View allAll Photos Tagged Pechora
The 9K33 Osa (Russian: 9К33 «Оса»; English: "wasp"; NATO reporting name SA-8 Gecko) is a highly mobile, low-altitude, short-range tactical surface-to-air missile system developed in the Soviet Union in the 1960s and fielded in 1972. Its export version name is Romb.
The Osa was the first mobile air defense missile system incorporating its own engagement radars on a single vehicle.
All versions of the 9K33 feature all-in-one 9A33 transporter erector launcher and radar (TELAR) vehicles which can detect, track and engage aircraft independently or with the aid of regimental surveillance radars. The six-wheeled transport vehicles BAZ-5937 are fully amphibious and air transportable. The road range is about 500 km.
The 1S51M3-2 radar system of the 9K33 Osa TELAR received the NATO codename Land Roll. It was derived from the naval 'Pop Group' radar system but is smaller as it does not require a stabilisation system. An improved system, the Osa-AKM (NATO reporting name SA-8B 'Gecko' Mod 1) was first seen in Germany in 1980. It had improvements to the launcher configuration, carrying six missiles in ribbed containers.
The system is reported to be of the frequency-agile monopulse type. It consists of an elliptical rotating surveillance antenna mounted on top of the array, operates in H band (6 to 8 GHz) and has a 30 km acquisition range against most targets. The large pulsed J band (14.5 GHz) engagement antenna is mounted below it in the centre of the array and has a maximum tracking range of about 20 km.
Mounted on either side of the tracking radar antenna is a small J band parabolic dish antenna to track the missile. Below it is a small circular antenna which emits an I band uplink capture beam to gather the missile shortly after launch. The final antennas in the array are two small white rectangular ones, one on either side of the array mounted alongside the I band, used for command uplink to the missile. The twin antenna system permits the 'Land Roll' radar to control up to two missiles simultaneously against a single target.
Two missiles can be guided on different frequencies to further complicate electronic countermeasures (ECM). The 9Sh33 electro optical tracker is fitted to and above the tracking radar, used to track the target when the main tracking radar is jammed by ECM.
A 9K33 battery comprises four 9A33B TELAR vehicles and two 9T217 transloader vehicles on BAZ-5939 chassis with reload missiles and a crane. A reload time of five minutes has been reported per TELAR.
In addition to the TELARs, each regiment is assigned a 9V914 radar collimation vehicle (initially on the BAZ-5938 chassis but more often found on the ZiL-131 truck) that assists in the alignment of the TELAR's radar systems, ensuring accurate target tracking and engagement.
Engagement range for early versions is approximately 2–9 km (1.3–5.6 mi) with engagement altitudes of between 50 and 5,000 m (164–16,400 ft). The 9M33M2 "Osa-A" missile extends the ranges to 1.5–10 km (1–6.2 mi) and engagement altitudes to 25–5,000 m (82–16,400 ft). The 9M33M3 missile greatly enhances the altitude engagement envelope to 10–12,000 m (33–42,500 ft), and are able to travel further (about 15 km/9 mi). However, the system is unable to engage targets at longer ranges, due to other factors such as the limitations of the radar tracking of the missiles. The system is designed for use primarily against jet aircraft and helicopters in any weather.
The 9M33 missiles are 3.158 m (10.3 ft) long, weigh 126 kg (278 lb) and use command guidance. A backup low-light optical tracking system is available for heavy ECM environments. The latest 9M33M3 missiles have an increased total weight of 170 kg (375 lb) in order to provide extended range coverage and larger warhead. Propulsion is provided by a dual-thrust solid fuel rocket motor. Both versions feature a missile speed of around Mach 2.4 (peaking at around Mach 3) for a maximum target engagement speed of around Mach 1.4 for the original 9M33 missile and Mach 1.6 for the 9M33M2\M3 missiles. The warhead for 9M33/M2 versions weighs 19 kg (42 lb), increased to 40 kg (88 lb) in the M3 version to improve performance against helicopters. All versions have impact and proximity fuzes.
Each TELAR is able to launch and guide two missiles against one target simultaneously. Kill probability is quoted as 0.35–0.85 for the Osa and 0.55–0.85 for the Osa-AK and Osa-AKM (presumably depending upon target aspect, speed, maneuverability and radar cross section). Reaction time (from target detection to launch) is around 26 seconds. Preparation time for engagements from transit is around 4 minutes and missile reloading takes around 5 minutes. Each battery of four TELARs is usually accompanied by two reload vehicles carrying 18 missiles in sets of three, with a crane mounted on the reload vehicles to assist in moving the missiles.
When launched, the booster motor burns for two seconds, permitting the radar to gather and control it at very short ranges (about 1.6 km). The sustainer motor burns for 15 seconds, bringing the missile to a top speed of about Mach 2. Once launched, the missile is command-guided for the whole flight, and the warhead is detonated by its proximity fuze or possibly command. The warhead is said to have a lethal radius of 5 m at low altitude against an F-4 Phantom II size target.
Radars
1S51M3 ("Land Roll") – C band target acquisition radar, H band conical scan target tracking radar and two J band pulse mode fire control radars (range 35 km/22 mi for acquisition, 30 km/19 mi for tracking and 25 km/16 mi for guidance). Mounted on the TELAR.
P-40 ("Long Track") – E band early warning radar (also used by 2K11 Krug and 2K12 Kub, range 175 km/108 mi), mounted on a tracked vehicle (a modified AT-T).
P-15 ("Flat Face A") or P-19 ("Flat Face B") or P-15M(2) ("Squat Eye") – 380 kW C band target acquisition radar (also used by the S-125 Neva/Pechora and 2K12 Kub, range 250 km/155 mi), mounted on a ZiL-131 truck.
PRV-9 or PRV-16 ("Thin Skin") – E band height finding radar (also used by 2K11 Krug and 2K12 Kub, range 240 km/148 mi), mounted on a KrAZ-255B truck.
Produced by the Soviet Union/Russia, the system was exported to many countries, including Cuba, Greece (from the former East Germany), Poland, Syria, Ecuador and Iraq.
During the 1982 Lebanon war in which Syrian air defenses were obliterated by a massive air campaign against Syrian SAM sites in the Beqaa valley, the Syrians deployed Osas. An F-4 Phantom in a SEAD mission was shot down on 24 July 1982 by an Osa system. The WSO (back seater), Aharon Katz was killed, while the pilot, Gil Fogel, survived and was held captive by the Syrians for two years.
In the late 1980s, Cuba deployed several 9K33 Osa units in southern Angola, which posed a significant threat to South African air superiority at shorter ranges. The South African 61 Mechanised Battalion Group captured an intact 9K33 Osa anti-aircraft missile system on 3 October 1987 during the Battle of Cuito Cuanavale. This was the first time that such a system had fallen into possession of non-Warsaw Pact forces, giving Western intelligence agencies an opportunity to examine an important Soviet-bloc weapon system.
Iraq fielded Osa systems during the 1991 Gulf War. The Russians claimed that it was the most effective system alongside the ZSU-23-4 Shilka at shooting down Tomahawk cruise missiles, with several downings credited to hits from Osa weapons.
The system also saw use in the 2008 Russo-Georgian War by both the Georgian and Russian militaries.
Libya deployed 9K33 Osa, with some destroyed during the 2011 Libyan Civil War by NATO airstrikes.
Tolka River Valley Park, Finglas, Dublin, Ireland 20th/Jan/2017
Siberian chiffchaff (Phylloscopus (collybita) tristis) is a leaf-warbler which is usually considered a subspecies of the common chiffchaff, but may be a species in its own right.
Range
Siberian chiffchaff breeds in Siberia east of the Pechora River and winters in the lower Himalayas.
Status in Europe
It is also regularly recorded in western Europe in winter, and it is likely that the numbers involved have been underestimated due to uncertainties over identification criteria, lack of good data and recording policies (Sweden and Finland only accept trapped birds).
Because of their unfamiliar appearance, British records in the 1950s and 1960s were originally thought to be greenish warblers, and accepted as such by BBRC, the national rarities committee, until the records were reviewed in the 1980s.
vocalisations
It is a dull bird, grey or brownish above and whitish below, with little yellow in the plumage, and the buff-white supercilium is often longer than in the western subspecies. It has a higher pitched suitsistsuisit song and a short high-pitched cheet call. It is sometimes considered to be a full species due to its distinctive plumage and vocalisations, being similar to P. s. sindianus in these respects.
Taxonomy
Common chiffchaffs (of the nominate race) and Siberian chiffchaffs do not recognize each others songs. Pending resolution of the status of the form fulvescens, which is found where the ranges of common chiffchaff (of the race abietinus) and Siberian chiffchaff connect and may, or may not, be a hybrid between these, tristis is maintained in P. collybita by most checklists
Greenpeace activists stand in solidarity with the crew of the Greenpeace ship Arctic Sunrise.
This protest is part of an emergency Global Day of Solidarity for the 'Arctic 30. Tens of thousands of people participate in activities held in over 160 locations in 46 countries throughout the world. A Russian court charged twenty-eight Greenpeace International activists, as well as a freelance videographer and photographer, with piracy this week. The charges follow a peaceful protest against Arctic oil drilling at a Gazprom oil platform in the Pechora Sea.
Observational Data courtesy of Landsat 8 satellite (Bands: 2, 3, 4, 8) & USGS. Data processed by Paul Quast.
Data Specifications: Coordinates: 68.2840, 54.2206. Acquired: 3-Jul-2016. 5-Jul-2016. (Entity ID: LC81750122016185LGN01. LC81730122016187LGN01. Path & Row: 175, 12. 173, 12).
© All rights are reserved, please do not use my photos without my permission
Name:Pechora Star
IMO:9488322
Flag:Malta
MMSI:215760000
Callsign:9HA2788
Vessel type:Oil/chemical Tanker
Gross tonnage:8,537 tons
Summer DWT:13,021 tons
Length:129 m
Beam:21 m
Draught:6.2 m
Home port:Valletta
Class society:American Bureau Of Shipping
Build year:2011
Builder :21st Century Shipbuilding
Tongyoung, South Korea
One of the highlights of the holiday for me..apart from the short-toed lark, the barred warbler, the common rosefinch, the jack snipe and hearing and fleetingly seeing the pechora pipit!!
IJmuiden, Holland on 13th February 2013.
IMO number :9488322
Name of ship :PECHORA STAR
Call Sign :9HA2788
MMSI :215760000
Gross tonnage :8581
DWT :13021
Type of ship :Chemical/Oil Products Tanker
Year of build :2011
Flag :Malta
One of the ambition birds for birders visiting Shetland, Pechora Pipit is a "Sibe" misdirected from the breeding grounds of Siberia so that instead of reaching wintering areas in Southern Asia it pitches up pretty much annually on Britain's Northern Isles. Ths one arrived in Quendale near the Southern end of Mainland Shetland where it remained for a few days showing unusually well (they are inveterate skulkers) intermittently on a drystone wall.
On Oct. 5, 2013, Greenpeace supporters stood in solidarity with the crew of the Greenpeace ship Arctic Sunrise. Tens of thousands of people have taken part in an emergency global day of solidarity with the 'Arctic 30' in well over 80 cities in 50 countries throughout the world. 28 Greenpeace International activists and two journalists were charged with piracy this week by a Russian court, following a peaceful protest against Arctic oil drilling at a Gazprom oil platform in the Pechora Sea.
Greenpeace Goes Bananas as Sovcomflot Tanker Arrives in Rotterdam
The Mikhail Ulyanov loading crude, Image: Gazprom
Sovcomflot’s ice class shuttle tanker Mikhail Ulyanov has been the target of a huge Greenpeace protest today upon arrival in Rotterdam.
The tanker, which is rated to operate in waters covered by ice up to 1.2 meters thick, has just arrived from the Pechora Sea where it had loaded 67,000 tonnes of crude oil from the Prirazlomnoye production platform owned by Gazprom. What the ship’s crew didn’t expect (or more likely they did) was that Greenpeace would be waiting for them, prepared to launch their next publicity stunt in opposition of arctic oil production.
As the Mikhail Ulyanov was preparing to dock, the Greenpeace protesters were everywhere, painting messages on the side of the ship, flying around in the sky, and ultimately stopping the ship from docking when the Rainbow Warrior slipped in and docked at the same terminal the tanker was approaching.
Pipits, another tough bird to get a 100% certain ID on. We have several species that regularly visit each winter, Olive-Backed, Red-Throated, Richard's, Pechora and this, what I believe is a Buff-Bellied Pipit. Though could be a Pechora or even a vagrant Meadow Pipit. Any help in ID'ing this bird is appreciated!
Tolka River Valley Park, Finglas, Dublin, Ireland 20th/Jan/2017
Siberian chiffchaff (Phylloscopus (collybita) tristis) is a leaf-warbler which is usually considered a subspecies of the common chiffchaff, but may be a species in its own right.
Range
Siberian chiffchaff breeds in Siberia east of the Pechora River and winters in the lower Himalayas.
Status in Europe
It is also regularly recorded in western Europe in winter, and it is likely that the numbers involved have been underestimated due to uncertainties over identification criteria, lack of good data and recording policies (Sweden and Finland only accept trapped birds).
Because of their unfamiliar appearance, British records in the 1950s and 1960s were originally thought to be greenish warblers, and accepted as such by BBRC, the national rarities committee, until the records were reviewed in the 1980s.
vocalisations
It is a dull bird, grey or brownish above and whitish below, with little yellow in the plumage, and the buff-white supercilium is often longer than in the western subspecies. It has a higher pitched suitsistsuisit song and a short high-pitched cheet call. It is sometimes considered to be a full species due to its distinctive plumage and vocalisations, being similar to P. s. sindianus in these respects.
Taxonomy
Common chiffchaffs (of the nominate race) and Siberian chiffchaffs do not recognize each others songs. Pending resolution of the status of the form fulvescens, which is found where the ranges of common chiffchaff (of the race abietinus) and Siberian chiffchaff connect and may, or may not, be a hybrid between these, tristis is maintained in P. collybita by most checklists
This Siberian vagrant is somewhat a Shetland speciality, near annual and hard to come by on mainland UK.
© All rights are reserved, please do not use my photos without my permission
Name:Pechora Star
IMO:9488322
Flag:Malta
MMSI:215760000
Callsign:9HA2788
Vessel type:Oil/chemical Tanker
Gross tonnage:8,537 tons
Summer DWT:13,021 tons
Length:129 m
Beam:21 m
Draught:6.2 m
Home port:Valletta
Class society:American Bureau Of Shipping
Build year:2011
Builder :21st Century Shipbuilding
Tongyoung, South Korea
One of the ambition birds for birders visiting Shetland, Pechora Pipit is a "Sibe" misdirected from the breeding grounds of Siberia so that instead of reaching wintering areas in Southern Asia it pitches up pretty much annually on Britain's Northern Isles. Ths one arrived in Quendale near the Southern end of Mainland Shetland where it remained for a few days showing unusually well (they are inveterate skulkers) intermittently on a drystone wall.
© All rights are reserved, please do not use my photos without my permission
Name:Pechora Star
IMO:9488322
Flag:Malta
MMSI:215760000
Callsign:9HA2788
Vessel type:Oil/chemical Tanker
Gross tonnage:8,537 tons
Summer DWT:13,021 tons
Length:129 m
Beam:21 m
Draught:6.2 m
Home port:Valletta
Class society:American Bureau Of Shipping
Build year:2011
Builder :21st Century Shipbuilding
Tongyoung, South Korea
© All rights are reserved, please do not use my photos without my permission
Name:Pechora Star
IMO:9488322
Flag:Malta
MMSI:215760000
Callsign:9HA2788
Vessel type:Oil/chemical Tanker
Gross tonnage:8,537 tons
Summer DWT:13,021 tons
Length:129 m
Beam:21 m
Draught:6.2 m
Home port:Valletta
Class society:American Bureau Of Shipping
Build year:2011
Builder :21st Century Shipbuilding
Tongyoung, South Korea
© All rights are reserved, please do not use my photos without my permission
Name:Pechora Star
IMO:9488322
Flag:Malta
MMSI:215760000
Callsign:9HA2788
Vessel type:Oil/chemical Tanker
Gross tonnage:8,537 tons
Summer DWT:13,021 tons
Length:129 m
Beam:21 m
Draught:6.2 m
Home port:Valletta
Class society:American Bureau Of Shipping
Build year:2011
Builder :21st Century Shipbuilding
Tongyoung, South Korea
© All rights are reserved, please do not use my photos without my permission
Name:Pechora Star
IMO:9488322
Flag:Malta
MMSI:215760000
Callsign:9HA2788
Vessel type:Oil/chemical Tanker
Gross tonnage:8,537 tons
Summer DWT:13,021 tons
Length:129 m
Beam:21 m
Draught:6.2 m
Home port:Valletta
Class society:American Bureau Of Shipping
Build year:2011
Builder :21st Century Shipbuilding
Tongyoung, South Korea
On Oct. 5, 2013, Greenpeace supporters stood in solidarity with the crew of the Greenpeace ship Arctic Sunrise. Tens of thousands of people have taken part in an emergency global day of solidarity with the 'Arctic 30' in well over 80 cities in 50 countries throughout the world. 28 Greenpeace International activists and two journalists were charged with piracy this week by a Russian court, following a peaceful protest against Arctic oil drilling at a Gazprom oil platform in the Pechora Sea.