.00)
* $FREE: dice, Dungeons & Dragons, including nice pouch, blue metallic finish (EV:$3.75)
* $FREE: basket, 10x7x2.5", full of miscellaneous magnets (37) and other stuff including 3" plastic peace sign necklace, purple, 2.125" West Virginia rainbow button (EV:$~3.00)
* $FREE: pencil sharpener, Dahle 122 (EV:$17.09)
* $FREE: hats, straw, cowboy (7) (EV:$9.80)