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Taking a break from my project The Tribunal (at philipus.com) with this – a lone tree in the centre of Stockholm.
I've passed this spot so many times over the years and always wanted to photograph it at night. The location is literally a stone's throw from a central square, the Sergels Torg (which can be reached through the passage behind the tree).
During one of my trips back home to Sweden during the pandemic I finally had occasion to go there at night and photograph it with my Hasselblad. I like the contrast between the brutalist surroundings and the organic form of the tree. It's a living–dead contrast in some way. I'm also happy that several windows were lit. It's as if the city itself is peering cautiously at this peculiar being that's sprung up from its concrete floor.
PS. I wanted to take this opportunity to mention The Hasselblad Film Gallery which I am running on Instagram to showcase great analog Hasselblad photography. If you're on the 'Gram and shoot with these wonderful cameras, do please stop by (the link is below) and tag your photos with #hasselbladfilmgallery. Warm welcome :)
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
#120film #Mediumformat #HasselbladFlextightX1 #40DistagonCFE #Hasselblad #Hasselblad203FE #KodakEktar100 #stockholm #sverige #sweden #tree #city #night #longexposure #6x6
While we're down in the basement of the ICTY, and specifically in the space that holds the old generator, I thought it could be interesting to show this. This is the kind of photo that, perhaps even more than the one of the old generator, speaks of a world that was very different than today's.
I'm not thinking of the fact that there's a sort of phone kiosk or station on the wall. In a technical room. Inhabited pretty much only by a massive diesel beast. I'm thinking of the fact that when the building was constructed in the 1950s such a thing had to be put up as well because it just went with a telephone.
I doubt very much that it had anything to do with the noise level that would have been heard in this room when the generator was running. This – sounds, or rather their absence – is another aspect that I like about this photo. The noises which once inhabited this space, be it from the generator or from the technicians who placed calls from this kiosk.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
#120film #Mediumformat #Individualcriminalresponsibility #Genocide #Crimesagainsthumanity #Warcrimes #HasselbladFlextightX1 #40DistagonCFE #Hasselblad #Hasselblad203FE #KodakEktar100 #Balkans #FormerYugoslavia #ICTY #TheHague #TheNetherlands #DenHaag #Nederland #Ukraine #internationalcriminallaw #internationalhumanrightslaw #internationalhumanitarianlaw #lawofarmedconflict #loac #ihl #icl #ihr
I initially called the previous photo "The generators", because that's what everyone called them. Such is life in a building full of lawyers, apples turn into oranges, and oranges into, well something else. They were actually boilers and I've renamed the photo.
Here, however, is a diesel generator. This one came with the building and has therefore stood on this spot since the mid-1950s. It was maintained by the Facilities Management Unit and fully working, because that's how it should be. It wasn't in service though.
Since I published this photo project during the summer many former colleagues have been in touch with very positive reactions. And many of them have reacted with incredulity seeing this beast, like a metal rhinoceros, apparently chained to the floor.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
#120film #Mediumformat #Individualcriminalresponsibility #Genocide #Crimesagainsthumanity #Warcrimes #HasselbladFlextightX1 #40DistagonCFE #Hasselblad #Hasselblad203FE #KodakEktar100 #Balkans #FormerYugoslavia #ICTY #TheHague #TheNetherlands #DenHaag #Nederland #Ukraine #internationalcriminallaw #internationalhumanrightslaw #internationalhumanitarianlaw #lawofarmedconflict #loac #ihl #icl #ihr
The main technical room was undoubtedly this one, located half a level below the main basement floor of the ICTY building on Churchillplein 1 in The Hague. The room was visible through two large windows in a curved corridor just beyond the grey doors in the background of this image.
I always found it mesmerising to walk through that corridor and see these massive beasts put on display in a sort of glass cage.
The boilers were also powerful beasts. Sometimes the whole building would shake when they for some reason coughed. At least that is what staff members thought happened.
There was also an old generator in another technical room, but we'll save that for another time.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
#120film #Mediumformat #Individualcriminalresponsibility #Genocide #Crimesagainsthumanity #Warcrimes #HasselbladFlextightX1 #40DistagonCFE #Hasselblad #Hasselblad203FE #KodakEktar100 #Balkans #FormerYugoslavia #ICTY #TheHague #TheNetherlands #DenHaag #Nederland #Ukraine #internationalcriminallaw #internationalhumanrightslaw #internationalhumanitarianlaw #lawofarmedconflict #loac #ihl #icl #ihr
Continuing our walkabout at the Int. Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia – the ICTY – we are now in Prosecution Trial Support, which was a very important section. At the height of the ICTY's work, with up to TEN parallel trials (and several ongoing appeals), this space was always teeming with activity. Staff here were vital to prepare and manage the Prosecution's evidence during the exceptionally voluminous cases at the ICTY.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
#120film #Mediumformat #Individualcriminalresponsibility #Genocide #Crimesagainsthumanity #Warcrimes #HasselbladFlextightX1 #40DistagonCFE #Hasselblad #Hasselblad203FE #KodakEktar100 #Balkans #FormerYugoslavia #ICTY #TheHague #TheNetherlands #DenHaag #Nederland #Ukraine #internationalcriminallaw #internationalhumanrightslaw #internationalhumanitarianlaw #lawofarmedconflict #loac #ihl #icl #ihr
This guard booth was located at the back entrance to the ICTY, called the North Gate because it was located at the northern point of the building (more or less). Most staff members would enter here because this is where the large bicycle parking lot was located (just behind the camera in this photo). The vast majority of the employees cycled to work. It's one of the great benefits of The Hague.
The booth had a heater which was very useful in the colder half of the year which is dominated in The Netherlands by chilly and rainy weather. Even if it won't often go into the negative centigrades it will be cold to stand still in a guard booth.
The camera was connected to the Security Control Centre which oversaw the premises' security system. The orange barrel was meant to be used in the event of suspected bomb threats.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
#120film #Mediumformat #Individualcriminalresponsibility #Genocide #Crimesagainsthumanity #Warcrimes #HasselbladFlextightX1 #40DistagonCFE #Hasselblad #Hasselblad203FE #KodakEktar100 #Balkans #FormerYugoslavia #ICTY #TheHague #TheNetherlands #DenHaag #Nederland #Ukraine #internationalcriminallaw #internationalhumanrightslaw #internationalhumanitarianlaw #lawofarmedconflict #loac #ihl #icl #ihr
This corridor ran along the curved front facade of the ICTY's building on Churchillplein 1 in The Hague. There were offices of IT staff and interpreters here. There were also a few training rooms in this corridor where language classes were given. Staff members could take French and Bosnian-Croatian-Serbian, or BCS for short, for free.
Only French and English were the official languages of the ICTY, as a United Nations institution. In light of the fact that everyone employed by the ICTY spoke English questions were sometimes raised about interpretation and translation into French, which were seen by some as unnecessary. In any event, the proceedings were also interpreted into BCS, and evidence and written material, such as party submissions and decisions, were translated into it, too. If an accused spoke another language, such as Albanian, then interpretation and translation into that language would be done.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
#120film #Mediumformat #Individualcriminalresponsibility #Genocide #Crimesagainsthumanity #Warcrimes #HasselbladFlextightX1 #40DistagonCFE #Hasselblad #Hasselblad203FE #KodakEktar100 #Balkans #FormerYugoslavia #ICTY #TheHague #TheNetherlands #DenHaag #Nederland #Ukraine #internationalcriminallaw #internationalhumanrightslaw #internationalhumanitarianlaw #lawofarmedconflict #loac #ihl #icl #ihr
I recently posted a photo of the old lift, the one with the golden doors. This is the motor that made that lift move.
One of the most interesting parts of this photo project was that I got to visit many of the technical rooms to which almost none of the staff members had access. And almost nobody knew they existed even. Only those working in certain parts of the institution, such as the Facilities Management Unit and Security, ever went to these rooms. Most of these rooms have never before been photographed.
To access this lift motor, it was necessary to open a nondescript hatch in a wall in the middle of an office landscape in the Prosecution area of the building. Much like the door in the lobby that led down to the underground holding cells this hatch was hidden in plain sight. Behind the hatch was a long narrow passage and then suddenly around the corner was this space, which was dominated by the motor. It was still working perfectly as it was carefully looked after and regularly maintained.
Incidentally, in case it is of interest I've written a short piece on my site about some technical aspects of this photo project.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
#120film #Mediumformat #Individualcriminalresponsibility #Genocide #Crimesagainsthumanity #Warcrimes #HasselbladFlextightX1 #40DistagonCFE #Hasselblad #Hasselblad203FE #KodakEktar100 #Balkans #FormerYugoslavia #ICTY #TheHague #TheNetherlands #DenHaag #Nederland #Ukraine #internationalcriminallaw #internationalhumanrightslaw #internationalhumanitarianlaw #lawofarmedconflict #loac #ihl #icl #ihr
The purpose of the cellblocks within the Tribunal building was to hold the detainees during breaks in the court proceedings. It was not to detain them overnight which explains their exceptionally spartan appearance. The individual cells had one or several sets of two chairs and a table, all firmly attached to the floor. The cells had ordinary doors. Only the passage leading to the central cellblock area had solid security doors.
More photos of the individual cells can be seen on my Instagram.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
#120film #Mediumformat #Individualcriminalresponsibility #Genocide #Crimesagainsthumanity #Warcrimes #HasselbladFlextightX1 #40DistagonCFE #Hasselblad #Hasselblad203FE #KodakEktar100 #Balkans #FormerYugoslavia #ICTY #TheHague #TheNetherlands #DenHaag #Nederland #Ukraine #internationalcriminallaw #internationalhumanrightslaw #internationalhumanitarianlaw #lawofarmedconflict #loac #ihl #icl #ihr
My new photo project is now live at philipus.com | The Tribunal. Warm welcome to have a look. I will present and comment on a selection of the images here as well as at my instagram below.
This is the rotunda in the lobby on Churchillplein 1 in The Hague, which housed the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) 1993-2017. Through this space one accessed Courtroom 1 and Courtroom 3. The public gallery of Courtroom 1 is behind the brown wall that can be seen across the rotunda. The building is today used by the successor organisation the IRMCT. Courtroom 3 does not exist any longer, but has been turned into meeting rooms.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
#120film #Mediumformat #Individualcriminalresponsibility #Genocide #Crimesagainsthumanity #Warcrimes #HasselbladFlextightX1 #40DistagonCFE #Hasselblad #Hasselblad203FE #KodakEktar100 #Balkans #FormerYugoslavia #ICTY #TheHague #TheNetherlands #DenHaag #Nederland #Ukraine #internationalcriminallaw #internationalhumanrightslaw #internationalhumanitarianlaw #lawofarmedconflict #loac #ihl #icl #ihr
The main cellblock had a circular shape. It was located straight underneath the rotunda and within the building's fortified centre. As can be seen through the doorways a corridor ran around this space from which the several holding cells fanned out.
The cellblock was accessible to those who needed access, such as Security Officers and the Facilities Management Unit. And of course to defence counsel and their teams, though they would normally access it together with their clients from the courtrooms through the many hidden corridors that ran in the walls of the building.
The accused and the convicted persons, who were either appealing sentences or awaiting transfer after final judgement, were held overnight in the United Nations Detention Unit located within a Dutch prison in the Scheveningen part of The Hague.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
#120film #Mediumformat #Individualcriminalresponsibility #Genocide #Crimesagainsthumanity #Warcrimes #HasselbladFlextightX1 #40DistagonCFE #Hasselblad #Hasselblad203FE #KodakEktar100 #Balkans #FormerYugoslavia #ICTY #TheHague #TheNetherlands #DenHaag #Nederland #Ukraine #internationalcriminallaw #internationalhumanrightslaw #internationalhumanitarianlaw #lawofarmedconflict #loac #ihl #icl #ihr
Before we go to the all the other interesting areas in the building on Churchillplein 1 in The Hague, let us have a look at the quite imposing lobby which can be glimpsed on the previous photo.
The building was designed by Ad van der Steur and originally constructed in the 1950s as the new headquarters of the Eerste Nederlandsche (later de Nieuwe Eerste Nederlandsche) insurance bank. Its first headquarters had been destroyed during an air raid during the Second World War. The building is protected as a monument in the Netherlands which added complexity to the Tribunal's operations since there were limits to how much it could be adjusted.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
#120film #Mediumformat #Individualcriminalresponsibility #Genocide #Crimesagainsthumanity #Warcrimes #HasselbladFlextightX1 #40DistagonCFE #Hasselblad #Hasselblad203FE #KodakEktar100 #Balkans #FormerYugoslavia #ICTY #TheHague #TheNetherlands #DenHaag #Nederland #Ukraine #internationalcriminallaw #internationalhumanrightslaw #internationalhumanitarianlaw #lawofarmedconflict #loac #ihl #icl #ihr
This was the Security Control Centre – the central hub of the Security and Safety Section's activities. This section was a key organisational component of the ICTY's operations with wide-ranging responsibilities.
In a previous photo I showed the guard booth at the North Gate. 24/7 perimeter and premises security was however but one of the UN Security Officer's many tasks. In addition to guarding accused and convicted persons while they were on the ICTY premises, they responded to calls for assistance. This could range from serious accidents to mundane matters, such as staff members having forgotten the keys to their offices. The Security Officers regularly conducted drills and exercises to ensure a continuously high level of readiness.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
#120film #Mediumformat #Individualcriminalresponsibility #Genocide #Crimesagainsthumanity #Warcrimes #HasselbladFlextightX1 #40DistagonCFE #Hasselblad #Hasselblad203FE #KodakEktar100 #Balkans #FormerYugoslavia #ICTY #TheHague #TheNetherlands #DenHaag #Nederland #Ukraine #internationalcriminallaw #internationalhumanrightslaw #internationalhumanitarianlaw #lawofarmedconflict #loac #ihl #icl #ihr
The main cellblock's design was clearly inspired by Bentham's thoughts on the panopticon. In practice, however, it was not used in that manner since the area would have more than one Security Officer present.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
#120film #Mediumformat #Individualcriminalresponsibility #Genocide #Crimesagainsthumanity #Warcrimes #HasselbladFlextightX1 #40DistagonCFE #Hasselblad #Hasselblad203FE #KodakEktar100 #Balkans #FormerYugoslavia #ICTY #TheHague #TheNetherlands #DenHaag #Nederland #Ukraine #internationalcriminallaw #internationalhumanrightslaw #internationalhumanitarianlaw #lawofarmedconflict #loac #ihl #icl #ihr
Courtroom 3 was inaugurated on 12 June 1998 and built with funds provided by the Netherlands and the United States of America, which respectively donated USD 1,65 million and USD 1 million. It was by far the ICTY's largest courtroom.
This image was shot from the Audio/Video booth where an A/V Director would control the six cameras that covered the proceedings from different angles.
Courtroom 3 no longer exists in the building on Churchillplein 1 but has been turned into meeting rooms.
From my project The Tribunal (at philipus.com), which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
#120film #Mediumformat #Individualcriminalresponsibility #Genocide #Crimesagainsthumanity #Warcrimes #HasselbladFlextightX1 #40DistagonCFE #Hasselblad #Hasselblad203FE #KodakEktar100 #Balkans #FormerYugoslavia #ICTY #TheHague #TheNetherlands #DenHaag #Nederland #Ukraine #internationalcriminallaw #internationalhumanrightslaw #internationalhumanitarianlaw #lawofarmedconflict #loac #ihl #icl #ihr
It was sometimes necessary to photograph artefacts in order to use them at the ICTY. This could be done here using the strobes. The safe contained particularly dangerous or sensitive pieces of evidence, like weapons. The mockup to the right was used during trial to give judges a better understanding of the terrain.
From my project The Tribunal (at philipus.com), which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
#120film #Mediumformat #Individualcriminalresponsibility #Genocide #Crimesagainsthumanity #Warcrimes #HasselbladFlextightX1 #40DistagonCFE #Hasselblad #Hasselblad203FE #KodakEktar100 #Balkans #FormerYugoslavia #ICTY #TheHague #TheNetherlands #DenHaag #Nederland #Ukraine #internationalcriminallaw #internationalhumanrightslaw #internationalhumanitarianlaw #lawofarmedconflict #loac #ihl #icl #ihr
This was the meeting room of Chambers, the judicial section of the ICTY.
If you took a hard left outside the open door you'd see the entrance to the Chambers area where the judges had their offices. Turn right and you'd see the back entrance to Courtroom 1. I'll show these areas later on in this virtual walk-through of the ICTY.
This room was quite fancy, with the big wooden table and ditto interior. It was also considerably smaller than M396.
This room has seen the deliberations in most of the judgements that the ICTY issued, that is, the meticulous and very time-consuming discussions between judges and their legal team on weighing the evidence and assessing the parties' arguments on facts and law. This room has also seen representatives of Chambers, the Prosecution and the Defence meet to iron out issues and ensure smooth trial preparations. Innumerable team meetings have taken place here as well as meetings of the principals the three organs of the ICTY – the President, the Prosecutor and the Registrar.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
#120film #Mediumformat #Individualcriminalresponsibility #Genocide #Crimesagainsthumanity #Warcrimes #HasselbladFlextightX1 #40DistagonCFE #Hasselblad #Hasselblad203FE #KodakEktar100 #Balkans #FormerYugoslavia #ICTY #TheHague #TheNetherlands #DenHaag #Nederland #Ukraine #internationalcriminallaw #internationalhumanrightslaw #internationalhumanitarianlaw #lawofarmedconflict #loac #ihl #icl #ihr
Let's now visit the courtrooms. On a previous photo I showed the rotunda, which was located off the lobby area. Here is a ground-level view of the entrance. To visit the public galleries of Courtrooms 1 and 3 you would go through this security check point. The public gallery of Courtroom 1 can be seen in the upper half of this image.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
#120film #Mediumformat #Individualcriminalresponsibility #Genocide #Crimesagainsthumanity #Warcrimes #HasselbladFlextightX1 #40DistagonCFE #Hasselblad #Hasselblad203FE #KodakEktar100 #Balkans #FormerYugoslavia #ICTY #TheHague #TheNetherlands #DenHaag #Nederland #Ukraine #internationalcriminallaw #internationalhumanrightslaw #internationalhumanitarianlaw #lawofarmedconflict #loac #ihl #icl #ihr
The Evidence Vault had a few main areas and this office space was adjacent to one of them. In addition to computer workstations with certain specific software installed, there was a high-capacity document scanner used to digitise documents. The map on the window shows killing and other incidents in the Srebrenica area of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
From my project The Tribunal (at philipus.com), which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
#120film #Mediumformat #Individualcriminalresponsibility #Genocide #Crimesagainsthumanity #Warcrimes #HasselbladFlextightX1 #40DistagonCFE #Hasselblad #Hasselblad203FE #KodakEktar100 #Balkans #FormerYugoslavia #ICTY #TheHague #TheNetherlands #DenHaag #Nederland #Ukraine #internationalcriminallaw #internationalhumanrightslaw #internationalhumanitarianlaw #lawofarmedconflict #loac #ihl #icl #ihr
The same perimeter fence that can be seen in the previous photo can be seen here. In addition, there is a guard post with a com-box and several types of security cameras, all of which feed video to the Security Control Centre shown earlier.
Another interesting detail in this photo is the rectangular blueish structure in the middle. This is where accused and convicted persons were brought by the Dutch authorities which transported them from the United Nations Detention Unit located in a wing of a Dutch prison. This also explains the gate in the fence; the transport vehicle exited this way.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
#120film #Mediumformat #Individualcriminalresponsibility #Genocide #Crimesagainsthumanity #Warcrimes #HasselbladFlextightX1 #40DistagonCFE #Hasselblad #Hasselblad203FE #KodakEktar100 #Balkans #FormerYugoslavia #ICTY #TheHague #TheNetherlands #DenHaag #Nederland #Ukraine #internationalcriminallaw #internationalhumanrightslaw #internationalhumanitarianlaw #lawofarmedconflict #loac #ihl #icl #ihr
The Medical Unit was located in the basement of the ICTY's Main Building on Churchillplein 1 in The Hague. To reach it one had to walk through a series of long corridors and a door that was always closed. The unit consisted of a Senior Medical Officer, who was a medical doctor, and an Occupational Health Nurse who could also help with work-related injuries. There was also a Staff Welfare Officer and a secretary.
This was the examination room, which was equipped to deal with minor or non-complicated injuries. Staff could for instance have the annual flu shot here.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
#120film #Mediumformat #Individualcriminalresponsibility #Genocide #Crimesagainsthumanity #Warcrimes #HasselbladFlextightX1 #40DistagonCFE #Hasselblad #Hasselblad203FE #KodakEktar100 #Balkans #FormerYugoslavia #ICTY #TheHague #TheNetherlands #DenHaag #Nederland #Ukraine #internationalcriminallaw #internationalhumanrightslaw #internationalhumanitarianlaw #lawofarmedconflict #loac #ihl #icl #ihr
From the technical rooms we now go to a meeting room. This was M396, the biggest meeting room at the ICTY. The past tense is particularly accurate here since this meeting room no longer exists.
M stood for the Main building, by which was meant the triangular and architecturally protected building on Churchillplein 1. It was necessary to mention because for a while the institution also had an Admin building, located around the corner from the Main building, and a Beach building, predictably located near the beach in Scheveningen. The number 3 meant that it was on the third floor, and 96 was the room number on that floor.
M396 was located in the Prosecution zone of the building to which only staff members in the Office of the Prosecutor had access. But access rights were set up in such a way that staff from other sections of the institution could get to this meeting room with their UN badges. It was an exception to the otherwise very strict access regime in use in the building so that other sections of the institution could hold large staff meetings etc.
This photo shows the view from one of the two interpreters' booths. These were manned by staff from the cadre of exceptionally talented interpreters that the ICTY used. The curved ceiling lights show that M396 was located at the front of the building, along the curved facade.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
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While we're on the topic of security and safety, this is the perimeter fence around the old ICTY premises on Churchillplein 1. Exceptionally well-guarded and surrounded by different kinds of all-seeing cameras which fed video to the Control Centre in the previous photo. The perimeter was also regularly patrolled by Security Officers.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
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As can be seen here the main cellblock of the Tribunal had a symmetrical design. This is the view to the left from the middle of the central space. It is almost indistinguishable from the previous photo, where the cells are viewed head on from the entrance to the cellblock.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
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The Tribunal's lobby was curved because it followed the front facade of the building. This, together with the several large Doric pillars and the vast marble floor, added to the lobby's impressive appearance.
The three television screens streamed the court proceedings, one for each courtroom. There was a 30-minute delay in the streaming to allow for the possibility to redact the stream in the event that confidential information had accidentally been revealed during the hearings.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
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This was the space behind the main room used by Defence counsel and their teams shown in the previous photo. At its most active the ICTY ran ten trials and several appeals cases in parallel. It goes without saying that there were not enough work stations in these two rooms for the team members of the many defence teams that would be in the building at any given point in time.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
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This view of M396 shows the room's layout better than the previous photo. It was a large space but even so it sometimes did not have enough seats for very large meetings.
The two interpreters' booths can be seen in the background.
Throughout the building large ceiling lights of the kind seen here were used. They tended to create an unpleasant hospital-like somewhat cold light.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
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This was not the way to get to Courtroom 1. Instead the identical passage across the rotunda was used to channel visitors to the public gallery.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
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Accused would stand up when addressing the judges, except for Slobodan Milosevic who did not. Most importantly, accused would rise when the judges were about to pronounce their sentences.
This is the view from the same seat as in the previous photograph, but standing up. This is what an accused person would see upon being sentenced, possibly up to the remainder of his or her life. They might of course also be declared not guilty. ICTY convicted 90 persons and acquitted 19.
This is also the view that Slobodan Praljak, a Bosnian Croat general, saw as he drank a vial of poison during the sentencing proceedings in the Prlic et al case. He had just been given a prison sentence of 20 years for his role in the massive crimes committed by Croat and Bosnian Croat forces against Bosniaks in the break-out region of Herceg-Bosna.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
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These days, when there is a lot in media about Russia's awful behaviour in Ukraine and widespread and systematic atrocities against civilians, it feels right to continue to post photos from the project I made at the UN International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia. This photo shows the accused's bench in Courtroom 1, where for instance the trial against the former Serbian president Slobodan Milosevic was held.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
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The Prosecution's Evidence Vault at the ICTY was meticulously organised, which was crucial in light of the amount of evidence stored there. The vault was located in the central, fortified part of the building, in which also Courtroom 2 and the archives were located.
From my project The Tribunal (at philipus.com), which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
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The public gallery of Courtroom 1 at the ICTY. The courtroom spanned the length of the public gallery and depending on where one was sitting it was difficult to see the proceedings. These were therefore also shown on the television screens, in each corner of this area. Before taking a seat visitors would need to pick up a receiver for the headphones from a charging station behind the brown wall. Certain seats were reserved ("D") for distinguished visitors, such as those of the diplomatic corps. At the far end of this space were seats reserved for the media. All blue seats were for other visitors.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
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This photo shows the entrance to the examination room of the ICTY's Medical Unit. The corridor I mentioned in the previous photo can be glimpsed too. The entrance to the Senior Medical Officer's office was to the immediate left outside this door.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
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This shows the Prosecution side in Courtroom 3 at the ICTY. The wooden podium was used by the counsel questioning the witness or making oral submissions. The A/V booth, down in the previous photo, can be seen at left. I'm the background are interpreters' booths.
Courtroom 3 no longer exists in the building on Churchillplein 1 but has been turned into meeting rooms.
From my project The Tribunal (at philipus.com), which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution.
___________________
philipus.com
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
@_philipus
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If you entered this inconspicuous door, squeezed in between a large plant and a television screen, you would come to some stairs leading underground to the main cellblock of the Tribunal.
The cellblock was located within the fortified central part of the building, directly underneath the rotunda. The fortified centre went through the building vertically and it is where several other key areas were located, like the archives, the Prosecution's evidence vault and Courtroom 2.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
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Let's now leave the medical sphere and jump into the legal domain. This was the defence room, which was used by defence counsel and members of their teams while they were at the ICTY premises.
As is the case in most domestic legal systems, accused or (on appeal) convicted persons were represented by lawyers who either worked individually or were employed by law firms. They therefore did not have offices at the tribunal premises, like members of the Prosecution did. This space was provided to enable defence counsel and their teams to work while they were in the building. Such work could be, for instance, to support counsel in-court with quick searches into the evidence or jurisprudence.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
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Here is a better view of the security check in the rotunda. Visitors had to put all metal items through the X-ray machine and then walk through the grey gate. Similar security check points were located at the main entrances of the building.
Staff members were used to this procedure which they usually underwent more than once per day. But visitors were not so this checkpoint was often a bottleneck for larger groups of visitors. For every person that beeped when passing through the gate the Security Officer would use a hand-held metal detector.
Portraits of current and former judges adorned the walls of the rotunda.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
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After having gone through security at the Main Gate of the Tribunal visitors would come to this, the reception desk. It was manned by one or two UN Security Officers. In exchange of an ID-card, which was kept in a little plastic box, each visitor received a badge to be worn visibly during the visit.
The Braille-like dots on the wall are spikes that held large letters which spelled out the Tribunal's name, here in English. It was in French on the wall at the other end of the lobby. These were the official languages of the institution. At the time of photography in this area, in late 2017, the letters had been removed even though the Tribunal formally ceased to exist only on the last day of that year.
I have included more photos from the lobby on my main Instagram account below.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
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This was the office of the ICTY's Senior Medical Officer, who had wide-ranging responsibilities. The primary responsibility was to maintain the institution's occupational health and medical service, which included staff members' pre-placement examinations, sick leave management and supervision of clinical activities, including walk-in consultations.
The Senior Medical Officer also had a lead role in developing the institution's medical policies and implementing them both at the HQ in The Hague and the institution's field offices, and was responsible for liaising with the UN HQ Medical Services Division and health care providers in The Netherlands. Lastly, the Senior Medical Officer managed the Medical Unit's staff.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
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A fact that was little known to most staff members at the ICTY was that there was actually a gym in the basement. It was little known simply because only those working in the Security and Safety Section had access to it. As this and the following images will show it was rather large and well equipped, as indicated by this dumbell collection.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
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We are still in M177, the meeting room that belonged to Chambers, or the judicial section of the ICTY. This image shows the rather odd wood panel (seen on the previous photo) more clearly. Only one wall had this design, which was actually a combined wall cover and cabinets.
As you can see there were two kinds of chairs, the bright red ones being slightly more comfortable than the burgundy-coloured ones to the right. Regardless of which type one sat in there was a high likelihood that it would creak very annoyingly as soon as one shifted a bit in the seat. Almost all of the chairs did this.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
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And here is the twist. An absolutely massive door. It seems fitting to have it here at the cellblock, an impenetrable barrier, but in truth it was never used for that. This area was an archival vault used by the Dutch insurance company for which the building was constructed in the 1950s. And they must clearly have had very precious items to keep safe since this door was added. This door was always open, as shown by the ramp which blocks its operation.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
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Today I'm posting four photos from the cellblock in the Tribunal's basement to show its entrance. As mundane and possibly uninteresting as that may sound, there's a little twist to it.
This is what you would have seen if you had stood in the middle of the central space shown on the previously posted photos and turned the way from which you came.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
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In this opposite corner there are more seats and more of the orange safety equipment used in the event of fire and smoke in this area. The twist I mentioned in the first of these four images can be seen at the right-hand side of the frame.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
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At the left of this frame a lift is visible. It goes to the lobby level and the door that I pointed out on one of the earlier photos from the lobby. Here you see one of those intercom boxes, too. In the middle of the frame is a small gate which prevents access to a safe located in the wall space. The security camera features prominently here too.
From my project The Tribunal, which I made during my last years at the ICTY to show the great diversity of this amazing institution. The full project can be accessed on my site below.
___________________
@philipdygeus ◦◦◦ @philipdygeus.too
The Hasselblad Film Gallery ◦◦◦ Leica & Film Friends
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