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Figure details:
Classification: Nendoroid 2069
Character: Gotou Hitori
Origins: Bocchi the Rock
Company: Good Smile Company
Alnwick Garden is a complex of formal gardens adjacent to Alnwick Castle in the town of Alnwick, Northumberland, England. The gardens have a long history under the dukes of Northumberland, but fell into disrepair until revived at the turn of the 21st century. The garden now features various themed plantings designed around a central water cascade. The revival of the gardens led to several public disputes between the Duchess of Northumberland and various garden experts concerning preservation and the use of public funds. The garden now belongs to a charitable trust, which is separate from Northumberland Estates, although the 12th Duke of Northumberland donated the 42-acre (17 ha) site and contributed £9 million towards redevelopment costs.
History
The first garden was laid down in 1750 by the 1st Duke of Northumberland, who employed Capability Brown, the celebrated Northumberland gardener, to landscape the parkland adjoining Alnwick Museum.
The 3rd Duke was a plant collector, and led a century of development at Alnwick – he brought seeds from over the world, and pineapples were raised in hothouses. In the middle of the 19th century, the 4th Duke created an Italianate garden featuring a large conservatory, and at the end of the century, the gardens were at their grandest, with yew topiary, avenues of limes and acres of flowers.
During the Second World War's "Dig for Victory" campaign, the garden was turned over and provided food, and soon afterwards the austerity of the 20th century saw the garden fall into disrepair. It was closed as a working garden in 1950.
Redevelopment
Redevelopment of the garden was instigated by Jane Percy, Duchess of Northumberland in 1997, and has been led by Belgian landscape designers Jacques and Peter Wirtz. It is the most ambitious new garden created in the United Kingdom since the Second World War, with a reported total development cost of £42 million.
The first phase of redevelopment, opened in October 2001, involved the creation of the cascade and initial planting of the gardens. On 22 December 2004 a large 6,000 sq ft (560 m2) tree house complex, including a cafe, was opened. A pavilion and visitor centre designed by Sir Michael Hopkins and Buro Happold opened in May 2006, with capacity for 1,000 people. The pavilion and visitor centre feature a barrel-vaulted gridshell roof. The gardens include several water features as well as architectural landscaping, topiary and decorative gates.
Poison Garden
A garden featuring intoxicating and poisonous plants was added in February 2005. The garden was thought of by the duchess herself, who wanted the garden to have something that was different from other gardens. Species of the Poison Garden include Strychnos nux-vomica (source of strychnine), hemlock, Ricinus communis (source of harmless castor oil but also deadly ricin), foxglove, Atropa belladonna (commonly called Deadly Nightshade), Brugmansia and Laburnum. The mission of the Poison Garden also includes drug education, with featured plantings of cannabis, coca and the opium poppy Papaver somniferum. The Poison Garden is now one of the main reasons that people visit the gardens.
Taken in Belém, Pará, 06 Dec 2008.
In "Mangal das Garças" complex tourist.
Forced HDR using Photomatix. This black pixel area marked with notes is me dirty CCD sensor.
Westside Metro extension on Broad Street.
Was heading towards Five Ways Island then over to Cineworld at the Five Ways Entertainment Complex.
Five Ways Complex and Cineworld.
Broad Street Cluster: The Bank, The Mercian and Cumberland House.
The Moscow Kremlin, commonly known as just the Kremlin, is a fortified complex in Moscow, Russia. Located in the centre of the country's capital city, the Moscow Kremlin comprises five palaces, four cathedrals, and the enclosing Kremlin Wall along with the Kremlin towers. In the complex is the Grand Kremlin Palace, which was one of the royal residences of the Tsar of Russia, and now is the residence of the president of the Russian Federation. The Moscow Kremlin overlooks the Moskva River to the south, Saint Basil's Cathedral and Red Square to the east, and Alexander Garden to the west.
In the Russian language, kreml' denotes a 'fortress within a city', and there are many historical cities with Kremlin of their own. However, the Moscow Kremlin, the best known, also serves an international-politics metonym that identifies the Government of Russia. During the Cold War (1947–1991), the term The Kremlin meant the Government of the Soviet Union and the term Kremlinology meant the study of the decisions of the Soviet leaders and of Russian and Soviet politics. When open to the public, the Kremlin of Moscow offers supervised tours of the Moscow Kremlin Museums.
The Saturday challenge for 6th September is ‘Reflections’. This subject having come up more than once over the time I’ve been in the SSC group, I wasn’t sure that I’d be able to find a new approach to it, but chance has come to my aid! I just happened to glance at where I’d left my sunglasses lying on top of the TV cabinet (the weather not looking like I’d be needing them right now), and I noticed that they were reflecting the light coming in from the front window. I cropped the image as a square, showing only one side of the sunglasses, because it seemed to me to be neater.
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😃 Thank you very much for any 💬s or ⭐️s you like to give; they’re really appreciated!
😢 By the way, I’ve fallen behind in commenting on your recent postings, so I do apologise for that and assure you that I’m trying to catch up! 😢
New Norcia.
The founder of this monastic town was Rosendo Salvado (1814-1900.) Salvado was born in Spain and became a
Benedictine monk, missionary and ordained priest from 1839. With Brother Serra he later sailed to Fremantle in January 1846 to set up a system of education for Aboriginal children. His mission at New Norcia was established in March 1846 and was named Norcia after the birthplace in Italy of St. Benedict. Hunger soon drove Brother Salvado back to Perth to give a one man piano concert to raise money for his mission. He returned to New Norcia with his bullock cart where he felled trees, ploughed, sowed and planted corn, vines for wine and established hives for honey. He set himself high standards of work which Brother Serra also met. The other monks were less able to work so hard. Brother Serra left the mission in 1848. Brother Salvado set about building an Abbey and a small village. He gathered the Murara and Victoria Plains Aboriginal people to the mission and began teaching them about Christianity. Through their spears and boomerangs he taught them the value and meaning of property and ownership. Soon his pupils were adept in animal husbandry, handicrafts, ploughing, horse husbandry and general farm work.
A papal decree gave Brother Salvado the title of Lord Abbot of New Norcia for life. After developing his mission for over fifty years Salvado died when he was visiting Rome in 1900. His remains were brought to WA for reburial in 1903 in the tomb of Carrara marble behind the altar in the church at New Norcia. His rule of New Norcia was followed by that of Abbot Fulgentious Torres, another Spanish brother. He brought with him eleven new recruits and set about transforming the mission station from a small village into a monastic town. He had erected two new boarding schools for the children of Catholic farming families and new accommodation for Aboriginal boarders. He added a campanile to the church. In 1904 he commissioned Teresian Sisters from Spain to run an Aboriginal girl’s orphanage. He invited Josephite Sisters to run the secondary college of St. Gertrude for Girls which was opened in 1908; and he enlisted the Marist Brothers to run St. Ildephonsus College for Boys which opened in 1913. Torres died in a Perth hospital in 1914 and was buried in New Norcia. As the mission expanded other services and structures were added to the settlement including a police station, a hotel, and a Post Office. They complemented the flourmill, the monastery, the abbey, the guesthouse, and the two colleges. Today the settlement also includes the museum and shop. You can walk around the complex and visit the cemetery and see the buildings or you can opt to join a tour of a particular building if available. You can join the monks for prayers in the Abbey Church at 12 pm (free) and you can have lunch in the New Norcia Hotel from noon or the roadhouse. Admission to the Museum, an essential place to visit, is $10 for concessions or $12. The Museum was formerly St. Joseph’s Aboriginal Girls Orphanage. Apart from the museum exhibits on Aboriginal education and the like, the art gallery part has some real treasures, including a cartoon by Renaissance artist Raphael. The European collection is mainly post Renaissance Spanish and Italian art but it has paintings by one Renaissance painter, Guido Reni 1575-1642. In 1986 the gallery was robbed and paintings damaged but they have all been returned and restored now. Such a collection of European art in the browned wheat belt of WA is so anachronistic and such a surprise. You can grab a map and do a 1.7 k walk along the creek if you want but the complex is large and interesting and takes considerable time for a mere amble.
Major Buildings at New Norcia.
The monastery. The current building is located on the site of the original 1847 monastery but it is now much changed and enlarged. This mainly occurred under Abbot Torres between 1903-1914. In the 19th century New Norcia’s Aboriginal population was often around 130 people but by the time of Abbott Torres (1903) this had declined substantially. He saw the need to revitalise the monastic community by adding colleges for farming boys and girls. New Norcia currently has about 10 monks and a workforce of about 50 people including members of several Aboriginal families who still live on the hill overlooking the Benedictine community. There is no access to the monastery which is where the monks live.
The Abbey Church. This fine building was made from local stones, mud plaster and rough-hewn tree trunks and wooden shingles. It opened in 1861 but has been added to several times. Abbot Torres altered the Georgian style of the church in 1908 by giving the façade a Spanish Baroque appearance. The church contains a massive pipe organ brought from Germany. Abbot Salvado’s tomb is in the church and the walls are adorned with European paintings.
St. Ildelphonsus Boys School. Opened in 1913 this boy’s college was of a simpler design than the girl’s college as the monastery was running low on funds by then. It is a revival of a Romanesque style with rounded windows, good symmetry and small turrets along the roofline. The statue in front of the building is of the founder of the Marist Brothers, Blessed Marcellin Champagnat.
St. Gertrude’s Girls School. This Gothic Revival building was opened in 1908. The Josephite sisters used the college as their convent as well. In 1970 the girl’s college amalgamated with the boy’s college as a co-educational boarding college, Salvado College. This in turn ceased operations in 1991. St. Gertrude’s is now used for weekend and conference accommodation.
New Norcia Hotel. Hospitality is an important part of the Benedictine tradition and the word “slave” on the front steps of the hotel means “welcome.” This imposing structure with a massive internal divided staircase was designed by Father Urbane Gimenez and built in 1927 as a hostel for parents visiting their children in either of the two boarding schools in the monastic compound. It is a great and atmospheric place for lunch.
IR version of the view north from the western edge of the North Platform towards the tomb complex, showing how visible it would have been to the west and north west of the site.
Wat Pho (Thai: วัดโพธิ์, IPA: [wát pʰoː]), also spelt Wat Po, is a Buddhist temple complex in the Phra Nakhon District, Bangkok, Thailand. It is on Rattanakosin Island, directly south of the Grand Palace. Known also as the Temple of the Reclining Buddha, its official name is Wat Phra Chetuphon Vimolmangklararm Rajwaramahaviharn (Thai: วัดพระเชตุพนวิมลมังคลารามราชวรมหาวิหาร; rtgs: Wat Phra Chettuphon Wimonmangkhlaram Ratchaworamahawihan; IPA: [wát pʰráʔ tɕʰê:t.tù.pʰon wíʔ.mon.maŋ.kʰlaː.raːm râːt.tɕʰá.wɔː.ráʔ.má.hǎː.wíʔ.hǎːn]). The more commonly known name, Wat Pho, is a contraction its older name Wat Photaram (Thai: วัดโพธาราม; rtgs: Wat Photharam).
The temple is first on the list of six temples in Thailand classed as the highest grade of the first-class royal temples. It is associated with King Rama I who rebuilt the temple complex on an earlier temple site, and became his main temple where some of his ashes are enshrined. The temple was later expanded and extensively renovated by Rama III. The temple complex houses the largest collection of Buddha images in Thailand, including a 46 m long reclining Buddha. The temple was also the earliest centre for public education in Thailand, and still houses a school of Thai medicine. It is known as the birthplace of traditional Thai massage which is still taught and practiced at the temple.
HISTORY
Wat Pho is one of Bangkok's oldest temples. It existed before Bangkok was established as the capital by King Rama I. It was originally named Wat Photaram or Podharam, from which the name Wat Pho is derived. The name refers the monastery of the Bodhi tree in Bodh Gaya, India where Buddha is believed to have attained enlightenment. The older temple is thought to have been built or expanded some time in the reign of King Phetracha (1688–1703) of the Ayuthaya period on an even earlier temple site, but its founder is unknown. After the fall of Ayutthaya to the Burmese, King Taksin moved the capital to Thonburi where he located his palace beside Wat Arun on the opposite side of the river from Wat Pho, and the proximity of Wat Pho to this royal palace elevated it to the status of a wat luang (royal monastery).
In 1782, King Rama I moved the capital from Thonburi across the river to Bangkok and built the Grand Palace adjacent to Wat Pho. In 1788, he ordered the construction and renovation at the old temple site of Wat Pho, which had by then become dilapidated. The site, which was marshy and uneven, was drained and filled in before construction began. During its construction Rama I also initiated a project to remove Buddha images from abandoned temples in Ayutthaya, Sukhothai, as well other sites in Thailand, and many of these Buddha images were kept at Wat Pho. These include the remnants of an enormous Buddha image from Ayuthaya's Wat Phra Si Sanphet destroyed by the Burmese in 1767, and these were incorporated into a chedi in the complex. The rebuilding took over seven years to complete, and 12 years after work began, in 1801, the new temple complex was renamed Phra Chetuphon Vimolmangklavas in reference to the vihara of Jetavana, and became the main temple for Rama I. The complex underwent significant changes in the next 260 years, particularly during the reign of Rama III (1824-1851 CE). In 1832, King Rama III began renovating and enlarging the temple complex, a process that took 16 years and seven months to complete. The ground of the temple complex was expanded to 22 acres, and most of the structures in Wat Pho were either built or rebuilt in this period, including the chapel of the reclining Buddha. He also turned the temple complex into a public center of learning by decorating the walls of the buildings with diagrams and inscriptions on various subjects.:90 These marble inscriptions have received recognition in the Memory of the World Programme launched by UNESCO on 21 February 2008. Wat Pho is regarded as Thailand’s first university and a center for traditional Thai massage. It served as a medical teaching center in the mid-19th century before the advent of modern medicine, and the temple remains a center for traditional medicine today where a private school for Thai medicine founded in 1957 still operates. The name of the complex was changed again to Wat Phra Chetuphon Vimolmangklararm during the reign of King Rama IV. Apart from the construction of a fourth great chedi and minor modifications by Rama IV, there had been no significant changes to Wat Pho since. Repair work, however, is a continuing process, often funded by devotees of the temple. The temple was restored again in 1982 before the Bangkok Bicentennial Celebration.
THE TEMPLE COMPLEX
Wat Pho is one of the largest and oldest wats in Bangkok with an area of 50 rai, 80,000 square metres, and is home to more than one thousand Buddha images, as well as one of the largest single Buddha images at 46 m in length. The Wat Pho complex consists of two walled compounds bisected by Chetuphon Road running in the east–west direction. The larger northern walled compound, the phutthawat, is the part open to visitors and contains the finest buildings dedicated to the Buddha, including the bot with its four directional viharn, and the temple housing the reclining Buddha.< The southern compound, the sankhawat, contains the residential quarters of the monks and a school. The perimeter wall of the main temple complex has sixteen gates, two of which serve as entrances for the public (one on Chetuphon Road, the other near the northwest corner). The temple grounds contain 91 small chedis (stupas or mounds), four great chedis, two belfries, a bot (central shrine), a number of viharas (halls) and other buildings such as pavilions, as well as gardens and a small temple museum. Architecturally the chedis and buildings in the complex are different in style and sizes. A number of large Chinese statues, some of which depict Europeans, are also found within the complex guarding the gates of the perimeter walls as well as other gates within the compound. These stone statues were originally imported as ballast on ships trading with China. Wat Pho was intended to serve as a place of education for the general public. To this end a pictorial encyclopedia was engraved on granite slabs covering eight subject areas, namely history, medicine, health, custom, literature, proverbs, lexicography, and the Buddhist religion. These plaques, inscribed with texts and illustration on medicine, Thai traditional massage, and other subjects, are placed around the temple, for example, within the Sala Rai or satellite open pavilions. Dotted around the complex are 24 small rock gardens (Khao Mor) illustrating rock formations of Thailand, and one, called the Contorting Hermit Hill, contains some statues showing methods of massage and yoga positions. There are also drawings of constellations on the wall of the library, inscriptions on local administration, as well as paintings of folk tales and animal husbandry. These illustrations and inscriptions in Wat Pho have been registered by UNESCO in its Memory of the World Programme set up to promote, preserve and propagate the wisdom of the world heritage.
PHRA UBOSOT
Phra Ubosot (Phra Uposatha) or bot is the ordination hall, the main hall used for performing Buddhist rituals, and the most sacred building of the complex. It was constructed by King Rama I in the Ayuthaya style, and later enlarged and reconstructed in the Rattanakosin style by Rama III. The bot was dedicated in 1791, before the rebuilding of Wat Pho was completed. This building is raised on a marble platform, and the ubosot lies in the center of courtyard enclosed by a double cloister (Phra Rabiang).Inside the ubosot is a gold and crystal three-tiered pedestal topped with a gilded Buddha made of a gold-copper alloy, and over the statue is a nine-tiered umbrella representing the authority of Thailand. The Buddha image, known as Phra Buddha Theva Patimakorn and thought to be from the Ayutthaya period, was moved here by Rama I from Wat Sala Si Na (now called Wat Khuhasawa) in Thonburi. Rama IV later placed some ashes of Rama I under the pedestal of the Buddha image so that the public may pay homage to both Rama I and the Buddha at the same time. There are also ten images of Buddha's disciples in the hall, Moggalana on its left and Sariputta on its right, and a further eight Arahants below. The exterior balustrade surrounding the main hall has around 150 depictions in stone of the epic, Ramakien, the ultimate message of which is transcendence from secular to spiritual dimensions. The stone panels were recovered from a temple in Ayuthaya. The ubosot is enclosed by a low wall called kamphaeng kaew, which is punctuated by gateways guarded by mythological lions, as well as eight structures that house the bai sema stone markers that delineate the sacred space of the bot.
- Phra Rabiang - This double cloister contains around 400 images of Buddha from northern Thailand selected out of the 1,200 originally brought by King Rama I. Of these Buddha images, 150 are located on the inner side of the double cloister, another 244 images are on the outer side. These Buddha figures, some standing and some seated, are evenly mounted on matching gilded pedestals. These images are from different periods, such as Chiangsaen, Sukhothai, U-Thong, and Ayutthaya, but were renovated by Rama I and covered with stucco and gold leaves to make them look similar.
The viharn in the east contains an 8 metre tall standing Buddha, the Buddha Lokanatha, originally from Ayutthaya. In its antechamber is Buddha Maravichai, sitting under a bodhi tree, originally from Sawankhalok of the late Sukhothai period. The one on the west has a seated Buddha sheltered by a naga, the Buddha Chinnasri, while the Buddha on the south, the Buddha Chinnaraja, has five disciples seated in front listening to his first sermon. Both Buddhas were brought from Sukhothai by Rama I. The Buddha in the north viharn called Buddha Palilai was cast in the reign of Rama I. The viharn on the west also contains a small museum.
- Phra Prang - There are four towers, or phra prang, at each corner of the courtyard around the bot. Each of the towers is tiled with marbles and contains four Khmer-style statues which are the guardian divinities of the Four Cardinal Points.
PHRA MAHA CHEDI SI RAJAKARN
This is a group of four large stupas, each 42 metres high. These four chedis are dedicated to the first four Chakri kings. The first, in green mosaic tiles, was constructed by Rama I to house the remnants of the great Buddha from Ayuthaya, which was scorched to remove its gold covering by the Burmese. Two more were built by Rama III, one in white tiles to hold the ashes of his father Rama II, another in yellow for himself. A fourth in blue was built by Rama IV who then enclosed the four chedis leaving no space for more to be built.
VIHARN PHRANORN
The viharn or wihan contains the reclining Buddha and was constructed in the reign of Rama III emulating the Ayutthaya-style. The interior is decorated with panels of mural.
Adjacent to this building is a small raised garden (Missakawan Park) with a Chinese-style pavilion; the centrepiece of the garden is a bodhi tree which was propagated from the Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi tree in Sri Lanka that is believed to have originally came from a tree in India where Buddha sat while awaiting enlightenment.
PHRA MONDOB
Phra Mondob or the ho trai is the Scripture Hall containing a small library of Buddhist scriptures. The building is not generally open to the public as the scriptures which are inscribed on palm leaves need to kept in a controlled environment for preservation. The library was built by Rama III. Guarding its entrance are figures of giants called Yak Wat Pho placed in niches beside the gates. Around Phra Mondob are three pavilions with mural paintings of the beginning of Ramayana.
OTHER STRUCTURES
- Phra Chedi Rai - Outside the Phra Rabiang cloisters are dotted many smaller chedis, called Phra Chedi Rai. Seventy-one of these small chedis were built by Rama III, each five metres in height. There are also four groups of five chedis that shared a single base built by Rama I, one on each corner outside the cloister. The 71 chedis of smaller size contain the ashes of the royal family, and 20 slightly larger ones clustered in groups of five contain the relics of Buddha.
- Sala Karn Parien - This hall is next to the Phra Mondob at the southwest corner of the compound, and is thought to date from the Ayutthaya period. It serves as a learning and meditation hall. The building contains the original Buddha image from the bot which was moved to make way for the Buddha image currently in the bot. Next to it is a garden called The Crocodile Pond.
- Sala Rai - There are 16 satellite pavilions, most of them placed around the edge of the compound, and murals depicting the life of Buddha may be found in some of these. Two of these are the medical pavilions between Phra Maha Chedi Si Ratchakarn and the main chapel. The north medicine pavilion contains Thai traditional massage inscriptions with 32 drawings of massage positions on the walls while the one to the south has a collection of inscriptions on guardian angel that protects the newborn.
- Phra Viharn Kod - This is the gallery which consists of four viharas, one on each corner outside the Phra Rabiang.
- Tamnak Wasukri - Also called the poet's house, this is the former residence of Prince Patriarch Paramanujita Jinorasa, a Thai poet. This building is in the living quarters of the monks in the southern compound and is open once a year on his birthday.
RECLINING BUDDHA
The chapel and the reclining Buddha (Phra Buddhasaiyas, Thai พระพุทธไสยาสน์) were built by Rama III in 1832. The image of the reclining Buddha represents the entry of Buddha into Nirvana and the end of all reincarnations. The posture of the image is referred to as sihasaiyas, the posture of a sleeping or reclining lion. The figure is 15 m high and 46 m long, and it is one of the largest Buddha statues in Thailand. The right arm of the Buddha supports the head with tight curls, which rests on two box-pillows richly encrusted with glass mosaics. The figure has a brick core, which was modelled and shaped with plaster, then gilded.
The soles of the feet of the Buddha are 3 m high and 4.5 m long, and inlaid with mother-of-pearl. They are each divided into 108 arranged panels, displaying the auspicious symbols by which Buddha can be identified, such as flowers, dancers, white elephants, tigers, and altar accessories. At the center of each foot is a circle representing a chakra or energy point. There are 108 bronze bowls in the corridor representing the 108 auspicious characters of Buddha. Visitors may drop coins in these bowls as it is believed to bring good fortune, and it also helps the monks to maintain the wat.
Although the reclining Buddha is not a pilgrimage centre, it remains an object of popular piety. An annual celebration for the reclining Buddha is held around the time of the Siamese Songkran or New Year in April, which also helps raise funds for the upkeep of Wat Pho.
THAI MASSAGE
The temple is considered the first public university of Thailand, teaching students in the fields of religion, science, and literature through murals and sculptures. A school for traditional medicine and massage was established at the temple in 1955, and now offers four courses in Thai medicine: Thai pharmacy, Thai medical practice, Thai midwifery, and Thai massage. This, the Wat Pho Thai Traditional Medical and Massage School, is the first school of Thai medicine approved by the Thai Ministry of Education, and one of the earliest massage schools. It remains the national headquarters and the center of education of traditional Thai medicine and massage to this day. Courses on Thai massage are held in Wat Pho, and these may last a few weeks to a year. Two pavilions at the eastern edge of the Wat Pho compound are used as classrooms for practising Thai traditional massage and herbal massage, and visitors can received massage treatment here for a fee.There are many medical inscriptions and illustrations placed in various buildings around the temple complex, some of which serve as instructions for Thai massage therapists, particularly those in the north medical pavilion. Among these are 60 inscribed plaques, 30 each for the front and back of human body, showing pressure points used in traditional Thai massage. These therapeutic points and energy pathways, known as sen, are engraved on the human figures, with explanations given on the walls next to the plaques. They are based on the principle of energy flow similar to that of Chinese acupuncture. The understanding so far is that the figures represent relationships between anatomical locations and effects produced by massage treatment at those locations, but full research on the diagrams has yet to be completed.
WIKIPEDIA
Crematorium building.
Auschwitz was a concentration camp complex set up by Nazi Germany around the Polish city of Oświęcim (German: Auschwitz) in the annexed part of Poland during World War II. Auschwitz was the largest of all German concentration camps and at the end of the war consisted of Auschwitz I (the base camp (German: Stammlager) southwest of the city), Auschwitz II-Birkenau (the Vernichtungslager (extermination camp) west of the city), Auschwitz III-Monowitz (a labor camp east of the city near the IG Farben factory) and dozens of subcamps.
Approximately 1.3 million people were deported to Auschwitz. Of these, approximately 1.1 million died; the majority of the victims were gassed.
The name Auschwitz has become symbolic of the extermination and concentration camps of the German National Socialists (Nazis) that were built in many places in German-occupied Europe during World War II. Millions of people, mostly Jews, but also people belonging to other ethnic minorities and political prisoners, died in such camps.
The wife bought me the old elevator kit for my birthday and I added a few out buildings I bought at a train show recently. No more structures for the grain complex. Time for landscaping and the fine details
Phuket. 2014
An amazing opportunity to take photos in a place that is very diverse, complex and simple all at the same time.
But, this way of life slowly creeps into your soul and you appreciate its beauty.
Building Complex Delta, room delta 2, west wall from Akrotiri, Thera (Santorini), Greece, 16th century B.C.E. (National Archaeological Museum, Athens)
The Capitol Complex in Chandigarh – the Indian city that gave the architect a chance to test his Modernist theories on a grand scale. These Le Corbusier buildings added to UNESCO's World Heritage list
The Capitol Complex is made up of three concrete buildings and two monuments:
•the Palace of Assembly or Legislative Assembly
•the Secretariat
•the High Court
•the Open Hand sign, a symbol of the government of Chandigarh
•the Tower of Shadows
Le Corbusier built also a large and a small museum and two schools for art and architecture.
Chandigarh was one of India's first planned cities, and was Le Corbusier's largest project.
He was commissioned to design the masterplan in the early 1950s, after being approved by Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first prime minister. The city was to serve as the new independent Indian government's regional capital in Punjab, after the previous capital, Lahore, became part of Pakistan.
"The general feeling seems to be that Le Corbusier took on the task primarily as a way of justifying his theories," wrote the New Yorker in 1955. "He is almost 70, it is pointed out, and thus far most of those theories have been tried only on paper."
Arranged in a grid, the city's districts are connected by boulevards and are dotted with parks, public spaces and streets planted with trees. But it is the group of buildings that form the government's administration complex – known as the Capitol Complex – that have become symbolic of the architect's work in India. Le Corbusier saw the city like a human body, with these buildings functioning as its "head". As with many of his best-known projects, he collaborated with his cousin, architect and designer Pierre Jeanerret, to build and furnish the Capitol Complex as a complete work – creating everything from the facades down to the door handles.
The Secretariat is the largest of the structures, and houses the headquarters of both the Punjab and Haryana governments. The Secretariat houses the ministerial chambers and all ministerial agencies. The massive building is almost 250 metres long and comprises eight storeys of rough-cast concrete. The concrete was moulded into different forms to create complex geometry and patterns, which are highlighted in the paintwork. Ramps at either end allow for vertical circulation through every storey.
The Palace of Assembly was designed to have an open-plan interior, framed by a grid of reinforced concrete columns, offering a view of the nearby Himalayan mountains. The free facade allows it to host large sections of glazing covered in brise-soleils or sun-breaks. Originally the Palace was meant to house only one parliament, but nowadays is is used by both the parliaments of the Punjab and Haryana, so there is less open space left.
The High Court has a double roof that provides shade to the rest of the building and its columns and portico walls are painted in bright, contrasting colours. The upper roof cantilevers out over the lower roof and a gap between the two allows for air to circulate around the building.
This complex featured a Schottenstein's department store (later renamed Value City in 2007), a distribution center, and corporate offices for the now defunct retailer.
3251 Westerville Road, Columbus, Ohio
Visit of Multan.
Local woman.
Visits:
-Tomb of Shah Rukn-e-Alam
-Mausoleum of Baha-ud-Din Zakaria
-Ghanta Ghar Clock Tower
-Shah Shams Tabriz Complex.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mausoleums_of_Multan
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomb_of_Shah_Rukn-e-Alam
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahauddin_Zakariya
Day 04 (25.12.2010)
Chhattisgarh, India
A beautiful Jain temple with some very high detailed architecture which gives essence to the entire structure fro the entrance carvings to the top as they carvings change and additions of features can be seen. A lot of things can be explored here in the temple.
Nikon D7000
Samyang 8mm Fisheye
8mm
t- 1/160 secs
f.11
iso 100
San Martino & Pedamantina - San Martino - Vomero - Naples
The Certosa di San Martino is among the greatest monumental complex of Naples is , by far , one of the most successful examples of Baroque art and architecture along with the Royal Chapel of the Treasure of San Gennaro. It is located on the Vomero hill , next to Castel Sant 'Elmo . In December 2010, the decree n . 851 of the Ministry for Cultural Heritage issued on a proposal from the Superintendent of architectural and landscape heritage of Naples and its province , said the hill on which stands the monastery " national monument " [1] .
Since 1866, the monastery houses the National Museum of San Martino.
The museum entrance on the right and the church of women against
In 1325 , on the top of the hill, Charles, Duke of Calabria , eldest son of Robert of Anjou , erected the monastery. Of the original architectural solution of the factory , built next to the castle of Belforte ( 1325 ) , there remain very few elements : some are recognizable openings in Catalan style with arches that are located in the former refectory , probably used as a serving hatch , came to light in a recent restoration .
The architects who began the construction of the Charterhouse were the same as those who worked in the same years at the castle: Tino Camaino and Francis of Vivo, which succeeded in time to Attanasio Primary and John de Draft. The monastery was inaugurated in 1368, under the reign of Queen Joanna I , but the Carthusians had taken possession of the monastery since 1337.
The church seen from the courtyard
The complex was dedicated to Martin of Tours , probably due to the presence in the place of an ancient pre-existing chapel dedicated to him in the second half of the sixteenth century , under the influence of the Counter- Certosa was modified according to the latest standards and grandiose .
I entered the Carthusian monastery in 1337 and the church , in 1368 , was consecrated in the reign of Joan of Anjou. At the end of the sixteenth century the monastery underwent alterations and extensions in late Mannerist and Baroque style . The works were entrusted to Dosio 1589-1609 which was in fact the first author of most of the changes received from the complex. From 1618 to 1625 the site management passed to Giovan Giacomo di Conforto , while from 1623 to 1656 left his artistic mark Cosimo Fanzago.
In the first half of the eighteenth century, the work went to Tagliacozzi Channel and Domenico Antonio Vaccaro .
In 1799, the Carthusians were expelled for Jacobinism , returned in 1804 and after a while ' ( in 1807 ) were again expelled , in 1836 were again readmitted and finally expelled permanently in 1866 , when the monastery became monumental property owned by the state .
The square, the courtyard and the church
On the square is the church of women 's work Dosio , and decorated with stucco in the seventeenth century. To the right is the ingesso , located in the entrance hall is a coat of arms Angevin . The entrance leads to the courtyard also made from Dosio .
On the left is the church of the fourteenth century remodeled Dosio (which rearranged the five-arched portico with three arches by drawing two chapels ) and Cosimo Fanzago ( who built a serliana facade to mask the previous year) , the top and the walls are of Tagliacozzi Channel .
The space between the façade and serliana there are frescoes by Micco Spadaro , Giovanni Baglione and Belisario Corenzio .
Description of the Interior
Interior of the church
The vault of the
The church has a nave with six chapels ( two of them are communicating with the first right and left) , presents a high level of decoration at the turn of the sixteenth century and the eighteenth century.
Cosimo Fanzago is the author of the barriers of the chapels and the decoration of the chapels of San Bruno and John the Baptist ; always Fanzago are festoons of fruit on the pillars and four marble putti on the arches of the chapels.
The marble floor of the nave is of Brother Bonaventura Presti reused some inlaid marble from Fanzago.
On either side of the entrance there are two statues of the same Fanzago , which however was finished by Alexander Swift , always near the portal are placed two paintings by Jusepe de Ribera and above the portal a deposition by Massimo Stanzione . The ceiling is decorated with a series of paintings by Giovanni Lanfranco that masks the hotels in cruise cover .
Chapels on the right
Chapel of St. Hugh
There are frescoes of Stanzione , Andrea Vaccaro and Belisario Corenzio and sculptures by Matthew Bottigliero . To the right leads to the Chapel of the Rosary, decorated by Domenico Antonio Vaccaro , where there is also a painting by Batts Caracciolo.
Chapel of the Baptist
Decorated by Fanzago , presents paintings by Carlo Maratta , Paolo De Matteis and the Stanzione , and sculptures by Lorenzo Vaccaro , finished by his son Domenico Antonio .
Chapel of St. Martin
There is a decoration of the seventeenth century transformed by Nicola Tagliacozzi Channel in the eighteenth century . The chapel is embellished with statues by Giuseppe Sammartino , frescoes by Paolo Finoglio , while the two lateral paintings are the work of Francesco Solimena.
Chapels on the left
Chapel of San Gennaro
Decorated with inlaid marble of the early seventeenth century , has frescoes and paintings by Batts Caracciolo, and high-reliefs and statues of Domenico Antonio Vaccaro . To the right leads to the Chapel of St. Joseph, decorated by the same Domenico Vaccaro .
Chapel of San Bruno
Fanzaghiana and pictorial decoration of Stanzione and statues of Lorenzo Vaccaro ( completed by his son Domenico Antonio ) . Also by Lorenzo Vaccaro is the floor and two marble angels .
chapel of the Assumption
It is decorated secententesca completed by Nicola Tagliacozzi Channel , on the ' altar and the walls are paintings by Francesco De Mura, in the vault frescoes by Batts Caracciolo , statues by Giuseppe Sammartino . To the right leads to the Chapel of St. Nicholas with frescoes by Belisario Corenzio and a painting of Pacecco De Rosa.
The presbytery and apse
The balustrade of the main altar (G. Sammartino on design Tagliacozzi Channel )
In the presbytery , in front of the altar , there is a balustrade made of semiprecious stones design Tagliacozzi Channel . The altar is instead based on a design by Francesco Solimena.
The apse has a marble floor and a magnificent wooden choir Fanzago of 1629 . On the back wall are placed statues of Bernini and Pietro Giovanni Battista Caccini and a Nativity of Guido Reni. The frescoes are by Cavalier d' Arpino and Giovanni Lanfranco . On the right wall there are frescoes of Stanzione , Carletto Caliari , in the left the frescoes are by Jusepe de Ribera and Caracciolo Batts .
Other areas of the complex
Chapter Room
In the Chapter House there are frescoes by Belisario Corenzio , Paul Finoglio , Batts Caracciolo , Massimo Stanzione and Francesco de Mura .
Parlour (or Choir Conversi )
Choir Conversi
There are views of the monastery and Gothic tapestries on which are painted Bible stories , a monumental washstand of Cosimo Fanzago and in the lower part of the room instead there is the presence of the sixteenth-century wooden choir inlaid .
Chapel of Mary Magdalene
The chapel is frescoed with prospects and the altar is a painting by Andrea Vaccaro .
sacristy
Sacristy and the Chapel of the Treasury
The sacristy is decorated with frescoes in the vault of the Cavalier d' Arpino while below there are inlaid furniture securities at the end of the sixteenth century. On the two walls there are a Crucifixion of Cavalier d'Arpino , an Ecce Homo of Stanzione and a Denial of Peter Caravaggio school .
The frescoes in the chapel seats in the passage of the Treasury worked instead Massimo Stanzione , Luca Giordano, Paolo De Matteis and Micco Spadaro .
The Chapel of the Treasury is instead painted by Luca Giordano , with the Triumph of Judith and stories from the Old Testament ( about 1703 ) . There are also furniture securities at the end of the seventeenth century of Monte Gennaro , an altar of 1610 of John Selino and finally the famous Pietà by Jusepe de Ribera.
cloisters
Main article: For more, see the Cloisters of San Martino .
Access to the cloister of the convent
The cloisters of St. Martin are two : the cloister of the prosecutors and the big one.
The Cloister of the prosecutors was designed by Dosio . The action plan is the corridor leading to the dining hall of the eighteenth century designed by Nicola Tagliacozzi Channel . At the center is a well piperno .
The cloister were designed by Dosio was redone by Fanzago who made the half pilasters at the corners of the ambulatory , the busts on the seven gates are of the same Fanzago , except for two that are the work of Domenico Antonio Vaccaro . The balustrade of the cemetery of the monks of Cosimo Fanzago who created a pattern with skulls and bones. At the center is a well sculpted marble from Dosio .
Museum
Main article: Main article: Museum of San Martino .
Inside the monastery there is the Museo di San Martino , where there are different works ranging from Borbonic to the post-unification period .
For example, numerous plates of artists such as José de Ribera , Luca Giordano, Francesco De Mura and Batts Caracciolo, as well as important paintings from the Risorgimento period of Naples and the school boards of Posillipo.
Of particular interest are the Capodimonte porcelain and art crib that the museum . In the monastery are located Finally, several sculptures by Pietro Bernini, such as the Madonna and Child with St. John the Baptist and a table , recently acquired by the Italian State , of historical importance with regard to the urban evolution of the city: the Tavola Strozzi .
On January 3rd, 2018, Theresa and Doc Holiday. a Male Golden Retriever practiced maneuvers with Candy and Molly, a Female Rough Coat Collie at the Sports Complex in Rio Rancho, NM.
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Another view of the Aspire Zone Stadium complex ... here is Saboog, one of the Mascots of the 2011 Asian Cup football championship ... The mascots are Jerboas, a rodent found in the deserts of Qatar ...
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Date Shot: 1/7/2011
Nikon D7000
Nikon AF-S 14-24mm F/2.8G at 24mm
F/7.1, 1/40s, -0.3EV
Aperture Priority
Matrix Metering
ISO 800
I caught the first rays of sunlight this morning as they poked between a couple of buildings over on Erie Street, toward the right. This spot is in the middle of the big complex of stuff owned by Northwestern University. Northwestern's main campus is up in Evanston, but the Law School and the Medical School are down here, and there's a big hospital complex with five or six different buildings. I spent a bunch of time down here a decade ago, mostly in a building right behind me.
I don't think the old building on the other side of this field is owned by Northwestern, though the university medical school does have a couple of departments in there. That's 680 N. Lake Shore, built in 1926 as the American Furniture Mart. Between 1988 and 2012, the corporate headquarters of Playboy magazine and related entities was located there, and there was a sign with a bunny head over one of the entrances. I never saw anybody naked down here though. I just wandered through for the articles.
The empty field between me and 680 used to be the site of the architecturally significant Prentice Women's Hospital, which was designed by cutting edge modernist architect Bertrand Goldberg and completed in 1975. Prentice was part of the Northwestern complex, and the same urge that pushed them to get Bertrand Goldberg to design one of their buildings in the '70s pushed them to replace the whole thing with a furturistic high-tech glass building in the 2010s. Northwestern likes to present itself as one of the nation's most advanced medical institutions, but by the middle of the last decade, the Prentice Building was very old, and the unique architecture made it impossible to update. For one thing, they couldn't wire it to handle the kind of high-speed data they wanted. So in 2014, they tore old Prentice down and built a new Prentice next door. There was much wailing and gnashing of preservationist teeth amongst Chicago's architecture nerds over this, but I got to see the innards of old Prentice a few times before they bombed it, and I saw Northwestern's point. The fact that the site of old Prentice is still nothing but a field of goldenrod behind a fence really eats at the nerves of a lot of people I know, though.