View allAll Photos Tagged 1.(Books
Okay, so I found this random tag, so I decided to answer the questions.
1) What is your fave color? Black. I'm so weird.
2) What is your dream? To invent a time machine so I could go back and live in the 19th century. My other dream is to meet all my favorite celebrities.
3) Who is your biggest idol? Emily Bronte, Charlotte Bronte, Jane Austen, Florence Welch, Noel Fielding, Dan Howell, Kate Bush, Phil Lester, Adele, Lily Allen, Kate Nash, Delia Smith, there's a lot.
4) What is your fave food? Chocolate cream pie. And basically any kind of candy.
5) What's so special about you? I have fluffy hair.
6) What is your pet(s)? I have multiple cats, a dog, and a fish.
7) What are your fave songs? Wuthering Heights by Kate Bush, Jane Austen Is My Homegirl by The Cast of Pretty Darn Funny, Mouthwash, Paris, and Mariella, all by Kate Nash, and Electric Feel by MGMT.
8) If you were deserted on an island what would you want to have with you? My books.
9) If you could eat something for the rest of your life what would it be? Food.
10) What's something weird you want to eat? Food.
11) If you were a animal what would you be? A cat... or a goat.
12) What is your Lucky number? 21
13) What's your favorite thing to drink? Tea or Sprite. Love them both equally.
14) What's your fave store to shop at? The American Girl Place.
15) Who is your celeb crush? I don't really have one, but I would marry Noel Fielding, Dan Howell, or Phil Lester in a heartbeat. Just saying.
16) Who have you known for a long time? My friends... and family.
17) What in your life could you never live without? Books, the internet, YouTube
18) Do you have a girl friend/ boy friend? No.
19) If you could change your name to anything what would it be? Catherine.
If you want to be tagged, tag yourself. That's what I did.
American Bald Eagle Olympic National Park Sony A1 ILCE-1 Fine Art Bald Eagle Bird Photography! Sony Alpha 1 Sony FE 200-600mm f/5.6-6.3 G OSS E-Mount Lens SEL200600G Washington Olympic Peninsula Coast! Elliot McGucken Fine Art Wildlife Eagle Photography Alpha1 !
Epic Fine Art Photography Prints & Luxury Wall Art:
All my photography celebrates the physics of light! The McGucken Principle of the fourth expanding dimension: The fourth dimension is expanding at the rate of c relative to the three spatial dimensions: dx4/dt=ic .
Lao Tzu--The Tao: Nature does not hurry, yet everything is accomplished.
Light Time Dimension Theory: The Foundational Physics Unifying Einstein's Relativity and Quantum Mechanics: A Simple, Illustrated Introduction to the Unifying Physical Reality of the Fourth Expanding Dimensionsion dx4/dt=ic !: geni.us/Fa1Q
"Between every two pine trees there is a door leading to a new way of life." --John Muir
Epic Stoicism guides my fine art odyssey and photography: geni.us/epicstoicism
“The clearest way into the Universe is through a forest wilderness.” --John Muir
Epic Poetry inspires all my photography: geni.us/9K0Ki Epic Poetry for Epic Landscape Photography: Exalt Fine Art Nature Photography with the Poetic Wisdom of John Muir, Emerson, Thoreau, Homer's Iliad, Milton's Paradise Lost & Dante's Inferno Odyssey
“The mountains are calling and I must go.” --John Muir
Epic Art & 45EPIC Gear exalting golden ratio designs for your Hero's Odyssey:
Support epic fine art! 45surf ! Bitcoin: 1FMBZJeeHVMu35uegrYUfEkHfPj5pe9WNz
Exalt the goddess archetype in the fine art of photography! My Epic Book: Photographing Women Models!
Portrait, Swimsuit, Lingerie, Boudoir, Fine Art, & Fashion Photography Exalting the Venus Goddess Archetype: How to Shoot Epic ... Epic! Beautiful Surf Fine Art Portrait Swimsuit Bikini Models!
Some of my epic books, prints, & more!
Exalt your photography with Golden Ratio Compositions!
Golden Ratio Compositions & Secret Sacred Geometry for Photography, Fine Art, & Landscape Photographers: How to Exalt Art with Leonardo da Vinci's, Michelangelo's!
Epic Landscape Photography:
A Simple Guide to the Principles of Fine Art Nature Photography: Master Composition, Lenses, Camera Settings, Aperture, ISO, ... Hero's Odyssey Mythology Photography)
All art is but imitation of nature.-- Seneca (Letters from a Stoic - Letter LXV: On the First Cause)
The universe itself is God and the universal outpouring of its soul. --Chrysippus (Quoted by Cicero in De Natura Deorum)
Photographs available as epic fine art luxury prints. For prints and licensing information, please send me a flickr mail or contact drelliot@gmail.com with your queries! All the best on your Epic Hero's Odyssey!'
1. research, 2. Books Purchased November 2007, 3. Pressing the Covers, 4. ok, this one is dear, 5. Book Shelves, 6. Chapel Hill Library Book Sale, 7. Atlantic Reporter, 8. My Book Shelf (design section), 9. Book Shelves: Close Up, 10. Spot the difference, 11. 28/365, 12. Untitled, 13. Untitled, 14. books, 15. kitchen book shelves - before, 16. The bike shelf, 17. Sara's Bookshelf, 18. books no longer read, 19. books, 20. Bookshelf 4, 21. Bookshelf 2, 22. Chinese dictionaries and text books, 23. Summer reading, 24. Book Rush, 25. book shelves, 26. library annex, 27. Book Shelves, 28. Book Shelf, 29. Books I want to read, 30. bookshelf, 31. Books I'm reading now., 32. book shelf project 1 ~ striatic {notes}, 33. Books, 34. Day 106 - I am a librarian, 35. fruit_box_shelf, 36. Books Read November 2007
Created with fd's Flickr Toys.
Gangtok is a municipality, the capital and the largest town of the Indian state of Sikkim. It also is the headquarters of the East Sikkim district. Gangtok is located in the eastern Himalayan range, at an elevation of 1,650 m. The town's population of 100,000 belongs to different ethnicities such as Nepali, Lepchas and Bhutia. Nestled within higher peaks of the Himalaya and enjoying a year-round mild temperate climate, Gangtok is at the centre of Sikkim's tourism industry.
Gangtok rose to prominence as a popular Buddhist pilgrimage site after the construction of the Enchey Monastery in 1840. In 1894, the ruling Sikkimese Chogyal, Thutob Namgyal, transferred the capital to Gangtok. In the early 20th century, Gangtok became a major stopover on the trade route between Lhasa in Tibet and cities such as Kolkata (then Calcutta) in British India. After India won its independence from Britain in 1947, Sikkim chose to remain an independent monarchy, with Gangtok as its capital. In 1975, after the integration with the union of India, Gangtok was made India's 22nd state capital.
The precise meaning of the name Gangtok is unclear, though the most popular meaning is "hill top". Today, Gangtok is a centre of Tibetan Buddhist culture and learning, with the presence of several monasteries, religious educational institutions, and centres for Tibetology.
HISTORY
Like the rest of Sikkim, not much is known about the early history of Gangtok. The earliest records date from the construction of the hermitic Gangtok monastery in 1716. Gangtok remained a small hamlet until the construction of the Enchey Monastery in 1840 made it a pilgrimage center. It became the capital of what was left of Sikkim after an English conquest in the mid 19th century in response to a hostage crisis. After the defeat of the Tibetans by the British, Gangtok became a major stopover in the trade between Tibet and British India at the end of the 19th century. Most of the roads and the telegraph in the area were built during this time.
In 1894, Thutob Namgyal, the Sikkimese monarch under British rule, shifted the capital from Tumlong to Gangtok, increasing the city's importance. A new grand palace along with other state buildings was built in the new capital. Following India's independence in 1947, Sikkim became a nation-state with Gangtok as its capital. Sikkim came under the suzerainty of India, with the condition that it would retain its independence, by the treaty signed between the Chogyal and the then Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru. This pact gave the Indians control of external affairs on behalf of Sikkimese. Trade between India and Tibet continued to flourish through the Nathula and Jelepla passes, offshoots of the ancient Silk Road near Gangtok. These border passes were sealed after the Sino-Indian War in 1962, which deprived Gangtok of its trading business. The Nathula pass was finally opened for limited trade in 2006, fuelling hopes of economic boom.
In 1975, after years of political uncertainty and struggle, including riots, the monarchy was abrogated and Sikkim became India's twenty-second state, with Gangtok as its capital after a referendum. Gangtok has witnessed annual landslides, resulting in loss of life and damage to property. The largest disaster occurred in June 1997, when 38 were killed and hundreds of buildings were destroyed.
GEOGRAPHY
Gangtok is located at 27.3325°N 88.6140°E (coordinates of Gangtok head post office). It is situated in the lower Himalayas at an elevation of 1,650 m. The town lies on one side of a hill, with "The Ridge", a promenade housing the Raj Bhawan, the governor's residence, at one end and the palace, situated at an altitude of about 1,800 m, at the other. The city is flanked on east and west by two streams, namely Roro Chu and Ranikhola, respectively. These two rivers divide the natural drainage into two parts, the eastern and western parts. Both the streams meet the Ranipul and flow south as the main Ranikhola before it joins the Teesta at Singtam. Most of the roads are steep, with the buildings built on compacted ground alongside them.
Most of Sikkim, including Gangtok, is underlain by Precambrian rocks which contains foliated phyllites and schists; slopes are therefore prone to frequent landslides. Surface runoff of water by natural streams (jhora) and man-made drains has contributed to the risk of landslides. According to the Bureau of Indian Standards, the town falls under seismic zone-IV (on a scale of I to V, in order of increasing seismic activity), near the convergent boundary of the Indian and the Eurasian tectonic plates and is subject to frequent earthquakes. The hills are nestled within higher peaks and the snow-clad Himalayan ranges tower over the town from the distance. Mount Kanchenjunga 8,598 m - the world's third-highest peak - is visible to the west of the city. The existence of steep slopes, vulnerability to landslides, large forest cover and inadequate access to most areas have been a major impediment to the natural and balanced growth of the city.
There are densely forested regions around Gangtok, consisting of temperate, deciduous forests of poplar, birch, oak, and elm, as well as evergreen, coniferous trees of the wet alpine zone. Orchids are common, and rare varieties of orchids are featured in flower shows in the city. Bamboos are also abundant. In the lower reaches of the town, the vegetation gradually changes from alpine to temperate deciduous and subtropical. Flowers such as sunflower, marigold, poinsettia, and others bloom, especially in November and December.
CLIMATE
Gangtok features a monsoon-influenced subtropical highland climate. Because of its elevation and sheltered environment, Gangtok enjoys a mild, temperate climate all year round. Like most Himalayan towns, Gangtok has five seasons: summer, monsoons, autumn, winter and spring. Temperatures range from an average maximum of 22 °C in summer to an average minimum of 4 °C in winter. Summers (lasting from late April to June) are mild, with maximum temperatures rarely crossing 25 °C. The monsoon season from June to September is characterised by intense torrential rains often causing landslides that block Gangtok's land access to the rest of the country. Rainfall starts to rise from pre-monsoon in May, and peaks during the monsoon, with July recording the highest monthly average of 649.6 mm. In winter temperature averages between 4 °C and 7 °C. Snowfall is rare, and in recent times Gangtok has received snow only in 1990, 2004, 2005 and January 2011. Temperatures below freezing are also rare. During this season the weather can be unstable, and change abruptly from bright sunshine and clear skies to heavy rain within a couple of hours. During spring and autumn the weather is generally sunny and mild. Owing to its elevation, Gangtok is often enveloped in fog during the monsoon and winter months.
ECONOMY
The hospitality industry is the largest industry in Gangtok as the city is the main base for Sikkim tourism. Summer and spring seasons are the most popular tourist seasons. Many of Gangtok's residents are employed directly and indirectly in the tourism industry, with many residents owning and working in hotels and restaurants.
Ecotourism has emerged as an important economic activity in the region which includes trekking, mountaineering, river rafting and other nature oriented activities. An estimated 351,000 tourists visited Sikkim in 2007, generating revenue of about Rs 50 crores (Rs 500 millions).
The Nathula Pass, located about 50 km from Gangtok, used to be the primary route of the wool, fur and spice trade with Tibet and spurred economic growth for Gangtok till the mid-20th century. In 1962, after the border was closed during the Sino-Indian War, Gangtok fell into recession. The pass was reopened in 2006 and trade through the pass is expected to boost the economy of Gangtok. The Sikkim government is keen to open a Lhasa–Gangtok bus service via Nathula pass. Sikkim's mountainous terrain results in the lack of train or air links, limiting the area's potential for rapid industrial development. The government is the largest employer in the city, both directly and as contractors. Gangtok's economy does not have a large manufacturing base, but has a thriving Cottage industry in watch-making, country-made alcohol and handicrafts. Among the handicrafts are the handmade paper industry made from various vegetable fibres or cotton rags. The main market in Gangtok provides many of the state's rural residents a place to offer their produce during the harvest seasons. The majority of the private business community is made up of Marwaris and Biharis. As part of Sikkim, Gangtok enjoys the status of being an income-tax free region as per the state's 1948 Income tax law. As Sikkim is a frontier state, the Indian army maintains a large presence in the vicinity of Gangtok. This leads to a population of semi-permanent residents who bring money into the local economy. The Sikkim government started India's first online lottery Playwin to boost government income, but this was later closed by a ruling from the Sikkim High Court.
In 2013 premier Indian publishing company Thomson Digital opened its production unit in Gangtok. Thus becoming first MNC to venture there and paving path for future private companies to explore potential of young workforce of Gangtok.
CULTURE
Apart from the major religious festivals of Dashain, Tihar, Christmas, Holi etc., the diverse ethnic populace of the town celebrates several local festivals. The Lepchas and Bhutias celebrate new year in January, while Tibetans celebrate the new year (Losar) with "Devil Dance" in January–February. The Maghe sankranti, Ram Navami are some of the important Nepalese festivals. Chotrul Duchen, Buddha Jayanti, the birthday of the Dalai Lama, Loosong, Bhumchu, Saga Dawa, Lhabab Duechen and Drupka Teshi are some other festivals, some distinct to local culture and others shared with the rest of India, Nepal, Bhutan and Tibet.
A popular food in Gangtok is the momo, a steamed dumpling containing pork, beef and vegetables cooked in a doughy wrapping and served with watery soup. Wai-Wai is a packaged snack consisting of noodles which are eaten either dry or in soup form. A form of noodle called thukpa, served in soup form is also popular in Gangtok. Other noodle-based foods such as the chowmein, thenthuk, fakthu, gyathuk and wonton are available. Other traditional Sikkimese cuisine include shah-phaley (Sikkimese patties with spiced minced meat in a crisp samosa-like case) and Gack-ko soup. Restaurants offer a wide variety of traditional Indian, continental and Chinese cuisines to cater to the tourists. Churpee, a kind of hard cheese made from cow's or yak's milk is sometimes chewed. Chhang is a local frothy millet beer traditionally served in bamboo tankards and drunk through bamboo or cane straws. Alcohol is cheap due to low excise duty in Sikkim. Beer, whiskey, rum and brandy are frequently consumed by both locals and non-locals.
Residents of Sikkim are music lovers and it is common to hear Western rock music being played in homes and restaurants. Hindi pop songs are also common. Indigenous Nepali rock, music suffused with a western rock beat and Nepali lyrics, is particularly popular.
Football (soccer), cricket and archery are the most popular sports in Gangtok. The Paljor Stadium, which hosts football matches, is the sole sporting ground in the city. Thangka - a notable handicraft - is an elaborately hand painted religious scroll in brilliant colours drawn on fabric hung in a monastery or a family altar and occasionally carried by monks in ceremonial processions. Chhaams are vividly costumed monastic dances performed on ceremonial and festive occasions, especially in the monasteries during the Tibetan new year.
CITY INSTITUTIONS
A centre of Buddhist learning and culture, Gangtok's most notable Buddhist institutions are the Enchey monastery, the Do-drul Chorten stupa complex and the Rumtek Monastery. The Enchey monastery is the city's oldest monastery and is the seat of the Nyingma order. The two-hundred-year-old baroque monastery houses images of gods, goddesses, and other religious artifacts. In the month of January, the Chaam, or masked dance, is performed with great fanfare. The Dro-dul Chorten is a stupa which was constructed in 1945 by Trulshik Rimpoché, head of the Nyingma order of Tibetan Buddhism. Inside this stupa are complete set of relics, holy books, and mantras. Surrounding the edifice are 108 Mani Lhakor, or prayer wheels. The complex also houses a religious school.
The Rumtek Monastery on the outskirts of the town is one of Buddhism's most sacred monasteries. The monastery is the seat of the Kagyu order, one of the major Tibetan sects, and houses some of the world's most sacred and rare Tibetan Buddhist scriptures and religious objects in its reliquary. Constructed in the 1960s, the building is modeled after a similar monastery in Lhasa, Tibet. Rumtek was the focus of international media attention in 2000 after the seventeenth Karmapa, one of the four holiest lamas, fled Lhasa and sought refuge in the monastery.
The Namgyal Institute of Tibetology, better known as the Tibetology Museum, houses a huge collection of masks, Buddhist scriptures, statues, and tapestries. It has over two hundred Buddhist icons, and is a centre of study of Buddhist philosophy.
The Thakurbari Temple, located in the heart of the city, established in 1935 on a prime piece of land donated by the then Maharaja of Sikkim is one of the oldest and best known Hindu temple in the city. The Ganesh Tok and the Hanuman Tok, dedicated to the Hindu gods Ganpati and Hanuman and housing important Hindu deities, are located in the upper reaches of the city. The Himalayan Zoological Park exhibits the fauna of the Himalayas in their natural habitats. The zoo features the Himalayan Black Bear, the barking deer, the snow leopard, the leopard cat, Tibetan wolf, Masked Palm Civet, red pandas and the spotted deer amongst the others. Jawaharlal Nehru Botanical Gardens, near Rumtek, houses many species of orchid and as many as fifty different species of tree, including many oaks.
EDUCATION
Gangtok's schools are either run by the state government or by private and religious organizations. Schools mainly use English and Nepali as their medium of instruction. The schools are either affiliated with the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education, Central Board of Secondary Education or the National Institute of Open Schooling. Notable schools include the Tashi Namgyal Academy, Paljor Namgyal Girls School, Taktse International School and Kendriya Vidyalaya.
Colleges conferring graduate degrees include Sikkim Government College, Sikkim Government Law College and Damber Singh College. Sikkim University established in 2007 is functioning in Gangtok; the university has been allotted land in neighbouring Yang Yang town for establishment of it own campus. The university offers a diverse range of courses and has a number of institutes affiliated to it. 8 km from here is the headquarters of the Sikkim Manipal University, which houses Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences and Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology. The Indira Gandhi National Open University also has a regional center in the city. There are other institutions offering diplomas in Buddhist literature, catering and other non-mainstream fields. District Institute of Education and Training and State Institute of Education conduct teacher training programs. Students usually go to large cities in the vicinity such as Siliguri or Kolkata in pursuit of higher education. Naropa University also oversees a semester abroad program located in Gangtok. Do not confuse with Sikkim University and Sikkim Manipal University. Both are different.
WIKIPEDIA
Old Life Size Chinese Terracotta Army Warrior Head.
Close up view from our private collection.
Old chinese life size terracotta army warrior head of a general.
it has the top and back of its head missing.
Discovered in 1974, the Terracotta Army – comprising some 8,000 unique and life-sized infantry soldiers, along with farmers and horse-drawn chariots – Historians say the entire funeral entourage, made out of clay, took more than 700 artisans and 36 years to make.
Senior military official
Age unknown
Made of clay - Terracotta
Measures approx 36cm tall 21cm wide
Weight 6kg
Code 5100
Provenance Treasures of Wisdom and formally truelyvintage-uk
Comments most welcome.
So you are asking is this warrior head over two thousand years old or post 1974?
so am I. ?!?
For example, after the excavation of the Terracotta Army, the painted surface present on some terracotta figures began to flake and fade. The lacquer covering the paint can curl in fifteen seconds once exposed to Xi'an's dry air and can flake off in just four minutes.
To learn more about the Terracotta Army click link below:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terracotta_Army
The Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor (Qin Shi Huang) (Chinese: 秦始皇陵; pinyin: Qínshǐhuáng Líng) is located in Lintong District, Xi'an, Shaanxi province of China. This mausoleum was constructed over 38 years, from 246 to 208 BC, and is situated underneath a 76-meter-tall tomb mound shaped like a truncated pyramid.[1] The layout of the mausoleum is modeled on the Qin capital Xianyang, divided into inner and outer cities. The circumference of the inner city is 2.5 km (1.55 miles) and the outer is 6.3 km (3.9 miles). The tomb is located in the southwest of the inner city and faces east. The main tomb chamber housing the coffin and burial artifacts is the core of the architectural complex of the mausoleum.
The tomb itself has not yet been excavated. Archaeological explorations currently concentrate on various sites of the extensive necropolis surrounding the tomb, including the Terracotta Army to the east of the tomb mound.[2] The Terracotta Army served as a garrison to the mausoleum and has yet to be completely excavated.
Yellowstone Wolves Montana Wolfpack Sony A1 ILCE-1 Fine Art Wolf Apex Predator Photography! Canis Lupus Sony Alpha 1 & Sony FE Telephoto Zoom 70-200mm f/2.8 GM OSS E-Mount Lens SEL70200G West Yellowstone! Elliot McGucken Fine Art Wildlife Photography Alpha1 !
All my photography celebrates the physics of light! The McGucken Principle of the fourth expanding dimension: The fourth dimension is expanding at the rate of c relative to the three spatial dimensions: dx4/dt=ic .
Lao Tzu--The Tao: Nature does not hurry, yet everything is accomplished.
Light Time Dimension Theory: The Foundational Physics Unifying Einstein's Relativity and Quantum Mechanics: A Simple, Illustrated Introduction to the Unifying Physical Reality of the Fourth Expanding Dimensionsion dx4/dt=ic !: geni.us/Fa1Q
"Between every two pine trees there is a door leading to a new way of life." --John Muir
Epic Stoicism guides my fine art odyssey and photography: geni.us/epicstoicism
“The clearest way into the Universe is through a forest wilderness.” --John Muir
Epic Poetry inspires all my photography: geni.us/9K0Ki Epic Poetry for Epic Landscape Photography: Exalt Fine Art Nature Photography with the Poetic Wisdom of John Muir, Emerson, Thoreau, Homer's Iliad, Milton's Paradise Lost & Dante's Inferno Odyssey
“The mountains are calling and I must go.” --John Muir
Epic Art & 45EPIC Gear exalting golden ratio designs for your Hero's Odyssey:
Support epic fine art! 45surf ! Bitcoin: 1FMBZJeeHVMu35uegrYUfEkHfPj5pe9WNz
Exalt the goddess archetype in the fine art of photography! My Epic Book: Photographing Women Models!
Portrait, Swimsuit, Lingerie, Boudoir, Fine Art, & Fashion Photography Exalting the Venus Goddess Archetype: How to Shoot Epic ... Epic! Beautiful Surf Fine Art Portrait Swimsuit Bikini Models!
Some of my epic books, prints, & more!
Exalt your photography with Golden Ratio Compositions!
Golden Ratio Compositions & Secret Sacred Geometry for Photography, Fine Art, & Landscape Photographers: How to Exalt Art with Leonardo da Vinci's, Michelangelo's!
Epic Landscape Photography:
A Simple Guide to the Principles of Fine Art Nature Photography: Master Composition, Lenses, Camera Settings, Aperture, ISO, ... Hero's Odyssey Mythology Photography)
All art is but imitation of nature.-- Seneca (Letters from a Stoic - Letter LXV: On the First Cause)
The universe itself is God and the universal outpouring of its soul. --Chrysippus (Quoted by Cicero in De Natura Deorum)
Photographs available as epic fine art luxury prints. For prints and licensing information, please send me a flickr mail or contact drelliot@gmail.com with your queries! All the best on your Epic Hero's Odyssey!
Golden Ratio Composition Venus! Pretty Swimsuit Bikini Model Goddess! Tall, Thin, Fit Fitness Model! Sony A7 R & Carl Zeiss Sony Sonnar T* FE 55mm f/1.8 ZA Lens! Sexy Hot Bokeh! Malibu Beach Pink Bikini Photoshoot! Pretty Lifestyle Portraits! Beautiful!
My Epic Gear Guide for Epic Landscapes & Portraits!
Everyone is always asking me for this! Here ya go! :)
Epic books, prints, & more!
The Tao of Epic Landscape Photography: geni.us/taophotography
Epic High Resolution Malibu Sunset! Malibu Sea Cave Sunset California Socal Photography! Fine Art Landscape & Nature Photography: Light Beams & Dr. Elliot McGucken Epic Fine Art! High Res!
Exalt your photography with Golden Ratio Compositions!
Golden Ratio Compositions & Secret Sacred Geometry for Photography, Fine Art, & Landscape Photographers: How to Exalt Art with Leonardo da Vinci's, Michelangelo's . . . !
Epic Landscape Photography:
A Simple Guide to the Principles of Fine Art Nature Photography: Master Composition, Lenses, Camera Settings, Aperture, ISO, ... Hero's Odyssey Mythology Photography)
Epic Art & Gear for your Epic Hero's Odyssey:
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Photographing Women Models! geni.us/m90Ms
Portrait, Swimsuit, Lingerie, Boudoir, Fine Art, & Fashion Photography Exalting the Venus Goddess Archetype: How to Shoot Epic...
Epic Poetry inspires all my photography: geni.us/9K0Ki Epic Poetry for Epic Landscape Photography: Exalt Fine Art Nature Photography with the Poetic Wisdom of John Muir, Emerson, Thoreau, Homer's Iliad, Milton's Paradise Lost & Dante's Inferno Odyssey
Estos libros tienen aproximadamente 1 metro de altura y eran tan grandes para que todos los frailes del coro pudiesen leerlo. Hay una colección completa en este monasterio. Monasterio de Yuso en San Millán de la Cogolla - La Rioja.
Nikon D850 & Sigma 50mm f/1.4 DG HSM ART Lens for Nikon Portraiture! Helen from Homer's Iliad! Beautiful Rainy Beach Day Cowgirl Cowboy Boots 45EPIC Swimsuit Bikini Model Venus Goddess! Pretty Blue Eyes Long Blonde Hair Gorgeous Girl! Pretty Lady Long Legs!
Epic Poetry inspires all my photography: geni.us/9K0Ki Epic Poetry for Epic Landscape Photography: Exalt Fine Art Nature Photography with the Poetic Wisdom of John Muir, Emerson, Thoreau, Homer's Iliad, Milton's Paradise Lost & Dante's Inferno Odyssey
Epic Art & 45EPIC Gear exalting golden ratio designs for your Hero's Odyssey:
Support epic fine art! 45surf ! Bitcoin: 1FMBZJeeHVMu35uegrYUfEkHfPj5pe9WNz
Exalt the goddess archetype in the fine art of photography! My Epic Book: Photographing Women Models!
Portrait, Swimsuit, Lingerie, Boudoir, Fine Art, & Fashion Photography Exalting the Venus Goddess Archetype: How to Shoot Epic ... Epic! Beautiful Surf Fine Art Portrait Swimsuit Bikini Models!
Follow me my good friends!
Facebook: geni.us/A0Na3
Instagram: geni.us/QD2J
Golden Ratio: geni.us/9EbGK
45SURF: geni.us/Mby4P
Fine Art Ballet: geni.us/C1Adc
Some of my epic books, prints, & more!
Exalt your photography with Golden Ratio Compositions!
Golden Ratio Compositions & Secret Sacred Geometry for Photography, Fine Art, & Landscape Photographers: How to Exalt Art with Leonardo da Vinci's, Michelangelo's!
Epic Landscape Photography:
A Simple Guide to the Principles of Fine Art Nature Photography: Master Composition, Lenses, Camera Settings, Aperture, ISO, ... Hero's Odyssey Mythology Photography)
All my photography celebrates the physics of light! dx4/dt=ic! Light Time Dimension Theory: The Foundational Physics Unifying Einstein's Relativity and Quantum Mechanics: A Simple, Illustrated Introduction to the Physical: geni.us/Fa1Q
Ralph Waldo Emerson. The happiest man is he who learns from nature the lesson of worship.
Lucius Annaeus Seneca: On entering a temple we assume all signs of reverence. How much more reverent then should we be before the heavenly bodies, the stars, the very nature of God!
John Muir: All the wild world is beautiful, and it matters but little where we go, to highlands or lowlands, woods or plains, on the sea or land or down among the crystals of waves or high in a balloon in the sky; through all the climates, hot or cold, storms and calms, everywhere and always we are in God's eternal beauty and love. So universally true is this, the spot where we chance to be always seems the best.
IAN ALLAN & OBSERVER'S books used during my locospotting days over the period 1959-1966.
Clockwise:-
ABC Combined Volume Summer 1959. Price 10/6.
Observer's Book 1966.Price 6/- Net.
ABC Combined Volume Summer 1961.Price 10/6.
ABC Locoshed Book 1963.Price 2/6.
Shed Directory 1961 Price 3/6..
ABC Locoshed Book 1957.Price 2/6.
Published in 2020, but I didn’t notice it until recently looking at the New York Times list of 2021 notable books. Have only started reading my just received hardcover copy and also have the Kindle edition because it’s nearly free ($1.99). This excerpt from page 19 was screen copied from the Kindle edition. I switch back and forth between my printed and e-book edition.
“Beauty will save the world.” --Dostoevsky
Pretty Ballerina Ballet Dancer Goddess! Golden Ratio Composition Photography Blonde Aphrodite Venus! Sony A7 R & Carl Zeiss Sony Sonnar T* FE 55mm f/1.8 ZA Lens Bokeh! Malibu Canyon Woods River Spring Photoshoot! Ballet Lifestyle Portraiture! Beauty High Res 4K 8K!
My Epic Gear Guide for Epic Landscapes & Portraits!
Everyone is always asking me for this! Here ya go! :)
Epic books, prints, & more!
The Tao of Epic Landscape Photography: geni.us/taophotography
Exalt your photography with Golden Ratio Compositions!
Golden Ratio Compositions & Secret Sacred Geometry for Photography, Fine Art, & Landscape Photographers: How to Exalt Art with Leonardo da Vinci's, Michelangelo's . . . !
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Posted for nearly seven years with no description, and only a few basic keywords (fire, flame, flames, burn, burning, wood, serene, silhouette) this photo amassed a measly 103 views, with zero comments or faves.
The following list (added March 31, 2019) is an experiment to determine the effectiveness of keywords in directing traffic to photos.
1 youtube google craigslist myspace yahoo facebook login ebay yahoo mail tube8 face book log in yahoo.com aquarius red tube travel deals facebook.com you tube gmail hotmail mapquest yahoo mail login taurus leo cancer scorpio virgo libra gemini pisces 796
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39 aol.com 647
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42 haiti 594
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59 bing 486
60 hot 482
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65 redtude 461
66 fox news 459
67 games 452
68 cnn 443
69 movies and advertising 415
70 haggle auction 412
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74 amazon.com 383
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79 abrelatas liftmaster 366
80 webkinz 355
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83 verizon wireless 351
84 tube8.com 350
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86 daily horoscope 347
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98 empflix 311
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115 jean simmons 288
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119 redt tube 279
120 x tube 277
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135 hotmail email 245
136 weekly horoscope 242
138 elweb bbs 240
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140 expedia 236
141 irs 236
142 ask.com 235
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144 nfl 233
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147 movies 229
148 msnbc 228
149 tax tips 227
150 lingerie 226
151 zodiac 225
152 search engines 224
153 dandy bronzen renpaard 224
154 coloring books 224
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158 auto trader 221
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164 tube 215
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189 _google_monitor_query_ or googletestad 196
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199 halimbawa ng dula 187
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230 kauai poipu 172
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298 dell 141
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312 metacafe 138
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314 you tube videos 138
315 mga kwentong pambata 137
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377 vida guerra 122
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Local author Pemerika Tauiliili held a launching ceremony for his four books on 1-19-11. One of them was "The Rat & The Bat and Other Stories", pictured here.
NONE OF THE POEMS THAT FOLLOW APPEAR IN OR HAVE ANYTHING TO DO WITH THE PUBLICATION SHOWN ABOVE - I'M JUST RUNNING OUT OF ROOM BECAUSE THERE ARE SO MANY OF THEM
If you'd like to hear the work of someone who I think really works magic with words, go listen to the late Dan Hicks sing "News From Up The Street". Just a suggestion.
LONG DISTANCE DEMONS
Most esteemed monsignor,
exorcise my phone – those long
distance demons won’t leave me
alone. It shakes the foundations
of my faith as a believer when
hell’s banshees beckon through
my phone receiver. Unreasonable
reasoning, and when that fails,
they scream like a train flying
off of the rails. Firmly convinced,
puffed up at their proudest, they’ll
win hearts and minds just by
screaming the loudest. Tweet
goes the ring tone, straight up
goes my hair – the rest of my
head spins just like Linda Blair.
Speech too obscene for me
to even tape – it ain’t like phone
sex, no, it’s more like phone
rape. Cut the line, you advise -
but I hope in vain that an angel
might call, not the demons again.
ONE NIGHT
One night two lizards got it on
right in front of me, beneath
the living room lamp where
their kind congregate to catch
flying termites. How brazen,
shameless and graceless,
those two! From behind,
one mounted, teeth buried
in the other’s neck, a reptile
ritual old as time. Yeah, but
not in my house! I pondered
disruption by force to assert
moral authority, but then
it dawned on me, what does
it profit a man to dominate
lizards so uncultured they
could care less for subtlety?
One night I said whatever,
still mysteriously pissed about
the rude, ill-timed reminder
of what I might have missed.
LIT FEST
No, they wouldm't like a lit fest
unless the lit was green with
a dead president's portrait.
They might like a lit fest
as long as the lit expressed
their exhaulted history qute
extravagantly, tracing a line
from Nafanua to heroes in
World War Two to winning
the Superbowl. They might
provide a grant for a lit fest
as long as the lit kept
a respectable distance
from topics like poverty
in paradise, pockets full
of federal funds, even
children with a different
last name who somehow
have the greedy elite eyes
of some distinguished clan.
So let's do a lit fest just
to articulate and celebrate
the irony of being free
within certain restrictions.
UKULELE ANGELS
A band called Ukulele Angels
entertaining at the mall. Shop
to the soothing sounds, stop
to watch. Ascend, serenaded
by Ukulele Angels, to shopping
heaven where everything’s
30% off. In the mall, Camelot
of plenty, customers are royalty
and locals just here to serve.
Happy campers do a consumer
hula as Ukulele Angels strum
rhythmically. See paramedics
scurry across the mall with
some urgency. It’s alright –
just too much excitement for
some tourist eyeing his wife’s
store receipts. No one notices
the heartbroken provider exit
the mall on a stretcher while
Ukulele Angels sing happy
trails to you until we meet
again.
BLOOM
The sun in Aquarius caused
a bloom of poetry like a bloom
of algae in the sea. Oh, that’s
very convenient for me. I like
excuses handed to me on
a platter. The earth in Leo
caused a boost to the ego
that was truthfully much
needed. Sometimes it’s like
no one appreciates my genius.
The moon in whatever very
often makes me wonder why
I get so possessed. Uranus
in Sagittarius usually leads me
to guess inspiration will just
remain a mystery.
LITTLE BREEZES
Undo these restraints,
I want to be a hurricane -
brewing off your shores,
gathering anger to show
you what you’re asking
for when you push thin
air around. Air, by nature
thin, seeks out similar
energy – do you feel held
back unfairly, like me?
Then let’s marry forces
to restore the balance.
When the little breezes
have felt big long enough,
caused enough mayhem
to really feel tough, they
go their separate ways,
unity dissipated. Small
wonder they part as
unhappy as they started –
even their power can’t
make them feel together.
ROCKABILLY
Rockabilly - more personality
than Punk, and like Dracula it
just needs fresh blood mixed
with its dust to rise up again.
It waits patiently in its voodoo
cave, poised to seduce youth
culture, with Elvis as its new
Pied Piper. Kids tune in to his
rhythms, new way of talking.
Now nobody feels like doing
much besides rocking. Aliens
have landed, contaminating
our DNA –Rockabilly’s turning
the youth away from tradition,
and on to cosmic awareness.
Life shifts from claustrophobic
to limitless. You can forget
Russians invading -Rockabilly
overthrew the USA while you
weren’t looking.
PURITY
Old familiar roles. A villain with
intentions impure, whose desires
threaten disaster. A hero fated
to slay the proverbial dragon,
a knight in waiting, forced to be
brave. A convincing hero saves
the day, but a convincing villain
can’t just fail as if by design. His
defeat needs to reveal a moral
weakness, unlike the purity that
guides a hero to victory. Same
story told a thousand ways –
same message we’re reminded
of every day. Purity - a quality
we’re not inclined to naturally,
otherwise heroes would be
a dime a dozen.
ASKING FOR TROUBLE
Might be unwise to walk
up to a dragon and sing
Light My Fire. That would
be asking for trouble,
inviting yourself to the last
supper you’ll ever be part of.
Dragons just assume you’re
a threat – they haven’t
exactly made many friends
throughout history. You
probably won’t get as far
as saying you’ve come to
apologize for stereotyping
slashing claws as morally
flawed – hello breakfast –
make like bacon and get
ready to fry. You have to
admire the simplicity –
mutual dislike and distrust
accepted unquestioningly.
Either party surprising the
other with an unexpected
olive branch would clearly
be asking for trouble.
CHART
Number one this week – good
on you. Don’t take the chart
too seriously – next week it
could be me. Or some sibling
ensemble who we privately
think are terrible. Or some
has-been on the comeback
trail, like McArthur who told
the Philippines, I shall return,
and damn if he didn’t keep
his word. What determines
the results of this chart? It
mirrors of our fickle nature,
the shifting sands of what
fascinates the rank and file.
Freaks or solid citizens, our
chart lets everyone in, true
equality in popularity, maybe
our only real democracy. So
if you make number one,
congratulations. Just don’t
take the chart too seriously,
because next week it could
be me.
GREEN CERTIFICATES
You make it so someone can
take it from you, earn it just so
you can burn it. I wish I wasn’t
so concerned about these green
certificates. You need it if you
want to have any fun – if you’ve
got any time when your work day
is done. Someone might rob you
with a gun for green certificates.
You can trade it for just about
any old thing, but when it runs
out, what a sad song you sing.
And so we consider everything
in terms of green certificates.
It can make you assured when
you’re growing old and feeble –
unless you’ve got vices like
gambling or needles. People
connive, lie, and wheedle for
their green certificates. My
blood isn’t red now, I think
it’s turned green. No longer
my choice if I’m generous
or mean. All of my thoughts
and my dreams are of these
green certificates.
PUSHING FOOTWEAR
With no facts accessible,
it’s rumors to the rescue,
riding into the picture on
a bullshit brown horse,
here to force the hand
of that enigma called truth.
It’s none of your business,
but you’ll still get plenty
attention demonstrating
your superior reasoning
and unparalleled insight
by spreading rumors. So
what if it seems likely?
Likely to who? If it seems
so likely to you, shouldn’t
you be the one doing it?
Like some kind of tout
pushing footwear, we
try to match shoes to
feet they seem to fit.
MOON
You were named after the moon,
and like it you shine when it’s time
to shine and fade when it’s time
to fade. You’re always there, you
just appear different, going through
a phase – circular nature. Chasing
your own tail for eternity? Oh no,
be more complimentary – this is
balance in action, arranged so
dark and light both have their time.
Moon proves you can show both,
just never together. Delicate not
dominant, moonlight won’t try
to burn you, just illuminate your
path through the night.
BUILDINGS
Ground zero again - everything
built up now gone. Back to just
bones, muscle, and blood, back
to memories, living history.
They say don’t build on sand,
but even solid rock trembles,
shaking off our vanity as if it
were dandruff. Man builds
to celebrate himself – castles
to keep animals out, keep us
contained in comfort. Wood,
brick and steel, transformed
by ideas into buildings, made
to last, or so we believe. Then
most buildings collapse, circle
back to just an idea awaiting
realization. Ground zero again -
now a garden, just as it began.
Returning knows something
buildings don’t.
AN ULTIMATE GOOD (FOR STEPHEN HAWKING)
I won’t swim in the ocean,
I won’t rock and roll, I won’t
climb up a mountain, or dig
a small hole for the roses I’ll
never grow. Won’t explore
on my own going wherever
I please, never hammer
a nail nor chainsaw a tree
fallen in the path of the car
I’ll never drive. Never any
of this – why even bother
staying alive? My body’s
betrayed me, but I’ve still
got a mind that’s never
forgotten there’s so much
left to find. My runaway
speech left so much unsaid,
but I’ll still find a way to
share what’s in my head.
Can’t touch you with hands,
only with my belief there’s
an ultimate good more
for you than for me.
RISK BEING RIGHT
Uncertainty holds some kind
of safety, a sort of comfort,
a weary spirit’s last resort.
You can always say you just
don’t know, and no one can
argue with that. And if you’re
not sure if anything needs
doing, then who can blame
you for doing nothing? I’m
not even sure what your
name is anymore – I mean,
you may have changed it.
Since yesterday, you may
be different too – continuity
isn’t guaranteed. Sorry, I
can’t recall whether I ever
took you seriously. Define
yourself for me one more
time, please – that might
reverse my uncertainty.
No one wants to be wrong,
nor will they risk being right.
Just a symptom of our times.
PRESTIGE
Please don’t die – I can’t afford
the family crisis. Please don’t die
- make me demonstrate a love
I never felt. Please don’t die
- make me return all the favors
you never did for my family.
Please don’t die and make us
pay for respect. Is it the man
you want us to honor, or just
his imagined prestige? Will
Heaven be impressed by the
size of a funeral? Do the angels
all expect an envelope? Until
our land is blessed with money
growing on trees like coconuts,
please make an issue with my
employers why they don’t pay
me as much as you want me
to donate. Please don’t die –
those with little have to empty
their pockets to fill the purses
of those who already have
plenty. Before I die, please
strip my name of any prestige –
spare the loved ones I leave
behind this final exploitation.
YARDMEN
We’re not at war with nature,
but yardmen still serve as soldiers
in the battle to make something
beautiful. This beauty will only
be temporary, a mostly green
mandala, changing even while
you’re cleaning off the blades.
Chaos forced into order, ugly
transformed from a pumpkin
Into a princess, but only till
midnight – plants formenting
rebellion, writing their green
constitution till they tremble
at approaching Robespierre
wielding a weed eater. From
a casual glance, you’d never
see the drama of managing
plants – they’ll be back, it’s
force of habit, but so will you.
How plant-like, we humans –
maybe by nature we’re not
so beautiful, but with work
we can emerge as at least
half-presentable.
SUN
Sun, you life-giver, why do you
drain me so? Pass the kava,
Oliver Twist, twist that machete
at a cleaner angle, look how
much better the cut. Dance
in the ballroom of your mind
as you waltz the lawn mower
round again – the square gets
smaller. Weed eaters will get
you immediate results. If you’d
prefer a task more intimate,
take the clippers and trade
gossip with the shrubs while
sculpting their details. It looks
very nice in the end, but like
Hamlet, I’m too much in the
sun. Someone get this Dane
a decent pair of shades.
HUMPTY DUMPTY
Humpty Dumpty sitting merrily
on his wall, a celebrity, ready
to serenade all and sundry with
a happy tune. Why is it you can
always tell it's the friendly ones
headed for a fall? Humpty courts
disaster, perched precariously –
neither one side nor the other –
beaming neutrality. Forgets
his own fragility, how easily
he could fly out of the frying
pan into the fire, end up just
another omelet. I’m late for
breakfast with destiny, he
remembers suddenly from
high on his wall – she’ll just
have to wait till I’m ready.
Mortality dismissed as trivial,
but meanwhile the suspense
is killing me. How long more
can you balance like that,
Humpty? Fatalistic company
can be fun, he opines, better
catch this heart and mind
before it expires. Humpty
Dumpty’s already a memory,
though he’s not even gone.
Why wait till it’s all over, he
wonders, to join in the fun?
SUMMER
Summer again and I’m still waiting
for the world to catch up with me.
So many summers come and gone,
some with others, some alone.
Always the promise of starting
again – time for whatever was
yesterday to end. Again I find
I couldn’t finish something, only
defend my emotional Alamo till
summer brought reinforcements.
AREN'T WE ALL
Imagine a Hobbes without
a Calvin - he can be a bright,
shining presence, but needs
someone it means something
to, or else all that brightness
can't ignite. Aren't we all like
Peter Pan - able to amaze
and delight when we know
someone cares, but crippled
inside, a hollow echo of all
we can be, when we doubt
that anyone does.
FARM ANIMAL VALENTINE
Nature takes out insurance
every species will survive,
if not thrive. If thrive means
proliferate, it would appear
we’ve achieved our quota,
though there’s no future
for our fine young piglets,
save at breakfast tables
across the USA, where we
make sure America stays
on the go, and fuel national
expansion of your borders
and your waistbands. Eat
America, eat – we’ve
sacrificed our flesh, our
essence – just like some
Saint Valentine you’d find
In the supermarket.
POKER
It isn’t the hand that I wanted,
but the luck of the draw leaves
no other play. Losing at poker
while some wiser player takes
the prize. Hate the game all
you want, but one cannot win
being unwilling to risk it. Cards
just confuse me – representing
royalty – kings and queens with
their underlings, all competing
to outrank. Together forming
a narrative played out again
and again as long as anyone
can remember – wish for luck,
test your skill, kill or be killed.
SACRED
No, no, no, you’ve got it all
wrong – there’s lots of things
I think are sacred. Truth told
without putting in the boot
A smile without a price tag.
Puppies happy to see me.
Something actually good
on TV. A song’s that’s not
a carbon copy. Fine days,
fine people, fine music,
fine wine, finding there’s
as much joy as suffering.
All of this and more, all
sacred to me. The biggest
profanity is you thinking
I’m fooled so easily.
BUILDINGS
Beautiful buildings, if you look
at them right. Beautiful buildings
best seen from afar, the way
they interact with the landscape.
Beautiful buildings, see how
they reflect off the water
at night. The closer you get,
the less you sense their true
majesty. Beautiful buildings
can’t be judged by just one
door or window. You have
to see them in total. Kind of
like some people who’ll stun
you from a distance but don’t
seem beautiful at all up close.
OLD EUROPE
I want culture. I want history.
I want philosophy. I want
justification for not being
a barbarian. I want the best
that’s survived all the wars
since they started recording
this primal beast’s progress.
Progress always throwing up
something new but seldom
something lasting. Nothing
worthy of replacing all that
stays timeless in old Europe.
THE DEAL
Got no idea what the deal
really is, only so many
thoughts about what it
could be. Don't know for
sure what the deal really
means, only that if feels
like something's changed.
Wish I knew what the deal
is, because I try to take
care of my own, and let
those who don't want
to be my own go free.
TALKING DOG
I’m a talking dog, but I’ve
learned to keep quiet. I’m
a talking dog hurting for
good conversation, some
meaningful interaction,
cause with no one to talk
to, what’s the point being
able to talk at all? All this
buzz about magic lately -
vampires are chic, shape
shifters are cool, regular
people with superpowers
rule – must be symbolic
of something, like how
we have the gifts inside
us to rise up, overcome,
break free. So now I’ve
cast off the shackles of
animal speech and still,
no one wants to listen
to me. A bone for some
beautiful poetry…
HAPPINESS
Strange how you attract so
many enemies when you’re
happy. You’re seen as either
a total fool or as having some
unfair advantage. Oh woe all
the wrongs in the world, so
many hurting, it’s unfair that
anyone should be happy, it’s
an insult to all the suffering,
all the rapes, killing, stealing,
that anyone should find life
full of joy. Mea culpa, I didn’t
mean to, I was suffering just
like you, and then a beautiful
person said something that
changed my point of view
and I knew that if happiness
is really so rare, then we’d
better grab it. We’ll keep
it safe until it can come out
for more of you.
ZOMBIES
Now I know why zombies
are so popular. Deep down
inside, we know it’s really us
who are the zombies – we
stumble through life with
minds scrambled by poison
drugs, poison food and
worst of all, poison ideas.
Once in awhile someone
remembers they’re human,
but waking up to global
warming, world hunger,
economic disaster, racial
profiling, Al-Quida, school
shootings and Trump sends
them running right back
to the comfort of poison
oblivion. So in those high
rated shows, the zombies
might be the bad guys, but
somewhere inside we’re
thinking – go, zombies, go.
BLUES DONE BADLY
Blues done badly – let it
remain just a private joke
between friends. Cause
blues done really well
makes you feel, if not
forgiven, like at least
we still have moments
we transcend our flaws.
Blues don’t cast stones,
just eloquently screams
at humanity, hey, you
cut me open.
APIA SEAWALL
Apia - crazy rich or crazy poor,
no in-between. But both rich
and poor know not to go late
at night to the seawall – that’s
inviting trouble. Joe Foreigner,
loaded on liquid cheer, missing
home, doesn’t know better.
Hopes the ocean will restore
something. Crazy poor street
denizen sees money, not
a person. If he ever speaks
of this night, he’ll say it was
need. Feed a family, feed
a habit, feed resentment –
whatever. Joe Foreigner,
looking down on himself,
the seawall a launching pad
spring-boarding his soul
somewhere there’s no crazy
rich or crazy poor. Wonders -
I thought this was paradise –
what happened?
SWEET, SWEET, SWEET
I’m told it’s just a trick of history
the Indians didn’t eat the Pilgrims
instead of feeding them. British
flavor, I’m told, is bitter, unlike us
islanders, so sweet, sweet, sweet.
Our people here had apprehensions
of being eaten by Fijians – oral
histories of traumatic emotions
not so sweet, sweet, sweet. Bad
conflicts back then over food, over
women, land and titles, chiefs and
children, even men all made up as
maidens, appearing sweet, sweet,
sweet. Now such crude hunger’s
consigned to the past – these days
we do battle for money and class.
Back then we had muscles, now
we have gas – our cars are sweet,
sweet, sweet.
BETWEEN THE TREEES AND THE FLAMES
Smoke forcing us from our homes –
anywhere we can breathe. Guilty
of the sin of being flakey, we
preview the afterlife we’ll have
if we don’t change our too-cool-
for-school demeanor. California
has no answer to global warming –
danger won't just meditate forever.
This smoke is like a home invasion,
unconstitutional, but I don’t know
who to sue. I screwed over lots
of people to live comfortably,
and if that freak Mother Nature
thinks she can just move in with
me, then her huggers can go stand
between the trees and the flames.
MOMENT
Well, it was a thrill at the
moment. Facing pressure
to be amazing, you get
what you pay for, and
this isn’t Vegas. I pick
apart all the little flaws
in the performance, all
the moments some
different assumption
would have resulted
in something more
triumphant, and tell
myself what the hell,
that was me in that
moment just like this
is me in this one.
IN MY RADIO MIND
Beach Boys playing in my
radio mind, knowing Surfer
Girl’s answer is “no”. Waves
will still crash on the beach,
crabs will still scramble like
good professionals, suntan
lotion will still gob up in
quiet waters, lifeguards
will still lord it over guys
going to seed, kids will still
dig up buried treasure left
in the sand by dogs,
the beach will still need
attention from otherwise
good citizens compelled
into community service
on the weekends. It will
all still look the same – just
not to me in my radio mind.
BODY REBELLION
Body rebellion, even among
dear ones who always tried
to be strong for us. All this
time, were you crumbling
inside? My own weakness
was more to the surface,
but in you strength was all
I ever saw. Now, in your
time of need, it’s a familiar
helplessness I feel against
your body rebellion. Like
Marie Antoinette backed
into a corner by mobs, you
feel painfully aware of your
body’s demands, but know
it asks for more than you
have left to give.
NO LIMIT
No limit except the words
at your disposal to describe
your horizons. Get me that
dictionary, I want not only
to expand, but also to tell
it on the mountain.
SEALED
It’s sealed, not with a kiss,
but by the court. No one
will know but the lawyers.
Prejudicial, not beneficial
to anyone, now it’s sealed
like Pandora’s Box, for only
the foolish to open. Bury
it deep underground like
nuclear matter. Be clear
that this is a menace, not
a power. Delete the public
records, and let the only
mention of it be written
in Latin and stored deep
in the Vatican. Sure, there
may be speculation, but
mystery’s soon forgotten,
exposed as invention, as
obviously preposterous.
But for now, take masking
tape, wrap it with care -
just make sure it remains
sealed.
IF WE KNEW ALL THERE IS TO KNOW
We filter what we see through
our own particular lens, often
missing the big picture, but
maybe it's all for the better.
For if we knew all there is
to know, we might recoil
at how much danger we're
in just getting out of bed.
If we knew all there is to
know, we'd realize there
must be a God because
things don't always go
as wrong as they might.
We love and hate based
on what we think we know,
and emotion will call logic
into question, but maybe
it's all for the better.
LANGUAGE
We were given language
not just to build endless
towers to nowhere, but
to build bridges between
minds. A bridge between
hearts is a matter more
complicated, but it can
be accomplished. It can,
it can, it can, it can, it can.
Language, I'm counting
on you - get a message
across the wide canyons
of disbelief for me.
BIG FENCE
Big fence, not even built yet
but turning our country into
a gated community. You can
be master or slave, depending
on your wages, depending
on your tax breaks. Big fence –
not as nature intended, but
as reassurance of our purity.
Dirty hands won’t besmirch
a system working so perfectly
for us. If they want prosperity,
let them clean up their act.
We kicked out the British –
let them banish the Spanish,
decolonize their mentality.
The land of the free doesn’t
just mean charity, but we’re
still really nice guys from
behind our big fence.
I MUST BE ON DRUGS
Why is everybody on drugs?
Little drugs, big drugs, legal
drugs or otherwise, we’re all,
to some degree, on drugs.
You take drugs when you’re
sick, and we’re sick to death
of fear. Fear of Mexicans, fear
of Russians, fear of cops, fear
of robbers, fear of failure,
fear of success, fear of Satan,
fear of Jesus, fear of being
poor, fear of being rich, the
list goes on and on. Stop using
drugs and you won’t be afraid
any longer. You might still be
aware of all these scary things,
but you’ll just say whatever.
So if I just say whatever, don’t
do a Nancy Reagan and jump
to the conclusion I must be
on drugs.
SHREDS
Shreds – all that’s left of love
after the dogs of doubt have
had their way. Enemies smell
the same as friends, and to
the dogs of doubt, all comers
are deceivers. At the first sign
of threat to the heart, they’ll
attack regardless of innocence
or guilt. Shreds – lifeless, torn,
defenseless, ghosts of what
might have grown threatening
or glorious. If you must feed
the dogs of doubt, keep them
on a tight leash, lest your own
defense become your undoing.
ADVANCE
Such a slow advance -
molasses, moving by the
fraction. Any movement
is better than becoming
hard like a rock time’s
hammer can’t crack.
Such a slow advance –
not like Cong retaking
Saigon, driven by a zeal
bordering on the holy.
Such a slow advance –
Sherlock Holmes puzzled
at clues that don’t fit,
while crime thrives in
corners unlit. Such a slow
advance – the stone
at the top of the hill once
more. What separates
patience from insanity?
Only purpose, the free
choice to advance, no
matter how blindly, no
matter how slowly.
REFUND COUNTER
I take offense that I’m expending
all this love on you but you don’t
respond in kind. I take umbrage
and insist you owe me something.
My feelings don’t come cheap,
but I offered them at a discount,
then was injured beyond belief
when you decided you could
do without them. Do you shop
with your heart and love within
your budget? You do me great
dishonor taking my love to the
refund counter, returning it
unopened – denying it without
even trying it. No more will you
squeeze my merchandise then
leave it abandoned. Your status
of preferred customer is stripped,
and your credit’s no longer valid
at my outlet.
TRUE ONE
Over and over, through and
through - you don't recognize
the true one until after you've
been untrue. The true one
still believes after it seems
there's nothing left to believe
in. The true one makes you
feel forgiven by everyone
but yourself. The true one
conceals their true nature,
just to level the playing field.
but when you stop playing
around, inside the truth's
revealed. The true one
emerges as obvious, but
seldom at first. The true
one often wonders why
they even bother with you -
try to recognize the true one
before you've been untrue.
ONE-SIDED
How long do you think
a one-sided building
can stand? At the first
sign of adversity, see
it shake, foundations
swaying. A one-sided
building may put on
a brave front, but
even the blind see
through it. Life goes
on public display –
none but an egotist
can take it. Nature
abhors a one-sided
building, would deny
you a permit to even
design it like that.
A one-sided building,
like a house divided,
questions itself – is it
right that I even exist?
So before you break
ground – make sure
your structure includes
two sides, or alas it
may tower in sweet
dreams but collapse
in cold daylight.
TRAVEL COMPANIONS
A little piece of galaxy dust
drifting all alone. Once part
of something bigger, now
barely a memory, unaware
of its own history. Over time,
longer than we can imagine,
tiny specks in an infinite void
might find each other, turn
into a cloud, become solid,
achieve mass, explode into
a new sun. Events happen
slowly, longer than we have
time to wait. Our fate is to
go the way of dust in space,
maybe drift alone forever,
or maybe be lucky enough
to connect and perpetuate.
No matter how long it takes,
our nature is to find travel
companions while we wait
for something to happen.
SUN
Sun might come out, but
inside the night never ends.
Better to sleep through
the night than to listen –
darkness is voiceless for
a reason. Sun might come
up on a ravaged landscape,
a purgatory city populated
by fallen angels with bills
to pay, debts to negotiate,
old scores they’re hoping
eternity will settle. Sun,
we turn away from you
half the time, you divide
us by nature. Inside, still
waitiing for the dawn
to break, as if my flesh
and and bones could
ever be that transparent.
SUPPOSE
I can suppose good
things or bad. Damn,
these choices can be
so inconvenient. I go
by what's right in front
of my nose. Smell will
help me tell, I suppose.
WATCH MY FLOWERS
Alas, now’s your season
of returning to the soil.
You flowered, bloomed,
matured, then withered.
Now nature begins its
process all over, some
younger thing dreaming
of lasting forever. As I
watch my flowers thrive
and decline, their cycle
just going much quicker
than mine, I’m reminded
it’s all natural and there’s
no reason to feel I asked
for it, that this somehow
is punishment.
Two Gray Wolves Apex Predator Wolfpack Winter Snow Sony A1 ILCE-1 Montana Grey Wolf Fine Art Wildlife Photography! Sony Alpha 1 & Sony FE Telephoto Zoom 70-200mm f/2.8 GM OSS! West Yellowstone Elliot McGucken Wildlife Photography Sony Alpha1 !
All my photography celebrates the physics of light! The McGucken Principle of the fourth expanding dimension: The fourth dimension is expanding at the rate of c relative to the three spatial dimensions: dx4/dt=ic .
Lao Tzu--The Tao: Nature does not hurry, yet everything is accomplished.
Light Time Dimension Theory: The Foundational Physics Unifying Einstein's Relativity and Quantum Mechanics: A Simple, Illustrated Introduction to the Unifying Physical Reality of the Fourth Expanding Dimensionsion dx4/dt=ic !: geni.us/Fa1Q
"Between every two pine trees there is a door leading to a new way of life." --John Muir
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“The clearest way into the Universe is through a forest wilderness.” --John Muir
Epic Poetry inspires all my photography: geni.us/9K0Ki Epic Poetry for Epic Landscape Photography: Exalt Fine Art Nature Photography with the Poetic Wisdom of John Muir, Emerson, Thoreau, Homer's Iliad, Milton's Paradise Lost & Dante's Inferno Odyssey
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Exalt your photography with Golden Ratio Compositions!
Golden Ratio Compositions & Secret Sacred Geometry for Photography, Fine Art, & Landscape Photographers: How to Exalt Art with Leonardo da Vinci's, Michelangelo's!
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A Simple Guide to the Principles of Fine Art Nature Photography: Master Composition, Lenses, Camera Settings, Aperture, ISO, ... Hero's Odyssey Mythology Photography)
All art is but imitation of nature.-- Seneca (Letters from a Stoic - Letter LXV: On the First Cause)
The universe itself is God and the universal outpouring of its soul. --Chrysippus (Quoted by Cicero in De Natura Deorum)
Photographs available as epic fine art luxury prints. For prints and licensing information, please send me a flickr mail or contact drelliot@gmail.com with your queries! All the best on your Epic Hero's Odyssey!
Continuing the New Year 2020 with something a bit different :)
These two pages are in one of my school note books - a useful way of utilising what we called our 'Rough Books' - I was an early adopter of Recycling :)
They show runway 23 arrivals as noted by me from the back bedroom and garden of my house in Southall :)
Highlights from the log books
Best highlight must be me 'copping' the famous Kar Air DC-6 OH-KDA at 01.19 in the morning!! I still had the airband radio on under my pillow and would have looked through my bedroom window as it growled over on 'Kar Air 713'. This was repeated many an early morning over on 23, and was often my first indication that they would be using 23 that day - happy days :)
More highlights
National 2 - the morning National DC-10
Icelandair 124 - using an Eagle Air Arnaflug Boeing 720 - now they had a nice livery
Speedbird Concorde 170 - 9 times out of 10 when they were on 23, Concorde still used 28L, as Concorde didn't mind crosswinds, but that day was an exception.
And three biz jets - HS. 125s G-BART, G-AVAI and G2 A40-AA
Interesting to note the different callsigns that British Airways used back then:
Speedbird - for long-haul ex BOAC flights
Bealine - for short-haul ex-BEA flights
Shuttle - for the mainly Trident 3 shuttle service (walk on walk off - the original 'no frills' service
Albion - Viscounts and sometimes the BAC 1-11s - these were the ex-Regional flights of Northeast airlines, swallowed up by BEA
Note the many missing registrations. Although they went right over my house, they were often still in cloud, even at 4 miles out - ask crusader752 :)
I can't believe I logged all the times! I think I might have been getting a bit obsessive :)
'Aircraft spotting or plane spotting is a hobby of tracking the movement of aircraft, which is often accomplished by photography. Besides monitoring aircraft, aircraft spotting enthusiasts (who are usually called plane spotters) also record information regarding airports, air traffic control communications and airline routes.'
See more here! en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_spotting
You can see a random selection of my aviation memories here: www.flickriver.com/photos/heathrowjunkie/random/
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All my photography celebrates the physics of light! dx4/dt=ic! Light Time Dimension Theory: The Foundational Physics Unifying Einstein's Relativity and Quantum Mechanics: A Simple, Illustrated Introduction to the Physical: geni.us/Fa1Q
Ralph Waldo Emerson. The happiest man is he who learns from nature the lesson of worship.
Lucius Annaeus Seneca: On entering a temple we assume all signs of reverence. How much more reverent then should we be before the heavenly bodies, the stars, the very nature of God!
I am getting a fat head. I feel compelled to brag a bit. I don't usually show more than Page 1 of my photos that were/are Explored by Flickr, and I don't even necessarily show Page 1 every time a new photo gets added. But this time, I have a *first* in 9 ½ years on Flickr. I had three of my photos chosen in a single day (November 20, 2014)! Almost always it is none or one, very rarely two, but three for me is amazing. So I am showing all 3 pages. Page 1 is the one with three in one day on it. I hope my viewers enjoy some of them.
1. Elderly Couple Walking Into the Fog, 2. Gorgeous Great White Egret, 3. I Like My Hawks Unleaded..., 4. Blue Pickup Truck with Taillights ~ a Rainting, 5. Two Little Girl Kittens, 6. Hooray! Arctic Tundra Swans are Back!, 7. Ribbon of Fog from Green Peak on to the North, 8. Autumn Trees Near Maple Ridge,
9. Big Fluffy Clouds & Reflections in McFadden Marsh, 10. Scrawny Tree Hill a Bit Somber & Spooky for Halloween, 11. Abandoned Store Window at Disston, Oregon USA, 12. Sweet Gum Tree (I think) from a Distance ~ Painterly, 13. McKenzie River, Lane County, Oregon ~ Painterly, 14. Sun Rays with Sort of Hidden Little Red Orb, 15. Vintage Metal Farm Equipment (Amazing), 16. One of My Favorite Shots Ever ~ 3 Beautiful Dogs Swimming & Fetching Cooperatively,
17. Caps for Toy Pistols, 18. Beautiful Fuzzy Weeds, 19. Great Blue Heron Catches Late Dinner, 20. Great Blue Heron Just Prancing Right Along, 21. Sunset Out My Rear Window ~ SOOC, 22. A Gazillion Gorgeous Pink, Red & White Poppies, 23. Sunrise with Red Orb and One Dark Duck, 24. Sunset with Red Orb,
25. Elk Family ~ Maybe Cow, Calf & Daddy?, 26. Quilt with Bare Trees (No Leaves Trees) ~ Best Viewed Large, 27. German Shepherd Looking Right at Me, 28. The Third Little Pig Foiled the Big Bad Wolf ~ But then Came that Darned Hurricane, 29. Sunrise from Out Back ~ July 8, 2014, 30. 5 Ducklings ~ I Like the One in Front with His Beak Open, 31. Male American Goldfinch ~ Carduelis tristis, 32. Female American Goldfinch ~ Carduelis tristis,
33. Grass is Great for Elk ~ They Eat Several Blades of It while They Hide Behind One, 34. Great Blue Heron in Flight ~ Looks Painterly but it is SOOC, 35. Gorgeous and Exotic Looking Flowers ~ Showy Milkweed, Asclepias speciosa, 36. More Grasses in Black & White, 37. Snake Like the One a Bittern Ate in One of My Photos Years Ago, 38. Magenta or Cerise Wildflowers with Yellow Centers, 39. Guess What I Saw at the Hospital Yesterday ~ 2 Deer with Cute Antlers, 40. Best Viewed Large to Spot all the Creatures Here,
41. Poppies Sandwiched Between Earth and Sky ~ Painterly, 42. Field of Poppies and Orchard with Tiny Specks of Sheep, 43. More Poppies Swaying in the Breeze, 44. Bittern Stalking the Next Meal ~ Get a Load of that Right Foot, 45. Female Cinnamon Teal Duck Shows Off Pure White Feathers Under Her Wing, 46. Male Cinnamon Teal Duck Stretching & Fanning Out Some of His Feathers ~ EXPLORED, 47. Part of a Large Herd of Elk ~ Best Viewed Large, 48. Cutest Cinnamon Teal Duck Pair Ever!,
49. Used to Be Quaint Little Pink House ~ Now Entrance is Boarded Up, 50. Don't Laugh ~ It's My First Time Photographing a Hummingbird, 51. Sunrise at McFadden Marsh with Guardrail and Fence, 52. Which 2 out of these 4 do you like the best? This is #6993, 53. Which 2 out of these 3 do you like the best? This is #7004, 54. Matt & Thomas Bringing Down a Huge Tree, 55. Pigeon Butte & Queen Anne's Lace or Wild Carrot, 56. Hey Man, We Have Here a Barn, a Marsh and a Rainbow with Like Some Way Weird Processing, Ya Know?,
57. Canada Geese, One Show-Off & Some Small Birds, 58. Quaint Old Barn that I Like, 59. Gorgeous Hawk at William L Finley National Wildlife Refuge, 60. Sunset out My Window, 61. Swans in Flight (Parts of Seven of Them), 62. Tchaikovsky ~ A Noble Looking Long-Haired Cat, 63. Christmas Tree Made Out of Books, 64. Trees in Front Yard ~ Almost Black & White ~ Some Specks of Color,
65. Blueberry Bushes & Poplar Windbreak on the Way Out ~ Painterly, 66. Bulldog in Muddy Black Truck ~ Light Rain, 67. Freshly Painted Fence Ornamentation at US Post Office, Corvallis, Oregon, 68. ************************************************ Some of the 29,000 Canada Geese Coming Back for the Winter, 69. It's Not Snow! It is Super Artsy Techniques on my Photo of a Very Hard Rain, 70. Concrete Cluster Benches at Corvallis Riverfront Park, 71. Sunlit Clouds & Douglas Fir Trees in My Back Yard, 72. Giant Marshmallow Farm
Created with fd's Flickr Toys
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All my photography celebrates the physics of light! The McGucken Principle of the fourth expanding dimension: The fourth dimension is expanding at the rate of c relative to the three spatial dimensions: dx4/dt=ic .
Lao Tzu--The Tao: Nature does not hurry, yet everything is accomplished.
All art is but imitation of nature.-- Seneca (Letters from a Stoic - Letter LXV: On the First Cause)
Light Time Dimension Theory: The Foundational Physics Unifying Einstein's Relativity and Quantum Mechanics: A Simple, Illustrated Introduction to the Unifying Physical Reality of the Fourth Expanding Dimensionsion dx4/dt=ic !: geni.us/Fa1Q
"Between every two pine trees there is a door leading to a new way of life." --John Muir
Epic Stoicism guides my fine art odyssey and photography: geni.us/epicstoicism
“The clearest way into the Universe is through a forest wilderness.” --John Muir
Epic Poetry inspires all my photography: geni.us/9K0Ki Epic Poetry for Epic Landscape Photography: Exalt Fine Art Nature Photography with the Poetic Wisdom of John Muir, Emerson, Thoreau, Homer's Iliad, Milton's Paradise Lost & Dante's Inferno Odyssey
“The mountains are calling and I must go.” --John Muir
Epic Art & 45EPIC Gear exalting golden ratio designs for your Hero's Odyssey:
Some of my epic books, prints, & more!
Exalt your photography with Golden Ratio Compositions!
Golden Ratio Compositions & Secret Sacred Geometry for Photography, Fine Art, & Landscape Photographers: How to Exalt Art with Leonardo da Vinci's, Michelangelo's!
Epic Landscape Photography:
A Simple Guide to the Principles of Fine Art Nature Photography: Master Composition, Lenses, Camera Settings, Aperture, ISO, ... Hero's Odyssey Mythology Photography)
The universe itself is God and the universal outpouring of its soul. --Chrysippus (Quoted by Cicero in De Natura Deorum)
Photographs available as epic fine art luxury prints. For prints and licensing information, please send me a flickr mail or contact drelliot@gmail.com with your queries! All the best on your Epic Hero's Odyssey!
May 2, 1985
The provincial election was held. PC candidates Bob Mitchell and Norm Sterling were both reelected. Kanata Standard, May 9, 1985:2.
May 2, 1985
It was reported in the Standard that Kanata’s earnings per capita was the third highest in Canada. Kanata Standard, May 2, 1985:1.
May 2, 1985
It was reported in the Standard that the Kanata Arts Council would to become a registered charitable society. Kanata Standard, May 2, 1985:16.
May 2, 1985
Mitel Corporation posted its second year of big losses; in fiscal 1984 it was $32.4 million. Kanata Standard, May 2, 1985:24.
May 3, 1985
Two Kanata residents, Robert Dunne and Juliette Geroux, were killed in a motorcycle crash on the Queensway.
May 5, 1985
Susan Mostyn, Marie Patten, and Kim Patten won first place in the tandem women’s division of the Upper Jock River Canoe Race. It took them three hours and thirty-one minutes to finish. Kanata Standard, May 23, 1985:22.
May 6, 1985
A public meeting was held by OC Transpo. About 45 residents turned out to oppose the elimination of Route 162, which linked Glen Cairn to Bayshore Shopping Centre. Kanata Standard, May 16, 1985:1-2.
May 7, 1985
Campeau Corporation unveiled plans to Kanata City Council and residents for developing Town Centre lands. The proposal was for 929 houses in the southwest quadrant of Town Centre development lands, bordered by Katimavik Drive, the Queensway, Castlefrank Drive, and Terry Fox Drive. The plans called for a density of 15-18 units per acre. Jo-Anne Trounce wrote that the major concern about the plan for the residents was the “complete lack of facilities” within the proposed area. Kanata Standard, May 9, 1985:1; Kanata Standard, May 16, 1985:8.
May 7, 1985
Kanata City Council named City Clerk Brian Switzer as the new City Administrator. This move was part of many recommendations of an Accountability Study conducted by consultant Ward Mallette. The controversial position of Coordinator was renamed and expanded in the announcement. Alderman Des Adam, who had been arguing for the creation of a Chief Administrator position for the past two years, seemed satisfied with the appointment. Kanata Standard, May 9, 1985:1,2.
May 8, 1985
The Kanata Theatre opened its presentation of Living Together. Leslie Jones wrote in her review of the production that it “came and went too quickly to have any real impact on the audience.” Martin Haynes starred. Kanata Standard, May 16, 1985:9.
May 9, 1985
Kanata-based Lumonics Inc. announced that they were on track towards making record profits for 1985. The firm was the third-largest laser manufacturer in the world. Kanata Standard, May 9, 1985:20.
May 14, 1985
Kanata City Council rejected a plea for tighter gun control in rural March from the March Rural Association. Alderman Adam, who represented the rural Ward, was the only member to vote in favour of the proposal, stating that “somebody will be shot, then they’ll fix it.” Mayor Wilkinson later stated, in her Commentary, that the City’s current By-Law was the most restrictive in the region. Kanata Standard, May 16, 1985:1-2; Kanata Standard, May 23, 1985:3.
May 16, 1985
Dunrobin resident Michele LeBoldus was appointed a TV Ontario eastern regional councillor. Kanata Standard, May 16, 1985:23.
May 16, 1985
Artec Canada Ltd. pooled resources under a new umbrella organization called the Artec Group. Kanata Standard, May 16, 1985:24.
May 16, 1985
The Glen Cairn Community Association held its Annual Meeting and elected a new Executive, including Yolande Adams, Doug Parsons, Kim Sherwin, Larry Ferrari, Terry McKever and Carolyn McIntyre. Kanata Standard, May 23, 1985:11.
May 17, 1985
There was confusion over whether or not the new wards could be set up in time for the 1985 fall election. City Clerk Frank Wilson said that it was unlikely. Mayor Wilkinson said that she would pressure the Ontario Municipal Board to effect the changes before August 20, the last day for a change according to the Municipal Act. Kanata Standard, May 23, 1985:1.
May 17, 1985
The Earl of March girls’ track team and field team won the aggregate championship at the Carleton Board Track Meet. Elyse Chan was named top female senior athlete at the meet. Sherry Sparling was named top junior female athlete. Other competitors included Phillip Hughes, Trevor Payne, Barry Pudlow, and Jageir Sandu. Kanata Standard, May 23, 1985:25.
May 20, 1985
Amnesty Week began allowing library patrons to return overdue books and magazines without penalty. Kanata Standard, May 16, 1985:9.
May 23, 1985
Four break-ins were reported over the long weekend. Kanata Standard, May 23, 1985:1.
May 23, 1985
The Ontario Municipal Board informed the City of Kanata that there would be new ward boundaries in time for the November elections. Kanata City Council had passed the boundary changes on March 12. A Standard editorial stated: “The change in the ward system seems small at the outset, but it represents a shift in power, however slight, which could swing important votes in the future. Congratulations to our present council for recognizing the subtleties and making this important decision.” Kanata Standard, May 30, 1985:1,2.
May 23, 1985
Kanata OPP seized $1,500 worth of drugs from a Beaverbrook home. Clinton Blizzard was charged with possession of narcotics for the purposes of trafficking. Kanata Standard, May 30, 1985:1.
May 25, 1985
Mayfair began, with a variety of events ranging from a Craft Fair, Dance, and a Beer Garden. The residents of Amundsen-Chimo won the prize for their float. The plant sale was a “big hit.” The Standard reported: “And a good time was had by all.” Kanata Standard, May 16, 1985:4; Kanata Standard, May 30, 1985:4-7,10.
May 28, 1985
Alderman Niebergall announced in a Kanata City Council meeting that a referendum should be held to decide what type of indoor pool the citizens want. He had recently outlined in his Katimavik-Hazeldean Report the progress of the indoor pool issue and the Indoor Pool Project Management Committee. A Consultant had been hired to analyze their options in the Committees findings, and his report was due in July. Niebergall said that if the city can hold a referendum on something like nuclear disarmament, then residents could also decide on something more in their control, like what type of pool to build. Kanata Standard, May 23, 1985; Kanata Standard, May 30, 1985:1.
May 28, 1985
Alderman Des Adam said that he was considering running for Mayor in the fall election. He intended to announce his decision three weeks later. Kanata Standard, May 30, 1985:1.
May 28, 1985
Kanata City Council gave approval to the first high-rise apartment in Katimavik-Hazeldean for the summer of 1986. Kanata Standard, May 30, 1985:1.
May 30, 1985
Siltronics Ltd. of Kanata reported an operating loss of the nine-month period ending March 30, 1985. Kanata Standard, May 30, 1985:22.
May 30, 1985
Trillium Telephone Systems Inc. announced that it had won a contract with Edmonton Telephone. Orders were expected to reach $1 million by the end of the year. Kanata Standard, May 30, 1985:1.
May 30, 1985
Bell Northern Research opened its new $37.4 million Lab 3 facility. This brought the number of employees at the site to 2,300. Kanata Standard, June 6, 1985:22.
May 30, 1985
It was reported in the Standard that Medialand, the area’s first high-tech fuel company, opened in the Mallorn Centre. Kanata Standard, June 6, 1985:22.
June 1, 1985
The Kanata March Montessori School celebrated its 10th Birthday. Kanata Standard, June 20, 1985:7.
June 2, 1985
Greg Olson, for the second year in a row, won the Kanata Pro-Am Golf Tournament held at the Kanata Golf and Country Club. Kanata Standard, June 6, 1985:24.
June 3, 1985
The Katimavik-Hazeldean Community Association held its Annual General Meeting. Newly elected Executives included Stuart Galbraith, Chuck Lapkoff, Joyce Farrell, and Joanne Trounce. Kanata Standard, June 6, 1985:13.
June 4, 1985
Kanata City Council turned down in a tied vote a proposal to swap its building lots in Belleview Heights for Campeau Corporation lots on Decarlo Gardens in Katimavik-Hazeldean. The deal would have cost the City $200,000. The plan was put forth by Alderman Niebergall, aimed to supplement gains already made to Hewitt Park, and he argued that the decision that was made would “reduce the spectrum of uses for the park.” In his Katimavik-Hazeldean Report, Niebergall explained that Campeau proposed a 20-lot subdivision on the four-acre parcel, which would result in the complete loss of the woods on the site “which is the best in Katimavik/Hazeldean.” A park consultant and City staff had been against placing these lots within the park, since they would reduce the street frontage of much of the park. Standard, June 6, 1985:1; Kanata Standard, June 13, 1985:3,23.
June 4, 1985
Kanata City Council agreed to pay $50,000 for new lights in the Glen Cairn Arena. Kanata Standard, June 6, 1985:1.
June 4, 1985
Kanata City Council agreed that Mayor Wilkinson, as a representative on Regional Council, would vote against a motion to take the delivery of day care services away from the municipalities and give it to the regional government. Kanata Standard, June 6, 1985:1.
June 5, 1985
A man in his early 20s was seen committing an indecent act in the A.Y. Jackson schoolyard. A similar incident occurred recently. Kanata Standard, June 13, 1985:1.
June 5, 1985
The Kanata Beaverbrook Community Association named Sharon Tate and Neil MacLeod as man and woman of the year. Kanata Standard, June 13, 1985:10.
June 6, 1984
Six more break-ins were reported over the previous weekend. Kanata Standard, June 6, 1985:1
June 6, 1985
Alderman Niebergall announced that he would not be seeking reelection in the fall. Kanata Standard, June 6, 1985:3.
June 6, 1985
Alderman Des Adam, in his March Notebook, entered into a discussion on how he felt that Campeau Corporation hindered commercial development as the major landowner in Kanata. He stated: “I would propose that since Campeau Corporation is the major landowner in the Kanata North Industrial Park, the only vacant landowner in the Kanata Town Centre, and the principal landowner in Marchwood-Lakeside, that Kanata Council use its very considerable powers of persuasion to request that a percentage of Campeau’s industrial and commercial lands be made available for sale at market value as a condition precedent to the development of any of their residential holdings.” He continued a week later, saying that this was to ensure that industrial development kept up with residential building, otherwise there would be an increased tax burden on homeowners. Kanata Standard, June 6, 1985:4; Kanata Standard, June 13, 1985:3.
June 6, 1985
The first of two public meetings held on the indoor pool issue was held. More than 60 residents attended. Many possible designs were presented, ranging from a standard rectangular pool to an elaborate leisure/wave pool. J. Birch wrote on the meeting in the Standard, and stated that the meeting was very informative. Birch also indicated that City officials and the indoor committee seemed to be “strongly in favour of the leisure pool concept and appeared to have already written off the idea of a rectangular pool.” The next meeting was set for June 27. Kanata Standard, June 13, 1985: 1,31; Kanata Standard, June 27, 1985:4.
June 7, 1985
Police seized $2,000 worth of narcotics from a Kanata home at 108 Barrow Crescent, two weeks after a similar incident on Salter Crescent. Kanata Standard, June 13, 1985:1.
June 9, 1985
The Annual General meeting of the Kanata Theatre was held. Members of the Executive included Brooke Keneford, Ron Maslin, Barrie Kirk, Ann Williams, Laurence Thornton, Dewi Williams, Betty Francis, Jenny Haynes, Margaret Jardine, Andrea Sajrajsl, and Joan Ritchie. Kanata Standard, June 13, 1985:16.
June 11, 1985
Kanata City Council gave tentative approval for a $50,000 loan to the Kanata Riding Club. Kanata Standard, June 13, 1985:1.
June 11, 1985
City administrator Brian Switzer said that construction on the proposed new City Hall could begin as early as 1989. Kanata Standard, June 13, 1985:2.
June 12, 1985
Ev Anderson of Kanata was the winner at the Kanata-Texaco Ladies’ Invitational Golf Tournament. Kanata Standard, June 20, 1985:22.
June 13, 1985
Digital Equipment of Canada announced that it was moving 115 marketing-related employees to Toronto from the Kanata head office over the next two years. Kanata Standard, June 13, 1985:25.
June 13, 1985
Atomic Energy of Canada Limited announced the signing of a new contract to the National Atomic Energy Agency of Indonesia. Kanata Standard, June 13, 1985:25.
June 14, 1985
Police arrested Denis Morin and Leo Lalonde for a break-in in Katimavik. Over $5,000 worth of merchandise was recovered. Kanata Standard, June 20, 1985:1.
June 15, 1985
The Parkview Art Gallery was opened. Over 450 people attended. It was the first art showplace in the west end of Ottawa. Kanata Standard, June 20, 1985:6.
June 16, 1985
An official sod-turning ceremony was held for the future Holy Redeemer Roman Catholic Church. Kanata Standard, June 20, 1985:19.
June 18, 1985
Mayor Wilkinson announced that the Ontario government would contribute $785,000 towards establishing the Kanata Enterprise Centre. As Ron Boyd explained in the Standard, the Centre was to provide supportive facilities for entrepreneurs and newly formed small businesses to be nursed in an attempt to increase the success rate of small business in Canada. The first Board of Directors of the Kanata Enterprise Corporation was named shortly after. Andrew Nellestyn was named Chairmen of the economic committee. Kanata Standard, June 20, 1985:1; Kanata Standard, June 20, 1985:20; Kanata Standard, July 4, 1985:16.
June 18, 1985
Kanata City Council approved the Town Centre as the site for further evaluation of an indoor pool, based on a recommendation by the Indoor Pool Committee and the advice of the City’s consultants. Kanata Standard, June 20, 1985:1.
June 20, 1985
Leslie Jones wrote in a feature in the Standard about families on welfare in Kanata and a referral service that was set up to deal with the issue. In 1983 there were ten families in Kanata on welfare. By 1984, it increased by nearly 12 times. Kanata Standard, June 20, 1985:1.
June 20, 1985
Leslie Jones wrote a feature in the Standard on an increasing demand for rental housing in Kanata. The City’s vacancy rate at the time was less than 1 percent. Jones outlined various areas and discussed rental figures and some of the implications of them. Kanata Standard, June 20, 1985:4.
June 23, 1985
Five Kanata residents were killed in an Air India crash. All four members of the Jain family lost their lives in the disaster while traveling to visit family. They were Om Jain and his wife Indu, and their two children, Riki, 17 and Ruchi, 17. Don Lougheed, 49, traveling on a business trip, was also killed. They were among the 329 people who died when the Air India Boeing 747 jumbo jet exploded over the Atlantic Ocean near Ireland. It was to refuel in London and continue to Bombay. Kanata Standard, June 27, 1985:1.
June 23, 1985
Erskine Johnston Public School teacher, Gail Madelaine, 36, died after having a heart and lungs transplant operation in London, Ontario. She taught French at the school from 1978 until 1983. Kanata Standard, July 11, 1985:7.
June 25, 1985
Mastercraft Development Corporation’s request for an oversized sign on Teron Drive was turned down by Kanata City Council. It was to be 16 ft. high and 20 ft. wide, much larger than permitted in the City by-laws. Ron Andoff later wrote in the Standard: “A trip around the city reveals an abundance of signs advertising everything from city parks to hamburgers to homes. Most of the signs are legitimate efforts by local businesses to attract customers. Some, however, have no purpose and are slowly decaying by the roadsides.” Kanata Standard, June 27, 1985:1; Kanata Standard, July 4, 1985:5.
June 25, 1985
Campeau Corporation received approval from Kanata City Council for a 48,000 square foot combination office and manufacturing building at the corner of Richardson Side Road and Carling Avenue. Kanata Standard, June 27, 1985:1.
June 25, 1985
Bill Berry, president of the Pinhey’s Point Foundation, announced his candidacy for Alderman in Rural March. Kanata Standard, June 27, 1985:2.
June 27, 1985
The City of Kanata Auditor’s Report for 1984 was published in the Standard. Kanata Standard, June 27, 1985:18-19.
June 27, 1985
The second public meeting on the indoor pool issue was held. Nearly 70 people attended. The design that seemed to be preferred was one that was essentially two pools in one building. It was also the most expensive, estimated at over $3 million. No final decision was made at this meeting. Kanata Standard, July 4, 1985:1.
July 1, 1985
A brief ceremony was held to commemorate the official beginning of City policing by the OPP. The new service began on July 1 despite the fact that the contract between the City and the province had not yet been signed. Mayor Wilkinson said that the proposed contract phase-in period was not what was originally negotiated. The proposed contract had Kanata taking over 100 percent of the costs by July 1986. However, earlier agreements had said 1987. Kanata Standard, July 4, 1985:6.
July 1, 1985
About 600 people took part in the Canada Day celebrations at Bluegrass Park in Bridlewood. Kanata Standard, July 11, 1985:8.
July 4, 1985
It was reported in the Standard that J. Scott Morris, treasurer for the City of Kanata, had recently resigned. There were indications that Council had asked him to resign following a unanimous vote. Kanata Standard, July 4, 1985:1.
July 4, 1985
It was reported in a feature in the Standard by John Good that Kanata naturalist Martha Webber had formed a company to offer short nature tours in the Ottawa Valley. Kanata Standard, July 4, 1985:14.
July 5, 1985
A fire broke out at the home of John and Maureen Rodney while they were out. There was about $10,000 damage. Kanata Standard, July 4, 1985:1.
July 9, 1985
Kanata City Council reversed a previous decision and agreed to give Campeau Corporation five lots in Belleview Heights rather than along Decarlo Gardens. This released the company’s obligation to develop Hewitt Park and Dorey Park. The deal cost the City approximately $350,000. There had been concern over building in a portion of Hewitt Park. As one resident stated: “It is a resource which can never be bought back at any price.” The issue was brought back to Council by Alderman Niebergall. Kanata Standard, July 11, 1985:1,5.
July 9, 1985
Kanata City Council decided that there would not be a referendum on the indoor pool issue. Alderman Niebergall had originally suggested that a referendum be held to decide on various indoor pool proposals. Aldermen Niebergall, Adam, and McKee voted for the referendum. Alderman Lund voted against the proposal because he found referenda divisive rather than conciliatory while growing up in western Canada where all money issues were put to the voters, and added: “If the public wants people on council who want the things they want, they should vote for them.” Kanata Standard, July 11, 1985:1.
July 10, 1985
The Joint Board Hearing was held to deal with the Ontario Hydro’s proposed transmission line. The Board was expected to make a decision in September. The controversy had for some time been over the proposed route for new lines through Bridlewood. Kanata Standard, July 18, 1985:1.
July 10, 1985
Kanata resident Bob Slipp won the Summer 10K Road Race. His time was 31 minutes, 4 seconds. Kanata Standard, July 18, 1985:19.
July 11, 1985
Hank Docter announced his candidacy for Kanata’s first Alderman-at-Large position. Kanata Standard, July 11, 1985:2.
July 11, 1985
Trillium Telephone Systems of Kanata reported its best quarter since the company was founded in August 1983. They made a profit of $510,000 on revenues of $9.3 million in the three months ending May 24. Kanata Standard, July 11, 1985:16.
July 11, 1985
Mitel Corporation of Kanata announced a net loss of $15.2 million in the first quarter of fiscal 1986. Kanata Standard, July 11, 1985:16.
July 11, 1985
A new competitive Kanata Bantam softball team of twelve girls was formed after a round of try-out sessions. They were Carolyn Hunter, Sylvie Brule, Cara Doxsee, Kristi Snider, Mandy Smith, Carey Mason, Kim Rubbra, Amy Lefrancois, Melissa Wheeler, Jodi Dixon, Jennifer Roundell, and Jodi Briese. Kanata Standard, July 11, 1985:18.
July 16, 1985
Kanata City Council decided that if a pool was to be built, the choice of designs would be a combination leisure and competition pool. The vote was unanimous. The decision was partially based on two previous public meetings on the issue. Kanata City Council preferred the lands owned by Campeau Corporation adjacent to the Town Centre as the site for the new pool. Kanata Standard, July 18, 1985:1,3.
July 23, 1985
Maureen Meikle was named the new deputy City Clerk by Kanata City Council. Kanata Standard, July 18, 1985:1.
July 23, 1985
Kanata City Council gave Canadian Marconi Company approval to expand in Phase III of its Kanata operation. Kanata Standard, July 18, 1985:17.
July 25, 1985
It was reported that construction had begun on the new Marchwood-Lakeside community, after many years of debate and planning. Kanata Standard, July 18, 1985:9.
July 27, 1985
Kanata resident Craig Penstone, 18, was seriously injured in a collision between his motorcycle and an automobile. Kanata Standard, August 1, 1985:1.
August 6, 1985
Kanata City Council heard tenders for the development of Walter Baker Park, which were all much higher than anticipated by Council. While $915,000 had been set aside for the work, the tenders placed the cost at $2.4 million. Council decided to rethink the entire concept of the Park. Kanata Standard, August 8, 1985:1.
August 6, 1985
Kanata City Council approved a townhouse development at the corner of Lombardo Drive and Pickford Drive as long as the proposed number of unites was reduced. The representative from MacDonald Homes objected to this type of stipulation and argued that Council had no right to “control density” in such a way when he was operating with the limits of what the site was zoned for. Kanata Standard, August 8, 1985:1.
August 6, 1985
Kanata City Council agreed to purchase 90.5 acres for $1.8 million in the Kanata South Industrial Park for a municipal industrial park. Much of the argument for the purchase centered on creating a better balance between residential and commercial sites as well as having more control over development. In his March Notebook, Des Adam stressed the need to reduce the tax burden for residents by developing a stronger commercial-industrial base. Adam also stated in a later Notebook: “It is a very large step forward for Kanata in enabling the City to attract new industry. But it is only the first step.” Kanata Standard, August 8, 1985:1,2-3; Kanata Standard, August 15, 1985:3,20.
August 8, 1985
It was reported that Kanata resident Phillip Hughes, 18,would compete in the Canada Summer Games. He was seen as one of the country’s top hurdlers. Kanata Standard, August 8, 1985:19-20.
August 13, 1985
Kanata resident and noted artist Bill Zuro died after a lengthy illness. Kanata Standard, August 22, 1985:2.
August 15, 1985
Leslie Jones wrote an article in the Standard: 628 bylaws control community standards. The City of Kanata had 628 by-laws that could result in fines of up to $2,000 if violated. They ranged from noise issues, commercial ground maintenance, aesthetic infractions, etc. The most recent issue was the proposed above-ground pool by-law, which would prohibit above-ground pools in Katimavik-Hazeldean and Beaverbrook. Jones pointed out that most of the enforcement was reactionary, often the result of a complaint. Kanata Standard, August 15, 1985:5.
August 15, 1985
The Atomic Energy of Canada Limited urged over half of its employees in the medical division to leave the company. A special bonus package was offered as compensation. Kanata Standard, August 15, 1985:20.
August 20, 1985
All members of Kanata City Council voted against the proposed above-ground swimming pool ban. On August 8, the Bridlewood Community Association at a Board of Directors Meeting decided not to support a ban on above-ground pools in Bridlewood. Alderman Niebergall had originally made the proposal, after hearing from residents that they felt these pools were unattractive. They felt that this could discriminate against residents financially. Kanata Standard, August 15, 1985:6; Kanata Standard, August 22, 1985:1.
August 20, 1985
Kanata City Council decided that the seven-year old Town Centre Secondary Plan would be reviewed and updated. Jim Stewart later commented: “What must be remembered in this, however, is that the plan was intended to create a city centre--a downtown for a city with a projected population over 80,000. The question is whether this remains a realistic objective. If it is, then me must ensure that the secondary plan incorporates the features and amenities of a downtown which we can all be proud of. If it is not, we must reduce the densities which were envisioned for its commercial viability.” Kanata Standard, August 22, 1985:1; Kanata Standard, August 29, 1985:5.
August 22, 1985
It was reported in the Standard that Aldermen Sheila McKee, Paul Niebergall and Charlie Rogers had announced that they would not seek reelection. At the time only Des Adam and Marianne Wilkinson had announced their intent to run for Mayor in the November 12 election. Kanata Standard, August 22, 1985:1.
August 22, 1985
Lumonics Inc. of Kanata reported a second quarter profit of $1.4 million. Kanata Standard, August 22, 1985:18.
August 22, 1985
It was reported in the Standard that Kanata resident Jennifer Kalnitsky won the 12-and-under consolation title at the Canadian Junior Tennis Championships in Toronto. Her older sister Alex, 15, was also a top-ranked tennis player. Kanata Standard, August 22, 1985:20; Kanata Standard, August 29, 1985:4.
August 28, 1985
Mayor Marianne Wilkinson was acclaimed president of the Association of Municipalities of Ontario. Kanata Standard, August 29, 1985:1.
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The flag of the United States of America consists of 13 equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton bearing 50 small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars. The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 U.S. states and the 13 stripes represent the original Thirteen Colonies that rebelled against the British Crown and became the first states in the Union.[1] Nicknames for the flag include the stars and stripes, Old Glory,[2] the American flag, and the star-spangled banner (also the name of the country's official national anthem).
Because of its symbolism, the starred blue canton is called the "union". This part of the national flag can stand alone as a maritime flag called the Union Jack.
Symbolism
The flag of the United States is one of the nation's widely recognized and used symbols. Within the U.S. it is frequently displayed, not only on public buildings, but on private residences, as well as iconically in forms such as decals for car windows, and clothing ornaments such as badges and lapel pins. Throughout the world it is used in public discourse to refer to the U.S., both as a nation state, government, and set of policies, but also as an ideology and set of ideas.
Many understand the flag to represent the freedoms and rights guaranteed in the U.S. Constitution and its Bill of Rights and perhaps most of all to be a symbol of individual and personal liberty as set forth in the Declaration of Independence. The flag is a complex and contentious symbol, around which emotions run high.
Apart from the numbers of stars and stripes representing the number of current and original states, respectively, and the union with its stars representing a constellation, there is no legally defined symbolism to the colors and shapes on the flag. However, folk theories and traditions abound; for example, that the stripes refer to rays of sunlight and that the stars refer to the heavens, the highest place that a person could aim to reach.[4] Tradition holds that George Washington proclaimed: "We take the stars from Heaven, the red from our mother country, separating it by white stripes, thus showing that we have separated from her, and the white stripes shall go down to posterity representing Liberty."
Design
Specification
The basic design of the current flag is specified by 4 U.S.C. § 1; 4 U.S.C. § 2 outlines the addition of new stars to represent new states. The specification gives the following values:
* Hoist (width) of the flag: A = 1.0
* Fly (length) of the flag: B = 1.9[6]
* Hoist (width) of the Union: C = 0.5385 (A x 7/13, spanning seven stripes)
* Fly (length) of the Union: D = 0.76 (B × 2/5, two fifths of the flag length)
* E = F = 0.0538 (C/10, One tenth the height of the field of stars)
* G = H = 0.0633 (D/12, One twelfth the width of the field of stars)
* Diameter of star: K = 0.0616
* Width of stripe: L = 0.0769 (A/13, One thirteenth of the flag width)
Colors
The exact shades of red, white, and blue to be used in the flag are specified as follows:
Dark Red 70180 193 C #BF0A30 (191,10,48)
White 70001 Safe #FFFFFF (255,255,255)
Navy Blue 70075 281 C #002868 (0,40,104)
The 49- and 50-star unions
When Alaska and Hawaii were being considered for statehood in the 1950s, more than 1,500 designs were spontaneously submitted to President Dwight D. Eisenhower. Although some of them were 49-star versions, the vast majority were 50-star proposals. At least three, and probably more, of these designs were identical to the present design of the 50-star flag.[10] At the time, credit was given by the Executive Department to the United States Army Institute of Heraldry for the design.
Of these proposals, one created by 18-year old Robert G. Heft in 1958 as a school project has received the most publicity. His mother was a seamstress, but refused to do any of the work for him. He originally received a B- for the project. After discussing the grade with his teacher, it was agreed (somewhat jokingly) that if the flag was accepted by Congress, the grade would be reconsidered. Heft's flag design was chosen and adopted by presidential proclamation after Alaska and before Hawaii was admitted into the union in 1959. He got an A.
Decoration
Traditionally, the flag may be decorated with golden fringe surrounding the perimeter of the flag as long as it does not deface the flag proper. Ceremonial displays of the flag, such as those in parades or on indoor posts, often utilize fringe to enhance the beauty of the flag. The first recorded use of fringe on a flag dates from 1835, and the Army used it officially in 1895. No specific law governs the legality of fringe, but a 1925 opinion of the attorney general addresses the use of fringe (and the number of stars) "...is at the discretion of the Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy..." as quoted from footnote in previous volumes of Title 4 of the United States Code law books and is a source for claims that such a flag is a military ensign not civilian. However, according to the Army Institute of Heraldry, which has official custody of the flag designs and makes any change ordered, there are no implications of symbolism in the use of fringe.
Flag etiquette
Main article: United States Flag Code
The United States Flag Code outlines certain guidelines for the use, display, and disposal of the flag. For example, the flag should never be dipped to any person or thing, unless it is the ensign responding to a salute from a ship of a foreign nation. (This tradition comes from the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, where countries were asked to dip their flag to King Edward VII: the American team captain Martin Sheridan refused, famously proclaiming that "this flag dips to no earthly king."[13]). The flag should never be allowed to touch the ground and, if flown at night, must be illuminated. If the edges become tattered through wear, the flag should be repaired or replaced. When a flag is so tattered that can no longer serve as a symbol of the United States, it should be destroyed in a dignified manner, preferably by burning. The American Legion and other organizations regularly conduct dignified flag-burning ceremonies, often on Flag Day, June 14. It is a common myth that if a flag touches the ground or a flag that is soiled must be burned as well. While a flag that is currently touching the ground and a soiled flag are unfit for display, neither situation is permanent and thus the flag does not need to be burned if the unfit situation is remedied. [14]
Although US Flag Code states that "The flag should not be used as part of a costume or athletic uniform, except that a flag patch may be used on the uniform of military personnel, firefighters, police officers, and members of patriotic organizations", many athletic teams have worn the flag as a part of their uniform. Notably, Major League Baseball placed the flag on the back of all uniforms following the 9/11 attacks, and the US team in the 2006 World Baseball Classic wore a flag patch on their left sleeve. For Independence Day and 9/11 2008, with the exception of the Toronto Blue Jays, All MLB teams will wear navy-blue versions of their hats, with an American flag imposed inside their own logo.
Although the Flag Code is U.S. Federal law, there is no penalty for failure to comply with the Flag Code and it is not widely enforced—indeed, punitive enforcement would conflict with the First Amendment right to freedom of speech. Passage of the proposed Flag Desecration Amendment would overrule legal precedent that has been established in this area.
Folding the flag
Though not part of the official Flag Code, according to military custom flags should be folded into a triangular shape when not in use. (The Philippines, a former American territory, also has this custom for folding its flag.) To properly fold the flag:
1. Begin by holding it waist-high with another person so that its surface is parallel to the ground.
2. Fold the lower half of the stripe section lengthwise over the field of stars, holding the bottom and top edges securely.
3. Fold the flag again lengthwise with the blue field on the outside.
4. Make a rectangular fold then a triangular fold by bringing the striped corner of the folded edge to meet the open top edge of the flag. Starting the fold from the left side over to the right
5. Turn the outer end point inward, parallel to the open edge, to form a second triangle.
6. The triangular folding is continued until the entire length of the flag is folded in this manner (usually thirteen triangular folds, as shown at right). On the final fold, any remnant that does not neatly fold into a triangle (or in the case of exactly even folds, the last triangle) is tucked into the previous fold.
7. When the flag is completely folded, only a triangular blue field of stars should be visible.
Display
The flag is customarily flown year-round at most public buildings, and it is not unusual to find private houses flying full-size flags. Some private use is year-round, but becomes widespread on civic holidays like Memorial Day, Veterans Day, Presidents' Day, Flag Day, and on Independence Day. On Memorial Day it is common to place small flags by war memorials and next to the graves of U.S. war veterans.
Places of continuous display
By presidential proclamation, acts of Congress, and custom, American flags are displayed continuously at certain locations.
* Replicas of the Star Spangled Banner Flag (15 stars, 15 stripes) are flown at two sites in Baltimore, Maryland: Fort McHenry National Monument and Historic Shrine (Presidential Proclamation No. 2795, July 2, 1948) and Flag House Square (Public Law 83-319, approved March 26, 1954).
* United States Marine Corps War Memorial (Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima), Arlington, Virginia (Presidential Proclamation No. 3418, June 12, 1961).
* Lexington, Massachusetts Town Green (Public Law 89-335, approved November 8, 1965).
* The White House, Washington, DC (Presidential Proclamation No. 4000, September 4, 1970).
* Fifty U.S. Flags are displayed continuously at the Washington Monument, Washington, DC. (Presidential Proclamation No. 4064, July 6, 1971, effective July 4, 1971).
* By order of Richard Nixon at United States Customs Service Ports of Entry that are continuously open (Presidential Proclamation No. 4131, May 5, 1972).
* By Congressional decree, a Civil War era flag (for the year 1863) flies above Pennsylvania Hall (Old Dorm) at Gettysburg College. This building, occupied by both sides at various points of the Battle of Gettysburg, served as a lookout and battlefield hospital.
* Grounds of the National Memorial Arch in Valley Forge NHP, Valley Forge, Pennsylvania (Public Law 94-53, approved July 4, 1975).
* Mount Slover limestone quarry (Colton Liberty Flag), in Colton, California (Act of Congress). First raised July 4, 1917.[15]
* Washington Camp Ground, part of the former Middlebrook encampment, Bridgewater, New Jersey, Thirteen Star Flag, by Act of Congress.
* By custom, at the Maryland home, birthplace, and grave of Francis Scott Key; at the Worcester, Massachusetts war memorial; at the plaza in Taos, New Mexico (since 1861); at the United States Capitol (since 1918); and at Mount Moriah Cemetery in Deadwood, South Dakota.
* On the south pole, in the center of the Antarctic, an American flag is posted separate from the cluster of worldwide flags.
* In addition, the American flag is on continuous display on the surface of the Moon, having been placed there by the astronauts of Apollo 11, Apollo 12, Apollo 14, Apollo 15, Apollo 16, and Apollo 17. It is possible that Apollo 11's flag was knocked down by the exhaust force of liftoff for return to lunar orbit.
Particular days of display
The flag should especially be displayed at full staff on the following days:
* January 1 - New Year's Day
* January 20 - Inauguration Day
* February 12 - Lincoln's Birthday
* Third Monday in February - Presidents' Day, originally Washington's birthday
* Third Saturday in May - Armed Forces Day
* Last Monday in May - Memorial Day (half-staff until noon)
* June 14 - Flag Day
* July 4 - Independence Day
* First Monday in September - Labor Day
* September 11 - Patriot Day
* September 17 - Constitution Day
* Second Monday in October - Columbus Day
* October 27 - Navy Day
* November 11 - Veterans Day
* Fourth Thursday in November - Thanksgiving Day
* and such other days as may be proclaimed by the President of the United States; the birthdays of States (date of admission); and on State holidays.
When Displaying the flag at half staff
The US Flag is displayed at half staff as a sign of respect or mourning. Nationwide, this action is proclaimed by the president of the United States; state-wide or territory-wide, the proclamation is made by the governor. In addition, there is no prohibition against municipal governments, private businesses or citizens flying the flag at half staff as a local sign of respect and mourning. President Dwight D. Eisenhower issued the first proclamation on March 1, 1954 standardizing the dates and time periods for flying the flag at half staff from all federal buildings, grounds, and naval vessels; other congressional resolutions and presidential proclamations ensued. However, they are only guidelines to all other entities: typically followed at state and local government facilities, and encouraged of private businesses and citizens. It is worthy of note that the rules regarding the display of the flag are the "Flag Code", not the Flag Law or Flag Act: there are no legal penalties for flying the flag at half staff (or upside down) improperly.
To properly fly the US flag at half staff, the protocol is to first hoist it briskly to full staff, then reverently (slowly) lower it to half-staff. Similarly, when the flag is to be lowered from half staff, it should be first hoisted briskly to full staff, then lowered reverently to the base of the flagpole.
Federal guidelines state the flag should be flown at half staff at the following dates/times:
* May 15 - Peace Officers Memorial Day
* Last Monday in May - Memorial Day (until noon)
* July 27 - Korean War Veterans Day
* September 11 - Patriot Day[16]
* December 7 - Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day
* For 30 days - Death of a US President or former President
* For 10 days - Death of a US Vice President, Supreme Court Chief Justice/retired Chief Justice, or Speaker of the House of Representatives.
* From death until the day of interment - US Supreme Court Associate Justice, member of the Cabinet, former Vice President, President pro-tempore of the Senate, or the majority and minority leaders of the Senate and House of Representatives. Also for federal facilities within a state or territory, for the governor.
* On the day after the death - US Senators, Members of Congress, territorial delegates or the resident commissioner of the commonwealth of Puerto Rico
History
See also: Timeline of the Flag of the United States
The flag has been changed 26 times since the new, 13-state union adopted it. The 48-star version went unchanged for 47 years, the longest time the flag went unmodified until July 4, 2007, when the current 50-star flag broke the record.
First flag
At the time of the signing of the Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776, the United States had no official national flag. The Grand Union Flag has historically been referred to as the "First National Flag"; although it has never had any official status, it was used throughout the American Revolutionary War by George Washington and formed the basis for the design of the first official US flag.
This flag is properly considered the de facto first naval ensign of the United States. It was first raised aboard Continental Navy Commodore Esek Hopkins' flagship Alfred on the Delaware River on December 3, 1775,[17] possibly (according to his claim) by the ship's senior lieutenant John Paul Jones.
The origins of the design are unclear. It closely resembles the British East India Company (BEIC) flag of the same era, and an argument dating to Sir Charles Fawcett in 1937 holds that the BEIC flag indeed inspired the design.[18] However, the BEIC flag could have from 9 to 13 stripes, and was not allowed to be flown outside the Indian Ocean.[19] Both flags could have been easily constructed by adding white stripes to a British Red Ensign, a common flag throughout Britain and its colonies.
Another theory holds that the red-and-white stripe—and later, stars-and-stripes—motif of the flag may have been based on the Washington family coat-of-arms, which consisted of a shield "argent, two bars gules, above, three mullets gules" (a white shield with two red bars below three red stars).[20]
More likely it was based on a flag of the Sons of Liberty, one of which consisted of 13 red and white alternating horizontal stripes.
See also: Flags of the American Revolution
The Flag Resolution of 1777
On June 14, 1777, the Marine Committee of the Second Continental Congress passed the Flag Resolution which stated: "Resolved, That the flag of the United States be thirteen stripes, alternate red and white; that the union be thirteen stars, white in a blue field, representing a new Constellation."[21] Flag Day is now observed on June 14 of each year. A false tradition holds that the new flag was first hoisted in June of 1777 by the Continental Army at the Middlebrook encampment.[22]
The 1777 resolution was probably meant to define a naval ensign, rather than a national flag. It appears between other resolutions from the Marine Committee. On 10 May 1779 Secretary of the Board of War Richard Peters, Jr. expressed concern "it is not yet settled what is the Standard of the United States."[23]
The Flag Resolution did not specify any particular arrangement, number of points, nor orientation for the stars. The pictured flag shows thirteen outwardly-oriented five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, the so-called Betsy Ross flag. Although the Betsy Ross legend is not taken seriously by many historians, the design itself is the oldest version of any U.S. flag to appear on any physical relic[citation needed], since it is historically referenced in contemporary battlefield paintings by John Trumbull and Charles Willson Peale, which depict the circular star arrangement. Popular designs at the time were varied and most were individually crafted rather than mass-produced. Other examples of 13-star arrangements can be found on the Francis Hopkinson flag, the Cowpens flag, and the Brandywine flag. Given the scant archaeological and written evidence, it is unknown which design was the most popular at that time.
The origin of the stars and stripes design cannot be fully documented. A popular story credits Betsy Ross for sewing the first flag from a pencil sketch by George Washington who personally commissioned her for the job. However, no evidence for this theory exists beyond Ross' descendants' much later recollections of what she told her family. Another woman, Rebecca Young, has also been credited as having made the first flag by later generations of her family. Rebecca Young's daughter was Mary Pickersgill, who made the Star Spangled Banner Flag.
It is likely that Francis Hopkinson of New Jersey, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, designed the 1777 flag while he was the Chairman of the Continental Navy Board's Middle Department, sometime between his appointment to that position in November of 1776 and the time that the flag resolution was adopted in June of 1777. This contradicts the Betsy Ross legend, which suggests that she sewed the first Stars and Stripes flag by request of the government in the Spring of 1776.[21][24] Hopkinson was the only person to have made such a claim during his own lifetime, when he sent a bill to Congress for his work. He asked for a "Quarter Cask of the Public Wine" as payment initially. The payment was not made, however, because it was determined he had already received a salary as a member of Congress, and he was not the only person to have contributed to the design. It should be noted that no one else contested his claim at the time.
Later flag acts
In 1795, the number of stars and stripes was increased from 13 to 15 (to reflect the entry of Vermont and Kentucky as states of the union). For a time the flag was not changed when subsequent states were admitted, probably because it was thought that this would cause too much clutter. It was the 15-star, 15-stripe flag that inspired Francis Scott Key to write "The Star-Spangled Banner," now the national anthem.
On April 4, 1818, a plan was passed by Congress at the suggestion of U.S. Naval Captain Samuel C. Reid[25] in which the flag was changed to have 20 stars, with a new star to be added when each new state was admitted, but the number of stripes would remain at thirteen to honor the original colonies. The act specified that new flag designs should become official on the first July 4 (Independence Day) following admission of one or more new states. The most recent change, from 49 stars to 50, occurred in 1960 when the present design was chosen, after Hawaii gained statehood in August 1959. Before that, the admission of Alaska in January 1959 prompted the debut of a short-lived 49-star flag.
As of July 4, 2007, the 50-star flag has become the longest rendition in use.
First salute
The Netherlands was the first country to salute the Grand Union flag, when gun salutes by American ships were returned by officials on Dutch islands in the West Indies in late 1776: on St. Croix in October, and on St. Eustatius in November. (Though later, the better documented St. Eustatius incident involving the USS Andrew Doria is traditionally regarded as the "first salute".) France was the first country to salute the Stars and Stripes, when a fleet off the French mainland returned a gun salute by Captain John Paul Jones commanding USS Ranger on February 14, 1778.
Historical progression of designs
See also: List of U.S. states by date of statehood
In the following table depicting the 28 various designs of the United States flag, the star patterns for the flags are merely the usual patterns, often associated with the United States Navy. Canton designs, prior to the proclamation of the 48-star flag by President William Howard Taft on 29 October 1912, had no official arrangement of the stars. Furthermore, the exact colors of the flag were not standardized until 1934.
Future of the flag
The United States Army Institute of Heraldry has plans for flags with up to 56 stars, using a similar staggered star arrangement should additional states accede. There are political movements supporting statehood in Puerto Rico and the District of Columbia, among other areas.
Non-standard flags
A number of non-standard flags appeared in the early years of American independence. One example is the design approximated here, of a flag traditionally believed to have been carried by the American troops at the Battle of Guilford Court House in 1781. This is disputed by some other historians who think it dates to the nineteenth century. The original flag is at the North Carolina Historical Museum.
Similar flags
The flag of Liberia bears a close resemblance, showing the ex–American-slave origin of the country. The Liberian flag has similar red and white stripes, though only 11 of them, as well as a blue square for the union, but with only a single large white star.
The flag of Malaysia also has a striking resemblance, with red and white stripes (14 total), and a blue canton, but displaying instead of stars a star and crescent emblem. This might be due, however, to the great influence of the British East India Company, rather than the later United States flag
The flag of Hawaii, in use since it was a kingdom in the 19th century, with eight stripes in red, white, and blue, and the British Union Flag in the canton, has some resemblance to the U.S. Grand Union Flag of the 18th century.
The flag of Amazonas was adopted by law No. 1513 of January 14, 1982. The 25 stars in the topleft corner represent the 25 municipalities which existed on August 4, 1897. The bigger star represents the capital Manaus. The two horizontal white bars represent hope, while the red bar in the middle represents the struggles overcome.
The flag of Ohio was adopted in 1902 and designed by John Eisemann. The large blue triangle represent Ohio's hills and valleys, and the stripes represent roads and waterways. 17 stars symbolize that Ohio was the 17th state admitted to the union. The white circle with its red center not only represents the first letter of the state name, but also its nickname "the Buckeye State".
The flag of Georgia was adopted on May 8, 2003. The flag has three red and white stripes, with the state coat of arms (taken from the state seal) on a blue field in the upper left corner. In the coat of arms, the arch symbolizes the state's Constitution and the pillars represent the three branches of government: legislative, executive, and judicial. The words of the state motto, "Wisdom, Justice, Moderation," are wrapped around the pillars, guarded by a male figure dressed in Colonial attire like a soldier of the War of Independence, with a drawn sword representing the defense of the Constitution. An additional motto, In God We Trust, appears under these elements, though it is not part of the state seal nor coat of arms. The flag has thirteen stars, representing Georgia and the 12 other original states that formed the United States of America.
The flag of Piaui was created on 24 July 1922. The blue canton and a star represents the state itself and the green and yellow bars represent Piauí's union with Brazil. It is similar to an old flag of Brazil used for four days after the republican coup that established the United States of Brazil in November 1889.
The flags of Chile and of Texas have similar simplified designs, each with a single red and white stripe, and a "lone star" in the canton.
Today's Chile flag was conceived by Bernardo O'Higgins's Minister of War José Ignacio Zenteno and designed by Antonio Arcos, although some claim that is was Gregorio de Andía y Varela who drew it.
Though more dissimilar in appearance, the flag of Cuba was also inspired by the flag of the United States. Its origins date from 1849, when Cuban liberation movements emerged among Cuban exiles in the U.S.[28]
Another flag design tied to that of the U.S. flag is the flag of Puerto Rico. There are specific shades of red and blue for the construction of the flag, however there might be slight variations depending on the flag-flyer's political beliefs. The pro-independence groups use sky blue, while the pro-statehood groups use a darker shade of blue more similar to that of the U.S. flag. The official version uses an intermediate shade, so as not to take sides.
The green bars in the flag of Goiás symbolize the spring and the yellow bars gold. The blue rectangle in the topleft corner symbolizes the sky, with the five stars forming the constellation of the Southern Cross. The flag was adopted on July 30, 1919. It is a toned down version of the original Republican flag of Brazil, in itself not original.
Kathmandu is the capital and largest municipality of Nepal. It is the only city of Nepal with the administrative status of Mahanagar (Metropolitan City), as compared to Upa-Mahanagar (Sub-Metropolitan City) or Nagar (City). Kathmandu is the core of Nepal's largest urban agglomeration located in the Kathmandu Valley consisting of Lalitpur, Kirtipur, Madhyapur Thimi, Bhaktapur and a number of smaller communities. Kathmandu is also known informally as "KTM" or the "tri-city". According to the 2011 census, Kathmandu Metropolitan City has a population of 975,453 and measures 49.45 square kilometres.
The city stands at an elevation of approximately 1,400 metres in the bowl-shaped Kathmandu Valley of central Nepal. It is surrounded by four major hills: Shivapuri, Phulchoki, Nagarjun, and Chandragiri. Kathmandu Valley is part of three districts (Kathmandu, Lalitpur, and Bhaktapur), has the highest population density in the country, and is home to about a twelfth of Nepal's population.
Historically, the Kathmandu Valley and adjoining areas were known as Nepal Mandala. Until the 15th century, Bhaktapur was its capital when two other capitals, Kathmandu and Lalitpur, were established. During the Rana and Shah eras, British historians called the valley itself "Nepal Proper". Today, Kathmandu is not only the capital of the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, but also the headquarters of the Bagmati Zone and the Central Development Region of Nepal.
Kathmandu is the gateway to tourism in Nepal. It is also the hub of the country's economy. It has the most advanced infrastructure of any urban area in Nepal, and its economy is focused on tourism, which accounted for 3.8% of Nepal's GDP in 1995–96. Tourism in Kathmandu declined thereafter during a period of political unrest, but since then has improved. In 2013, Kathmandu was ranked third among the top 10 travel destinations on the rise in the world by TripAdvisor, and ranked first in Asia.
The city has a rich history, spanning nearly 2000 years, as inferred from inscriptions found in the valley. Religious and cultural festivities form a major part of the lives of people residing in Kathmandu. Most of Kathmandu's people follow Hinduism and many others follow Buddhism. There are people of other religious beliefs as well, giving Kathmandu a cosmopolitan culture. Nepali is the most commonly spoken language in the city. English is understood by Kathmandu's educated residents. Kathmandu was devastated by a 7.8 magnitude earthquake on April 25, 2015.
ETYMOLOGY
The city of Kathmandu is named after Kasthamandap temple, that stood in Durbar Square. In Sanskrit, Kastha (काष्ठ) means "wood" and Mandap (/मण्डप) means "covered shelter". This temple, also known as Maru Satal (in ″Newar language″), was built in 1596 by King Laxmi Narsingh Malla. The two-storey structure was made entirely of wood, and used no iron nails nor supports. According to legend, all the timber used to build the pagoda was obtained from a single tree. The structure unfortunately collapsed during the major earthquake in April 2015.
The colophons of ancient manuscripts, dated as late as the 20th century, refer to Kathmandu as Kasthamandap Mahanagar in Nepal Mandala. Mahanagar means "great city". The city is called "Kasthamandap" in a vow that Buddhist priests still recite to this day. Thus, Kathmandu is also known as Kasthamandap. During medieval times, the city was sometimes called Kantipur (कान्तिपुर). This name is derived from two Sanskrit words - Kanti and pur. "Kanti" is one of the names of the Goddess Lakshmi, and "pur" means place.
Among the indigenous Newar people, Kathmandu is known as Yen Desa (येँ देश), and Patan and Bhaktapur are known as Yala Desa (यल देश) and Khwopa Desa (ख्वप देश). "Yen" is the shorter form of Yambu (यम्बु), which originally referred to the northern half of Kathmandu.
HISTORY
Archaeological excavations in parts of Kathmandu have found evidence of ancient civilizations. The oldest of these findings is a statue, found in Maligaon, that was dated at 185 AD. The excavation of Dhando Chaitya uncovered a brick with an inscription in Brahmi script. Archaeologists believe it is two thousand years old. Stone inscriptions are an ubiquitous element at heritage sites and are key sources for the history of Nepal
The earliest Western reference to Kathmandu appears in an account of Jesuit Fathers Johann Grueber and Albert d'Orville. In 1661, they passed through Nepal on their way from Tibet to India, and reported that they reached "Cadmendu, the capital of the Kingdom of Necbal".
ANCIENT HISTORY
The ancient history of Kathmandu is described in its traditional myths and legends. According to Swayambhu Purana, the present day Kathmandu was once a lake called Nagdaha. The lake was drained by Manjusri, who established a city called Manjupattan and made Dharmakar the ruler of the land.
Kotirudra Samhita of Shiva Purana, Chapter 11, shloka 18 refers to the place as Nayapala city famous for its Pashupati Shivalinga. The name Nepal probably originates from this city Nayapala.
Very few historical records exist of the period before the medieval Licchavis rulers. According to Gopalraj Vansawali, a genealogy of Nepali monarchs, the rulers of Kathmandu Valley before the Licchavis were Gopalas, Mahispalas, Aabhirs, Kirants, and Somavanshi. The Kirata dynasty was established by Yalamber. During the Kirata era, a settlement called Yambu existed in the northern half of old Kathmandu. In some of the Sino-Tibetan languages, Kathmandu is still called Yambu. Another smaller settlement called Yengal was present in the southern half of old Kathmandu, near Manjupattan. During the reign of the seventh Kirata ruler, Jitedasti, Buddhist monks entered Kathmandu valley and established a forest monastery at Sankhu.
MEDIEVAL HISTORY
LICCHAVI ERA
The Licchavis from the Indo-Gangetic plain migrated north and defeated the Kiratas, establishing the Licchavi dynasty. During this era, following the genocide of Shakyas in Lumbini by Virudhaka, the survivors migrated north and entered the forest monastery in Sankhu masquerading as Koliyas. From Sankhu, they migrated to Yambu and Yengal (Lanjagwal and Manjupattan) and established the first permanent Buddhist monasteries of Kathmandu. This created the basis of Newar Buddhism, which is the only surviving Sanskrit-based Buddhist tradition in the world. With their migration, Yambu was called Koligram and Yengal was called Dakshin Koligram during most of the Licchavi era.Eventually, the Licchavi ruler Gunakamadeva merged Koligram and Dakshin Koligram, founding the city of Kathmandu. The city was designed in the shape of Chandrahrasa, the sword of Manjushri. The city was surrounded by eight barracks guarded by Ajimas. One of these barracks is still in use at Bhadrakali (in front of Singha Durbar). The city served as an important transit point in the trade between India and Tibet, leading to tremendous growth in architecture. Descriptions of buildings such as Managriha, Kailaskut Bhawan, and Bhadradiwas Bhawan have been found in the surviving journals of travelers and monks who lived during this era. For example, the famous 7th-century Chinese traveller Xuanzang described Kailaskut Bhawan, the palace of the Licchavi king Amshuverma. The trade route also led to cultural exchange as well. The artistry of the Newar people - the indigenous inhabitants of the Kathmandu Valley - became highly sought after during this era, both within the Valley and throughout the greater Himalayas. Newar artists travelled extensively throughout Asia, creating religious art for their neighbors. For example, Araniko led a group of his compatriot artists through Tibet and China. Bhrikuti, the princess of Nepal who married Tibetan monarch Songtsän Gampo, was instrumental in introducing Buddhism to Tibet.
MALLA ERA
The Licchavi era was followed by the Malla era. Rulers from Tirhut, upon being attacked by Muslims, fled north to the Kathmandu valley. They intermarried with Nepali royalty, and this led to the Malla era. The early years of the Malla era were turbulent, with raids and attacks from Khas and Turk Muslims. There was also a devastating earthquake which claimed the lives of a third of Kathmandu's population, including the king Abhaya Malla. These disasters led to the destruction of most of the architecture of the Licchavi era (such as Mangriha and Kailashkut Bhawan), and the loss of literature collected in various monasteries within the city. Despite the initial hardships, Kathmandu rose to prominence again and, during most of the Malla era, dominated the trade between India and Tibet. Nepali currency became the standard currency in trans-Himalayan trade.
During the later part of the Malla era, Kathmandu Valley comprised four fortified cities: Kantipur, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur, and Kirtipur. These served as the capitals of the Malla confederation of Nepal. These states competed with each other in the arts, architecture, aesthetics, and trade, resulting in tremendous development. The kings of this period directly influenced or involved themselves in the construction of public buildings, squares, and temples, as well as the development of water spouts, the institutionalization of trusts (called guthis), the codification of laws, the writing of dramas, and the performance of plays in city squares. Evidence of an influx of ideas from India, Tibet, China, Persia, and Europe among other places can be found in a stone inscription from the time of king Pratap Malla. Books have been found from this era that describe their tantric tradition (e.g. Tantrakhyan), medicine (e.g. Haramekhala), religion (e.g. Mooldevshashidev), law, morals, and history. Amarkosh, a Sanskrit-Nepal Bhasa dictionary from 1381 AD, was also found. Architecturally notable buildings from this era include Kathmandu Durbar Square, Patan Durbar Square, Bhaktapur Durbar Square, the former durbar of Kirtipur, Nyatapola, Kumbheshwar, the Krishna temple, and others.
MODERN ERA
EARLY SHAH RULE
The Gorkha Kingdom ended the Malla confederation after the Battle of Kathmandu in 1768. This marked the beginning of the modern era in Kathmandu. The Battle of Kirtipur was the start of the Gorkha conquest of the Kathmandu Valley. Kathmandu was adopted as the capital of the Gorkha empire, and the empire itself was dubbed Nepal. During the early part of this era, Kathmandu maintained its distinctive culture. Buildings with characteristic Nepali architecture, such as the nine-story tower of Basantapur, were built during this era. However, trade declined because of continual war with neighboring nations. Bhimsen Thapa supported France against Great Britain; this led to the development of modern military structures, such as modern barracks in Kathmandu. The nine-storey tower Dharahara was originally built during this era.
RANA RULE
Rana rule over Nepal started with the Kot Massacre, which occurred near Hanuman Dhoka Durbar. During this massacre, most of Nepal's high-ranking officials were massacred by Jang Bahadur Rana and his supporters. Another massacre, the Bhandarkhal Massacre, was also conducted by Kunwar and his supporters in Kathmandu. During the Rana regime, Kathmandu's alliance shifted from anti-British to pro-British; this led to the construction of the first buildings in the style of Western European architecture. The most well-known of these buildings include Singha Durbar, Garden of Dreams, Shital Niwas, and the old Narayanhiti palace. The first modern commercial road in the Kathmandu Valley, the New Road, was also built during this era. Trichandra College (the first college of Nepal), Durbar School (the first modern school of Nepal), and Bir Hospital (the first hospital of Nepal) were built in Kathmandu during this era. Rana rule was marked by tyranny, debauchery, economic exploitation and religious persecution.
GEOGRAPHY
Kathmandu is located in the northwestern part of Kathmandu Valley to the north of the Bagmati River and covers an area of 50.67 square kilometres. The average elevation is 1,400 metres above sea level. The city is directly bounded by several other municipalities of the Kathmandu valley: south of the Bagmati by Lalitpur Sub-Metropolitan City (Patan) with which it today forms one urban area surrounded by a ring road, to the southwest by Kirtipur Municipality and to the east by Madyapur Thimi Municipality. To the north the urban area extends into several Village Development Committees. However, the urban agglomeration extends well beyond the neighboring municipalities, e. g. to Bhaktapur and just about covers the entire Kathmandu valley.
Kathmandu is dissected by eight rivers, the main river of the valley, the Bagmati and its tributaries, of which the Bishnumati, Dhobi Khola, Manohara Khola, Hanumant Khola, and Tukucha Khola are predominant. The mountains from where these rivers originate are in the elevation range of 1,500–3,000 metres, and have passes which provide access to and from Kathmandu and its valley. An ancient canal once flowed from Nagarjuna hill through Balaju to Kathmandu; this canal is now extinct.
Kathmandu and its valley are in the Deciduous Monsoon Forest Zone (altitude range of 1,200–2,100 metres), one of five vegetation zones defined for Nepal. The dominant tree species in this zone are oak, elm, beech, maple and others, with coniferous trees at higher altitude.
TOURISM
Tourism is considered another important industry in Nepal. This industry started around 1950, as the country's political makeup changed and ended the country's isolation from the rest of the world. In 1956, air transportation was established and the Tribhuvan Highway, between Kathmandu and Raxaul (at India's border), was started. Separate organizations were created in Kathmandu to promote this activity; some of these include the Tourism Development Board, the Department of Tourism and the Civil Aviation Department. Furthermore, Nepal became a member of several international tourist associations. Establishing diplomatic relations with other nations further accentuated this activity. The hotel industry, travel agencies, training of tourist guides, and targeted publicity campaigns are the chief reasons for the remarkable growth of this industry in Nepal, and in Kathmandu in particular.
Since then, tourism in Nepal has thrived; it is sometimes called the "third religion" of Nepal. It is the country's most important industry. Tourism is a major source of income for most of the people in the city, with several hundred thousand visitors annually. Hindu and Buddhist pilgrims from all over the world visit Kathmandu's religious sites such as Pashupatinath, Swayambhunath, Boudhanath and Budhanilkantha. From a mere 6,179 tourists in 1961–62, the number jumped to 491,504 in 1999-2000. With the end of Maoist insuregency period in 2009 there was a significant rise of 509,956 tourist arrivals. Since then, tourism has improved as the country turned into a Democratic Republic. In economic terms, the foreign exchange registered 3.8% of the GDP in 1995–96 but then started declining[why?]. The high level of tourism is attributed to the natural grandeur of the Himalayas and the rich cultural heritage of the country.
The neighborhood of Thamel is Kathmandu's primary "traveler's ghetto", packed with guest houses, restaurants, shops, and bookstores, catering to tourists. Another neighborhood of growing popularity is Jhamel, a name for Jhamsikhel coined to rhyme with Thamel. Jhochhen Tol, also known as Freak Street, is Kathmandu's original traveler's haunt, made popular by the hippies of the 1960s and 1970s; it remains a popular alternative to Thamel. Asan is a bazaar and ceremonial square on the old trade route to Tibet, and provides a fine example of a traditional neighborhood.
With the opening of the tourist industry after the change in the political scenario of Nepal in 1950, the hotel industry drastically improved. Now Kathmandu boasts several five-star hotels like Hyatt Regency, Hotel Yak & Yeti, The Everest Hotel, Hotel Radisson, Hotel De L'Annapurna, The Malla Hotel, Shangri-La Hotel (which is not operated by the Shangri-La Hotel Group) and The Shanker Hotel. There are several four-star hotels such as Hotel Vaishali, Hotel Narayani, The Blue Star and Grand Hotel. The Garden Hotel, Hotel Ambassador, and Aloha Inn are among the three-star hotels in Kathmandu. Hotels like Hyatt Regency, De L'Annapurna and Hotel Yak & Yeti are among the five-star hotels providing casinos as well.
DEMOGRAPHICS
Kathmandu's urban cosmopolitan character has made it the most populous city in Nepal, recording a population of 671,846 residents living in 235,387 households in the metropolitan area, according to the 2001 census. According to the National Population Census of 2011, the total population of Kathmandu city was 975,543 with an annual growth rate of 6.12% with respect to the population figure of 2001. 70% of the total population residing in Kathmandu are aged between 15 and 59.
Over the years the city has been home to people of various ethnicities, resulting in a range of different traditions and cultural practices. In one decade, the population increased from 427,045 in 1991 to 671,805 in 2001. The population was projected to reach 915,071 in 2011 and 1,319,597 by 2021. To keep up this population growth, the KMC-controlled area of 5,076.6 hectares has expanded to 8,214 hectares in 2001. With this new area, the population density which was 85 in 1991 is still 85 in 2001; it is likely to jump to 111 in 2011 and 161 in 2021.
ETHNIC GROUPS
The largest ethnic groups are Newar (29.6%), Matwali (25.1% Sunuwar, Gurung, Magars, Tamang etc.), Khas Brahmins (20.51%) and Chettris (18.5%) .[47] Tamangs originating from surrounding hill districts can be seen in Kathmandu. More recently, other hill ethnic groups and Caste groups from Terai have become present as well in vast majority. The major languages are Nepali, Nepal Bhasa and English is understood by about 30% of the people. The major religions are Hinduism and Buddhism.
The linguistic profile of Kathmandu underwent drastic changes during the Shah dynasty's rule because of its strong bias towards the Brahminic culture. Sanskrit language therefore was preferred and people were encouraged to learn it even by attending Sanskrit learning centers in Terai. Sanskrit schools were specially set up in Kathmandu and in the Terai region to inculcate traditional Hindu culture and practices originated from Nepal.
Architecture and cityscape
The ancient trade route between India and Tibet that passed through Kathmandu enabled a fusion of artistic and architectural traditions from other cultures to be amalgamated with local art and architecture. The monuments of Kathmandu City have been influenced over the centuries by Hindu and Buddhist religious practices. The architectural treasure of the Kathmandu valley has been categorized under the well-known seven groups of heritage monuments and buildings. In 2006 UNESCO declared these seven groups of monuments as a World Heritage Site (WHS). The seven monuments zones cover an area of 188.95 hectares, with the buffer zone extending to 239.34 hectares. The Seven Monument Zones (Mzs) inscribed originally in 1979 and with a minor modification in 2006 are Durbar squares of Hanuman Dhoka, Patan and Bhaktapur, Hindu temples of Pashupatinath and Changunarayan, the Buddhist stupas of Swayambhu and Boudhanath.
DURBAR SQUARES
The literal meaning of Durbar Square is a "place of palaces". There are three preserved Durbar Squares in Kathmandu valley and one unpreserved in Kirtipur. The Durbar Square of Kathmandu is located in the old city and has heritage buildings representing four kingdoms (Kantipur, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur, Kirtipur); the earliest is the Licchavi dynasty. The complex has 50 temples and is distributed in two quadrangles of the Durbar Square. The outer quadrangle has the Kasthamandap, Kumari Ghar, and Shiva-Parvati Temple; the inner quadrangle has the Hanuman Dhoka palace. The squares were severely damaged in the April 2015 Nepal earthquake.
Hanuman Dhoka is a complex of structures with the Royal Palace of the Malla kings and of the Shah dynasty. It is spread over five acres. The eastern wing, with ten courtyards, is the oldest part, dating to the mid-16th century. It was expanded by King Pratap Malla in the 17th century with many temples. The royal family lived in this palace until 1886 when they moved to Narayanhiti Palace. The stone inscription outside is in fifteen languages.
Kumari Ghar is a palace in the center of the Kathmandu city, next to the Durbar square where a Royal Kumari selected from several Kumaris resides. Kumari, or Kumari Devi, is the tradition of worshipping young pre-pubescent girls as manifestations of the divine female energy or devi in South Asian countries. In Nepal the selection process is very rigorous. Kumari is believed to be the bodily incarnation of the goddess Taleju (the Nepali name for Durga) until she menstruates, after which it is believed that the goddess vacates her body. Serious illness or a major loss of blood from an injury are also causes for her to revert to common status. The current Royal Kumari, Matina Shakya, age four, was installed in October 2008 by the Maoist government that replaced the monarchy.
Kasthamandap is a three-storeyed temple enshrining an image of Gorakhnath. It was built in the 16th century in pagoda style. The name of Kathmandu is a derivative of the word Kasthamandap. It was built under the reign of King Laxmi Narsingha Malla. Kasthamandap stands at the intersection of two ancient trade routes linking India and Tibet at Maru square. It was originally built as a rest house for travelers.
PASHUPATINATH TEMPLE
The Pashupatinath Temple is a famous 5th century Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva (Pashupati). Located on the banks of the Bagmati River in the eastern part of Kathmandu, Pashupatinath Temple is the oldest Hindu temple in Kathmandu. It served as the seat of national deity, Lord Pashupatinath, until Nepal was secularized. However, a significant part of the temple was destroyed by Mughal invaders in the 14th century and little or nothing remains of the original 5th-century temple exterior. The temple as it stands today was built in the 19th century, although the image of the bull and the black four-headed image of Pashupati are at least 300 years old. The temple is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Shivaratri, or the night of Lord Shiva, is the most important festival that takes place here, attracting thousands of devotees and sadhus.
Believers in Pashupatinath (mainly Hindus) are allowed to enter the temple premises, but non-Hindu visitors are allowed to view the temple only from the across the Bagmati River. The priests who perform the services at this temple have been Brahmins from Karnataka, South India since the time of Malla king Yaksha Malla. This tradition is believed to have been started at the request of Adi Shankaracharya who sought to unify the states of Bharatam (Unified India) by encouraging cultural exchange. This procedure is followed in other temples around India, which were sanctified by Adi Shankaracharya.
The temple is built in the pagoda style of architecture, with cubic constructions, carved wooden rafters (tundal) on which they rest, and two-level roofs made of copper and gold.
BOUDHANATH
The Boudhanath, (also written Bouddhanath, Bodhnath, Baudhanath or the Khāsa Chaitya), is one of the holiest Buddhist sites in Nepal, along with Swayambhu. It is a very popular tourist site. Boudhanath is known as Khāsti by Newars and as Bauddha or Bodhnāth by speakers of Nepali. Located about 11 km from the center and northeastern outskirts of Kathmandu, the stupa's massive mandala makes it one of the largest spherical stupas in Nepal. Boudhanath became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979.The base of the stupa has 108 small depictions of the Dhyani Buddha Amitabha. It is surrounded with a brick wall with 147 niches, each with four or five prayer wheels engraved with the mantra, om mani padme hum. At the northern entrance where visitors must pass is a shrine dedicated to Ajima, the goddess of smallpox. Every year the stupa attracts many Tibetan Buddhist pilgrims who perform full body prostrations in the inner lower enclosure, walk around the stupa with prayer wheels, chant, and pray. Thousands of prayer flags are hoisted up from the top of the stupa downwards and dot the perimeter of the complex. The influx of many Tibetan refugees from China has seen the construction of over 50 Tibetan gompas (monasteries) around Boudhanath.
SWAYAMBHU
Swayambhu is a Buddhist stupa atop a hillock at the northwestern part of the city. This is among the oldest religious sites in Nepal. Although the site is considered Buddhist, it is revered by both Buddhists and Hindus. The stupa consists of a dome at the base; above the dome, there is a cubic structure with the eyes of Buddha looking in all four directions.[clarification needed] There are pentagonal Toran above each of the four sides, with statues engraved on them. Behind and above the torana there are thirteen tiers. Above all the tiers, there is a small space above which lies a gajur.
CULTURE
ARTS
Kathmandu valley is described as "an enormous treasure house of art and sculptures", which are made of wood, stone, metal, and terracotta, and found in profusion in temples, shrines, stupas, gompas, chaityasm and palaces. The art objects are also seen in street corners, lanes, private courtyards, and in open ground. Most art is in the form of icons of gods and goddesses. Kathmandu valley has had this art treasure very long, but received worldwide recognition only after the country opened its doors to the outside world in 1950.
The religious art of Nepal and Kathmandu in particular consists of an iconic symbolism of the Mother Goddesses such as: Bhavani, Durga, Gaja-Lakshmi, Hariti-Sitala, Mahsishamardini, Saptamatrika (seven mother goddesses), and Sri-Lakshmi(wealth-goddess). From the 3rd century BC, apart from the Hindu gods and goddesses, Buddhist monuments from the Ashokan period (it is said that Ashoka visited Nepal in 250 BC) have embellished Nepal in general and the valley in particular. These art and architectural edifices encompass three major periods of evolution: the Licchavi or classical period (500 to 900 AD), the post-classical period (1000 to 1400 AD), with strong influence of the Palla art form; the Malla period (1400 onwards) that exhibited explicitly tantric influences coupled with the art of Tibetan Demonology.
A broad typology has been ascribed to the decorative designs and carvings created by the people of Nepal. These artists have maintained a blend of Hinduism and Buddhism. The typology, based on the type of material used are: Stone Art, Metal Art, Wood Art, Terracotta Art, and Painting.
MUSEUMS
Kathmandu is home to a number of museums and art galleries, including the National Museum of Nepal and the Natural History Museum of Nepal. Nepal's art and architecture is an amalgamation of two ancient religions, Hinduism and Buddhhism. These are amply reflected in the many temples, shrines, stupas, monasteries, and palaces in the seven well-defined Monument Zones of the Kathmandu valley recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This amalgamation is also reflected in the planning and exhibitions in museums and art galleries throughout Kathmandu and its sister cities of Patan and Bhaktapur. The museums display unique artifacts and paintings from the 5th century CE to the present day, including archeological exportation.
KATHMANDU MUSEUMS ABD ART GALLERIES INCLUDE:
The National Museum
The Natural History Museum
Hanumandhoka Palace Complex
The Kaiser Library
The National Art Gallery
The NEF-ART (Nepal Fine Art) Gallery
The Nepal Art Council Gallery
Narayanhity Palace Museum
The Taragaon Museum
The National Museum is located in the western part of Kathmandu, near the Swayambhunath stupa in an historical building. This building was constructed in the early 19th century by General Bhimsen Thapa. It is the most important museum in the country, housing an extensive collection of weapons, art and antiquities of historic and cultural importance. The museum was established in 1928 as a collection house of war trophies and weapons, and the initial name of this museum was Chhauni Silkhana, meaning "the stone house of arms and ammunition". Given its focus, the museum contains an extensive quantity of weapons, including locally made firearms used in wars, leather cannons from the 18th–19th century, and medieval and modern works in wood, bronze, stone and paintings.
The Natural History Museum is located in the southern foothills of Swayambhunath hill and has a sizeable collection of different species of animals, butterflies, and plants. The museum is noted for its display of species, from prehistoric shells to stuffed animals.
The Tribhuvan Museum contains artifacts related to the King Tribhuvan (1906–1955). It has a variety of pieces including his personal belongings, letters and papers, memorabilia related to events he was involved in and a rare collection of photos and paintings of Royal family members. The Mahendra Museum is dedicated to king Mahendra of Nepal (1920–1972). Like the Tribhuvan Museum, it includes his personal belongings such as decorations, stamps, coins and personal notes and manuscripts, but it also has structural reconstructions of his cabinet room and office chamber. The Hanumandhoka Palace, a lavish medieval palace complex in the Durbar, contains three separate museums of historic importance. These museums include the Birendra museum, which contains items related to the second-last monarch, Birendra of Nepal.
The enclosed compound of the Narayanhity Palace Museum is in the north-central part of Kathmandu. "Narayanhity" comes from Narayana, a form of the Hindu god Lord Vishnu, and Hiti, meaning "water spout" (Vishnu's temple is located opposite the palace, and the water spout is located east of the main entrance to the precinct). Narayanhity was a new palace, in front of the old palace built in 1915, and was built in 1970 in the form of a contemporary Pagoda. It was built on the occasion of the marriage of King Birenda Bir Bikram Shah, then heir apparent to the throne. The southern gate of the palace is at the crossing of Prithvipath and Darbar Marg roads. The palace area covers (30 hectares) and is fully secured with gates on all sides. This palace was the scene of the Nepali royal massacre. After the fall of the monarchy, it was converted to a museum.The Taragaon Museum presents the modern history of the Kathmandu Valley. It seeks to document 50 years of research and cultural heritage conservation of the Kathmandu Valley, documenting what artists photographers architects anthropologists from abroad had contributed in the second half of the 20th century. The actual structure of the Museum showcases restoration and rehabilitation efforts to preserve the built heritage of Kathmandu. It was designed by Carl Pruscha (master-planner of the Kathmandy Valley [69]) in 1970 and constructed in 1971. Restoration works began in 2010 to rehabilitate the Taragaon hostel into the Taragaon Museum. The design uses local brick along with modern architectural design elements, as well as the use of circle, triangles and squares. The Museum is within a short walk from the Boudhnath stupa, which itself can be seen from the Museum tower.
ART GALLERIES
Kathmandu is a center for art in Nepal, displaying the work of contemporary artists in the country and also collections of historical artists. Patan in particular is an ancient city noted for its fine arts and crafts. Art in Kathmandu is vibrant, demonstrating a fusion of traditionalism and modern art, derived from a great number of national, Asian, and global influences. Nepali art is commonly divided into two areas: the idealistic traditional painting known as Paubhas in Nepal and perhaps more commonly known as Thangkas in Tibet, closely linked to the country's religious history and on the other hand the contemporary western-style painting, including nature-based compositions or abstract artwork based on Tantric elements and social themes of which painters in Nepal are well noted for. Internationally, the British-based charity, the Kathmandu Contemporary Art Centre is involved with promoting arts in Kathmandu.
Kathmandu contains many notable art galleries. The NAFA Gallery, operated by the Arts and crafts Department of the Nepal Academy is housed in Sita Bhavan, a neo-classical old Rana palace.
The Srijana Contemporary Art Gallery, located inside the Bhrikutimandap Exhibition grounds, hosts the work of contemporary painters and sculptors, and regularly organizes exhibitions. It also runs morning and evening classes in the schools of art. Also of note is the Moti Azima Gallery, located in a three storied building in Bhimsenthan which contains an impressive collection of traditional utensils and handmade dolls and items typical of a medieval Newar house, giving an important insight into Nepali history. The J Art Gallery is also located in Kathmandu, near the Royal Palace in Durbarmarg, Kathmandu and displays the artwork of eminent, established Nepali painters. The Nepal Art Council Gallery, located in the Babar Mahal, on the way to Tribhuvan International Airport contains artwork of both national and international artists and extensive halls regularly used for art exhibitions.
CUISINE
The staple food of most of Kathmanduites is dal bhat. It consists of rice and lentil soup, generally served with vegetable curries, achar and sometimes Chutney. Momo, a type of Nepali version of Tibetan dumpling, has become prominent in Nepal with many street vendors selling it. It is one of the most popular fast foods in Kathmandu. Various Nepali variants of momo including buff (i.e. buffalo) momo, chicken momo, and vegetarian momo are famous in Kathmandu. Dal Bhaat is the local cuisine of Kathmandu.
Most of the cuisines found in Kathmandu are non-vegetarian. However, the practice of vegetarianism is not uncommon, and vegetarian cuisines can be found throughout the city. Consumption of beef is very uncommon and considered taboo in many places. Buff (meat of water buffalo) is very common. There is a strong tradition of buff consumption in Kathmandu, especially among Newars, which is not found in other parts of Nepal. Consumption of pork was considered taboo until a few decades ago. Due to the intermixing with Kirat cuisine from eastern Nepal, pork has found a place in Kathmandu dishes. A fringe population of devout Hindus and Muslims consider it taboo. The Muslims forbid eating buff as from Quran while Hindus eat all varieties except Cow's meat as the consider Cow to be a goddess and symbol of purity. The chief breakfast for locals and visitors is mostly Momo or Chowmein.
Kathmandu had only one restaurant in 1955.[73] A large number of restaurants in Kathmandu have since opened, catering Nepali cuisine, Tibetan cuisine, Chinese cuisine and Indian cuisine in particular. Many other restaurants have opened to accommodate locals, expatriates, and tourists. The growth of tourism in Kathmandu has led to culinary creativity and the development of hybrid foods to accommodate for tourists such as American chop suey, which is a sweet-and-sour sauce with crispy noodles with a fried egg commonly added on top and other westernized adaptations of traditional cuisine. Continental cuisine can be found in selected places. International chain restaurants are rare, but some outlets of Pizza Hut and KFC have recently opened there. It also has several outlets of the international ice-cream chain Baskin-Robbins
Kathmandu has a larger proportion of tea drinkers than coffee drinkers. Tea is widely served but is extremely weak by western standards. It is richer and contains tea leaves boiled with milk, sugar and spices. Alcohol is widely drunk, and there are numerous local variants of alcoholic beverages. But its use has been now reduced.refnational survey. Drinking and driving is illegal, and authorities have a zero tolerance policy. Ailaa and thwon (alcohol made from rice) are the alcoholic beverages of Kathmandu, found in all the local bhattis (alcohol serving eateries). Chhyaang, tongba (fermented millet or barley) and rakshi are alcohols from other parts of Nepal which are found in Kathmandu. However, shops and bars in Kathmandu widely sell western and Nepali beers. Shops are forbidden to sell alcohol on the first two days and last two days of the Nepali month (Nepal Sambat).
FESTIVALS
Most of the fairs and festivals in Kathmandu originated in the Malla period or earlier. Traditionally, these festivals were celebrated by Newars. In recent years, these festivals have found wider participation from other Kathmanduites as well. As the capital of the Republic of Nepal, various national festivals are celebrated in Kathmandu. With mass migration to the city, the cultures of Khas from the west, Kirats from the east, Bon/Tibetan from the north, and Mithila from the south meet in the capital and mingle harmoniously. The festivities such as the Ghode (horse) Jatra, Indra Jatra, Dashain Durga Puja festivals, Shivratri and many more are observed by all Hindu and Buddhist communities of Kathmandu with devotional fervor and enthusiasm. Social regulation in the codes enacted incorporate Hindu traditions and ethics. These were followed by the Shah kings and previous kings, as devout Hindus and protectors of Buddhist religion.
Cultural continuity has been maintained for centuries in the exclusive worship of goddesses and deities in Kathmandu and the rest of the country. These deities include the Ajima, Taleju (or Tulja Bhavani), Digu taleju, and Kumari (the living goddess).[citation needed] The artistic edifices have now become places of worship in the everyday life of the people, therefore a roster is maintained to observe annual festivals. There are 133 festivals held in the year.
Some of the traditional festivals observed in Kathmandu, apart from those previously mentioned, are Bada Dashain, Tihar, Chhath, Maghe Sankranti, Naga Panchami, Janai Poornima, Pancha Dan, Teej/Rishi Panchami, Pahan Charhe, Jana Baha Dyah Jatra (White Machchhendranath Jatra), and Matatirtha Aunsi.
HINDUISM
Assumedly, together with the kingdom of Licchhavi (c. 400 to 750), Hinduism and the endogam social stratification of the Caste was established in Kathmandu Valley. The Pashupatinath Temple, Changu Narayan temple (the oldest), and the Kasthamandap are of particular importance to Hindus. Other notable Hindu temples in Kathmandu and the surrounding valley include Bajrayogini Temple, Dakshinkali Temple, Guhyeshwari Temple, and the Sobha Bhagwati shrine.
The Bagmati River which flows through Kathmandu is considered a holy river both by Hindus and Buddhists, and many Hindu temples are located on the banks of this river. The importance of the Bagmati also lies in the fact that Hindus are cremated on its banks, and Kirants are buried in the hills by its side. According to the Nepali Hindu tradition, the dead body must be dipped three times into the Bagmati before cremation. The chief mourner (usually the first son) who lights the funeral pyre must take a holy riverwater bath immediately after cremation. Many relatives who join the funeral procession also take bath in the Bagmati River or sprinkle the holy water on their bodies at the end of cremation as the Bagmati is believed to purify people spiritually.
BUDDHISM
Buddhism started in Kathmandu with the arrival of Buddhist monks during the time of Buddha (c. 563 - 483 BC). They started a forest monastery in Sankhu. This monastery was renovated by Shakyas after they fled genocide from Virudhaka (rule: 491-461 BC).
During the Hindu Lichchavi era (c. 400 to 750), various monasteries and orders were created which successively led to the formation of Newar Buddhism, which is still practiced in the primary liturgical language of Hinduism, Sanskrit.
WIKIPEDIA
Atheism = NOTHING created EVERYTHING, for NO REASON.
Makes perfect sense .... NOT!
www.peterkreeft.com/topics-more/20_arguments-gods-existen...
If people would only think for themselves - there would be no atheists.
Atheism is anti-logic and anti-science ......
Atheism is the rejection of one of the only 2 origins options.
The only two options are:
1. An uncaused, supernatural first cause.
2. An uncaused, natural first cause.
Atheists categorically reject option one, therefore they believe in option two - by default.
Option two (an uncaused, natural first cause) is impossible according to logic, natural laws and the scientific method.
Every natural event/effect/entity has to have an adequate cause.
All material/natural entities/events are contingent, they rely on preceding causes.
A natural first cause, cannot be a very FIRST cause because something (which didn't need a cause) must have caused it.
A natural first cause also cannot be the very first cause of the universe because it is woefully inadequate for the effect. An effect cannot be greater than its cause.
So atheism is a set of beliefs which violate the scientific method, ignore logic and defy natural laws.
Atheism is akin to a religion because it credits matter/energy with similar creative powers and attributes as those applied to a creator God, which is really just a more sophisticated version of pagan naturalism, which imbued natural entities such as Mother Nature, The Sun or Moon god etc. with creative and magical powers.
To explain further ....
If there are only 2 options and one is ruled out as 'impossible' by logic, natural law and the scientific method, then it is safe, indeed sensible, to deduce that the other option is the only possible, and likely one.
Anyone who believes in science should know - that the basis of the scientific method is looking for adequate causes for every natural event/effect.
An 'uncaused' natural event is an anathema to science, it cannot even contemplate such a prospect.
If someone was to propose a natural first cause of everything, science would have to ask - what caused it? You cannot claim it was uncaused - that defies the scientific method.
However, if it was caused - if it had a preceding cause, ... then it cannot be the FIRST cause. Because FIRST means FIRST, not second or third.
So the very first cause of everything must be UNCAUSED ... which means, according to science, it CANNOT be a NATURAL cause.
In other words ... it cannot be a contingent entity, it can only be an eternally self-existent, self-reliant, autonomous, infinite, omnipotent entity which is entirely independent of causes, and the limitations that causes impose.
Furthermore, the first cause also has to be completely adequate for the effect, the effect cannot be greater than the cause ... so the first cause has to have adequate powers, properties and potentiality to create the entirety of the universe, i.e. nothing in the universe can be superior in any respect to the first cause.
That means the first cause must embody, or be able to create, every property and quality that exists, which includes: natural laws, information, life, intelligence, consciousness, self-awareness, design, skill, moral values, sense of beauty, justice etc.
All proposed, natural first causes - Big Bang's, Singularities, quantum mechanics etc. are not only ruled out because, as contingent events, they cannot be uncaused, they are also grossly inferior to the effect, which definitively rules them all out as credible first causes.
To put it more simply ... all effects/events/entities are the result of a combination of numerous, preceding causes, but the very first cause is unique, inasmuch as it is a lone cause of everything.
Everything can be traced back to that single cause, it is responsible for every other cause, entity and effect that follows it. Unlike other lesser or subsequent causes it has to account for the totality of everything that exists. So it cannot be inferior in any respect to any particular property, entity, event, effect, or to the totality of them all.
If we have intelligence then, that which caused us cannot be non-intelligent.
Atheists assume that we are greater in that respect than that which caused us .... that is ridiculous and it defies logic and natural law.
What about infinite time?
Time is simply a chronology of natural events. Time began with the origin of the material realm. No natural events ...means - no time. All natural entities, events/effects are contingent, they cannot be self-existent, they rely on causes and the limitations that causes impose. they are not autonomous entities, to propose that is anti-science.
Atheists often say: you can’t fill gaps in knowledge with a supernatural first cause.
But we are not talking about filling gaps, we are talking about a fundamental issue ... the origin of everything in the material realm.
The first cause is not a gap, it is the beginning - and many of the greatest scientists in the history of science had no problem whatsoever with the logic that - a natural, first cause was impossible, and the only possible option was a supernatural creator.
Why do atheists have such a problem with it?
Atheists seem to think that to explain the origin of the universe without a God, simply involves explaining what triggered it, as though its formation from that point on, just happens automatically.
This has been compared by some as similar to lighting the blue touch paper of a firework. They think that if they can propose such a naturalistic trigger, then God is made redundant.
That may sound plausible to some members of the public, who take such pronouncements at face value, and are somewhat in awe of anything that is claimed to be 'scientific'.
But it is obvious to anyone who thinks seriously about it, that a mere trigger is not necessarily an adequate cause.
A trigger presupposes that there is some sort of a mechanism/blueprint/plan already existing which is ready to spring into action if it is provided with an appropriate trigger. So a trigger is not a sole cause, or a first cause, it is merely one contributing cause.
Natural things do only what they are programmed to do, i.e. they obey natural laws and the demands of their own pre-ordered composition and structure. Lighting blue touch paper would do absolutely nothing, unless there is a carefully designed and manufactured firework already attached to it.
Atheists invent all sorts of bizarre myths to explain the origin of the universe and matter/energy.
Such as it arising from nothing of its own volition, for no reason.
Or even the utterly, ludicrous notion of the universe creating itself from nothing. Obviously for something to create itself, it would need to pre-exist its own creation, in order to do the creating!
Another idea which seems to be popular with atheists at present, is a continuously, reciprocating universe, one which ends by running out of energy potential and then rewinds itself in an never ending cycle.
However, the idea that the universe can simply rewind itself in a never ending cycle, which had no beginning, is complete, unscientific nonsense.
It seems atheists will try anything to justify their naturalist ideology. They apparently have no compunction about completely disregarding natural laws.
The Second Law of Thermodynamics rules out such atheist, pie-in-the-sky, origins mythology.
There is no such thing as a free lunch, the idea of a rewinding universe is tantamount to applying the discredited notion of perpetual motion - on a grand scale, to the universe.
Contingent things don't just rewind of their own accord. The Second Law (not to mention common sense) rules it out. Where does the renewed power or renewed energy potential come from? If you wind up a clock, it doesn't rewind itself after it has stopped. The universe had a beginning and it will have an end. That is what science tells us, it cannot rewind itself.
Such ridiculous atheist musings are just a desperate attempt to wriggle out of the inevitable conclusion of logic, and the Law of Cause and Effect which are the real enemies of atheist ideology.
Atheism is hoisted on its own petard by natural law and science, not by religion. Atheists can’t refute the Law of Cause and Effect which is so devastating to their naturalist agenda, so they regularly invent bizarre scenarios which ignore natural laws, and hope people won’t notice. If anyone does they just brush it off with remarks like “we just don’t know ”.
Sorry, atheists apologists may not know …. but we do know, we certainly know what is impossible …. And we certainly know that you cannot blithely step outside the constraints of natural laws and scientific principles, as atheists do, and remain credible.
Atheists are anti-science, because they treat natural law and the whole principle of the scientific method with utter contempt, while they masquerade as the champions of science to the public.
A further nail in the coffin of atheist pseudoscience is existence of order.
The development of order requires an organizational element. To do useful work, or to counter the effects of entropy, energy needs to be directed or guided. Raw energy alone actually tends to increase the effects of entropy, it doesn't increase order.
The organizational principle in living systems is provided by the informational element encoded in DNA.
Natural laws are a type of information which guide the behaviour of energy and matter, but also serve to limit it. They are an inherent property of matter/energy, natural processes operate only within the confines of natural laws. They cannot exceed the parameters of those laws.
A major problem for atheists is to explain where natural laws came from? In a purposeless universe there should be no regulatory principle at all.
Firstly, we would not expect anything to exist, we would expect eternal nothingness.
Secondly, even if we overlook that impossible hurdle, and assume by some amazing fluke and contrary to logic, something was able to create itself from nothing ….. we would expect the ‘something’ would have no ordered structure and we would expect it to behave randomly and chaotically.
This is an absolutely fundamental question to which atheists have no answer. The basic properties of matter/energy scream …. ‘purpose’. Atheists say the exact opposite.
Furthermore, if we add the accepted, atheist belief; that matter is inherently predisposed to produce life and the genetic information for life, whenever environmental conditions are conducive.
The atheist idea of a random, purposeless, universe is left completely in tatters.
It is the atheist ideology that is anti-science, not necessarily individual scientists.
There may be sincere, atheist scientists who respect the scientific method and natural laws, but they are wedded to an ideology that - when push comes to shove, does not respect natural laws.
It is evident that whenever natural laws interfere with atheist naturalist beliefs, the beliefs take precedence over the rigorous, scientific method. It is then that natural laws are disregarded by atheists in favour of unscientific fantasies which are conducive to their ideology.
Of course, in much day-to-day practical science and technology, the question of violating laws doesn't even arise, and we cannot deny that in the course of such work, atheists will respect the scientific method of experiment and observation within the framework of the Law of Cause and Effect and other established laws of science.
Bizarrely, It is a different matter entirely, when it comes to hypotheses about origins. It then becomes an 'anything goes' situation. The main criteria then seems to be that it doesn’t matter whether your hypothesis violates natural laws (all sorts of excuses can be made as to why natural laws need not apply), all that matters is that it is entirely naturalistic, and can be made to sound plausible to the public.
However, the same atheist scientists would not entertain anything in general, day-to-day science, that is not completely in accordance with the scientific method, they make an exception ONLY with anything to do with origins, whether it be the origin of the universe, or the origin of life, or the origin of species.
Atheism is not simply passive non-belief, you can only be a ‘genuine’ atheist if you proactively believe in the following illogical and unscientific notions:
A natural, first cause of the universe that was ‘uncaused’.
A natural, first cause of the universe that was patently not adequate for the effect, (a cause which was able to produce an effect far greater than itself and superior to its own abilities).
That the universe created ITSELF from nothing.
That natural laws simply arose of their own accord, without any reason, purpose or cause.
That energy potential at the start of everything material was able to wind itself up from absolute zero, of its own accord, without any reason, purpose or cause.
That the effect of entropy (Second Law of Thermodynamics) was somehow suspended or didn’t operate to permit the development of order in the universe.
That life spontaneously generated itself, of its own volition, from sterile matter, contrary to: the Law of Biogenesis, the laws of probability, the Second Law of Thermodynamics, Information Theory and common sense.
That the complete human genome was created by means of a long chain of copying mistakes of the original, genetic information in the first living cell, (mutations of mutations of mutations, etc. etc.).
That the complex DNA code was produced by chemical processes.
That the very first, genetic information, encoded in the DNA of the first living cell, created itself by some unknown means.
That matter is somehow inherently predisposed to develop into living cells, whenever conditions are conducive to life. But such a predisposition for life just arose of its own accord, with no purpose and with no apparent cause.
That an ordered structure of atoms, guiding laws of physics, order in the cosmos, order in the living cell and complex information, are what we would expect to occur naturally in a purposeless universe.
The claim of Dawkins and other atheists to be the champions of science and reason is clearly bogus. They think they can get away with it by pretending to have no beliefs. However, when challenged, they indirectly espouse the unscientific beliefs outlined above, in their futile attempts to refute the evidence for a supernatural first cause. Whenever possible, they avoid declaring those beliefs explicitly, but you don’t need to be very astute to realize that relying on those beliefs is the unavoidable conclusion of their arguments. That is why atheism is intellectually bankrupt and is doomed to the dustbin of history.
FOUNDATIONS OF SCIENCE
The Law of Cause and Effect. Dominant Principle of Classical Physics. David L. Bergman and Glen C. Collins
www.thewarfareismental.net/b/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/b...
"The Big Bang's Failed Predictions and Failures to Predict: (Updated Aug 3, 2017.) As documented below, trust in the big bang's predictive ability has been misplaced when compared to the actual astronomical observations that were made, in large part, in hopes of affirming the theory."
Evolution is on the rocks - some recent evidence:
www.flickr.com/photos/101536517@N06/sets/7215 7635944904973/
Fossil museum:
www.flickr.com/photos/101536517@N06/sets/7215 7641367196613/
So much for atheism .... What about progressive (macro) evolution?
There is no credible mechanism for progressive evolution.
Darwin believed that there was unlimited variability in the gene pool of all creatures and plants.
However, the changes possible through selective breeding were known by breeders to be strictly limited.
This is because the changes seen in selective breeding are due to the shuffling, deletion and emphasis of genetic information already existing in the gene pool (micro-evolution). There is no viable mechanism for creating new, beneficial, genetic information required to create entirely new structures and features (macro-evolution).
Darwin ignored the limits which were well known to breeders (even though he selectively bred pigeons himself, and should have known better). He simply extrapolated the limited, minor changes observed in selective breeding to major, unlimited, progressive changes able to create new structures, organs etc. through natural selection, over millions of years.
Of course, the length of time involved made no difference, the existing, genetic information could not increase of its own accord, no matter how long the timescale.
That was a gigantic flaw in Darwinism, and opponents of Darwin's ideas tried to argue that changes were limited, as selective breeding had demonstrated. But because Darwinism had acquired a status more akin to an ideology than purely, objective science, belief in the Darwinian idea outweighed the verdict of observational and experimental science, and classical Darwinism became firmly established as scientific orthodoxy for nearly a century.
Opponents continued to argue all this time, that Darwinism was unscientific nonsense, but they were ostracised and dismissed as cranks, weirdoes or religious fanatics.
Finally however, it was discovered that the opponents of Darwin were perfectly correct - and that constructive, genetic changes (progressive, macro-evolution) require new, additional, genetic information.
This looked like the ignominious end of Darwinism, as there was no credible, natural mechanism able to create new, constructive, genetic information. And Darwinism should have been heading for the dustbin of history,
However, rather than ditch the whole idea, the vested interests in Darwinism had become so great, with numerous, lifelong careers and an ideological agenda which had become dependant on the Darwinian belief system, a desperate attempt was made to rescue it from its justified demise.
A mechanism had to be invented to explain the origin of new, constructive information.
That invented mechanism was 'mutations'. Mutations are ... genetic, copying MISTAKES.
The general public had already been convinced that classical Darwinism was a scientific fact, and that anyone who questioned it was a crank, so all that had to be done, as far as the public was concerned, was to give the impression that the theory had simply been refined and updated in the light of modern science.
The fact that classical Darwinism had been wrong all along, and was fatally flawed from the outset was kept quiet. This meant that the opponents of Darwinism, who had been right all along, and were the real champions of science, continued to be vilified as cranks and scorned by the mass media and establishment.
The new developments were simply portrayed as the evolution and development of the theory. The impression was given that there was nothing wrong with the idea of progressive (macro) evolution, it had simply 'evolved' and 'improved' in the light of greater knowledge.
A sort of progressive evolution of the idea of evolution.
This new, 'improved' Darwinism became known as Neo-Darwinism.
So what is Neo-Darwinism? And did it really solve the fatal flaws of the Darwinian idea?
Neo Darwinism is progressive, macro evolution - as Darwin had proposed, but based on the ludicrous idea that random mutations (accidental, genetic, copying mistakes) selected by natural selection, can provide the constructive, genetic information capable of creating entirely new features, structures, organs, and biological systems. In other words, it is macro evolution based on a belief in a total progression from microbes to man through billions of random, genetic, copying MISTAKES, over millions of years.
However, there is no evidence for it whatsoever, and it is should be classified as unscientific nonsense which defies logic, the laws of probability and Information Theory.
People are sometimes confused, because they know that 'micro'-evolution is an observable fact, which everyone accepts. However, evolutionists often cynically exploit that confusion by citing obvious examples of micro-evolution such as: the Peppered Moth, Darwin's finches, so-called superbugs etc., as evidence of macro-evolution.
Of course such examples are not evidence of macro-evolution at all. The public is simply being hoodwinked, and it is a disgrace to science. There are no observable examples or evidence of macro-evolution and no examples of a mutation, or a series of mutations capable of creating new structures, organs etc. and that is a fact. It is no wonder that W R Thompson stated in the preface to the 1959 centenary edition of Darwin's Origin of the Species, that ... the success of Darwinism was accompanied by a decline in scientific integrity.
Micro-evolution is simply the small changes which take place, through natural selection or selective breeding, but only within the strict limits of the built-in variability of the existing gene pool. Any constructive changes outside the extent of the existing gene pool requires a credible mechanism for the creation of new, beneficial, genetic information, that is essential for macro evolution.
Micro evolution does not involve or require the creation of any new, genetic information. So micro evolution and macro evolution are entirely different. There is no connection between them at all, whatever evolutionists may claim.
Once people fully understand that the differences they see in various dogs breeds, for example, are merely an example of limited micro-evolution (selection of existing genetic information) and nothing to do with progressive macro-evolution, they begin to realise that they have been fed an incredible story.
To explain further.... Neo-Darwinian, macro evolution is the ridiculous idea that everything in the genome of humans and every living thing past and present (apart from the original genetic information in the very first living cell) is the result of millions of genetic copying mistakes..... mutations ... of mutations .... of mutations.... of mutations .... and so on - and on - and on.
In other words, Neo-Darwinism proposes that the complete genome (every scrap of genetic information in the DNA) of every living thing that has ever lived was created by a series ... of mistakes ... of mistakes .... of mistakes .... of mistakes etc. etc.
If we look at the whole picture we soon realise that what is actually being proposed by evolutionists is that, apart from the original information in the first living cell (and evolutionists have yet to explain where that original information came from?) - every additional scrap of genetic information for all - features, structures, systems and processes that exist, or have ever existed in living things, such as:
skin, bones, bone joints, shells, flowers, leaves, wings, scales, muscles, fur, hair, teeth, claws, toe and finger nails, horns, beaks, nervous systems, blood, blood vessels, brains, lungs, hearts, digestive systems, vascular systems, liver, kidneys, pancreas, bowels, immune systems, senses, eyes, ears, sex organs, sexual reproduction, sperm, eggs, pollen, the process of metamorphosis, marsupial pouches, marsupial embryo migration, mammary glands, hormone production, melanin etc. .... have been created from scratch, by an incredibly long series of small, accumulated mistakes ... mistake - upon mistake - upon mistake - upon mistake - over and over again, millions of times. That is ... every part, system and process of all living things are the result of literally billions of genetic MISTAKES of MISTAKES, accumulated over many millions of years.
So what we are asked to believe is that something like a vascular system, or reproductive organs, developed in small, random, incremental steps, with every step being the result of a copying mistake, and with each step being able to provide a significant survival or reproductive advantage in order to be preserved and become dominant in the gene pool. Incredible!
If you believe that ... you will believe anything.
Even worse, evolutionists have yet to cite a single example of a positive, beneficial, mutation which adds constructive information to the genome of any creature. Yet they expect us to believe that we have been converted from an original, single living cell into humans by an accumulation of billions of beneficial mutations (mistakes).
Conclusion:
Progressive, microbes-to-man evolution is impossible - there is no credible mechanism to produce all the new, genetic information which is essential for that to take place.
The evolution story is an obvious fairy tale presented as scientific fact.
However, nothing has changed - those who dare to question Neo-Darwinism are still portrayed as idiots, retards, cranks, weirdoes, anti-scientific ignoramuses or religious fanatics.
Want to join the club?
What about the fossil record?
The formation of fossils.
Books explaining how fossils are formed frequently give the impression that it takes many years of build up of layers of sediment to bury organic remains, which then become fossilised.
Therefore many people don't realise that this impression is erroneous, because it is a fact that all good, intact fossils require rapid burial in sufficient sediment to prevent decay or predatory destruction.
So it is evident that rock containing good, undamaged fossils was laid down rapidly, sometimes in catastrophic conditions.
The very existence of intact fossils is a testament to rapid burial and sedimentation.
You don't get fossils from slow burial. Organic remains don't just sit around on the sea bed, or elsewhere, waiting for sediment to cover them a millimetre at a time, over a long period.
Unless they are buried rapidly, they would soon be damaged or destroyed by predation and/or decay.
The fact that so many sedimentary rocks contain fossils, indicates that the sediment that created them was normally laid down within a short time.
Another important factor is that many large fossils (tree trunks, large fish, dinosaurs etc.) intersect several or many strata (sometimes called layers) which clearly indicates that multiple strata were formed simultaneously in a single event by grading/segregation of sedimentary particles into distinct layers, and not stratum by stratum over long periods of time or different geological eras, which is the evolutionist's, uniformitarian interpretation of the geological column.
In view of the fact that many large fossils required a substantial amount of sediment to bury them, and the fact that they intersect multiple strata (polystrate fossils), how can any sensible person claim that strata or, for that matter, any fossil bearing rock, could have taken millions of years to form?
You don't even need to be a qualified sedimentologist or geologist to come to that conclusion, it is common sense.
Rapid formation of strata - latest evidence:
www.flickr.com/photos/101536517@N06/sets/72157635944904973/
All creatures and plants alive today, which are found as fossils, are the same in their fossil form as the living examples, in spite of the fact that the fossils are claimed to be millions of years old. So all living things today could be called 'living fossils' inasmuch as there is no evidence of any evolutionary changes in the alleged multi-million year timescale. The fossil record shows either extinct species or unchanged species, that is all.
The Cambrian Explosion.
Trilobites and other many creatures appeared suddenly in some of the earliest rocks of the fossil record, with no intermediate ancestors. This sudden appearance of a great variety of advanced, fully developed creatures is called the Cambrian Explosion. Trilobites are especially interesting because they have complex eyes, which would need a lot of progressive evolution to develop such advanced features However, there is no evidence of any evolution leading up to the Cambrian Explosion, and that is a serious dilemma for evolutionists.
Trilobites are now thought to be extinct, although it is possible that similar creatures could still exist in unexplored parts of deep oceans.
See fossil of a crab unchanged after many millions of years:
www.flickr.com/photos/101536517@N06/12702046604/in/set-72...
Fossil museum: www.flickr.com/photos/101536517@N06/sets/72157641367196613/
What about all the claimed scientific evidence that evolutionists have found for evolution?
The evolutionist 'scientific' method has resulted in a serious decline in scientific integrity, and has given us such scientific abominations as:
Piltdown Man (a fake),
Nebraska Man (a pig),
South West Colorado Man (a horse),
Orce man (a donkey),
Embryonic Recapitulation (a fraud),
Archaeoraptor (a fake),
Java Man (a giant gibbon),
Peking Man (a monkey),
Montana Man (an extinct dog-like creature)
Nutcracker Man (an extinct type of ape - Australopithecus)
The Horse Series (unrelated species cobbled together),
Peppered Moth (faked photographs)
The Orgueil meteorite (faked evidence)
Etc. etc.
Anyone can call anything 'science' ... it doesn't make it so.
All these examples were trumpeted by evolutionists as scientific evidence for evolution.
Do we want to trust evolutionists claims about scientific evidence, when they have such an appalling record?
Just how good are peer reviews of scientific papers?
www.sciencemag.org/content/342/6154/60.full
www.examiner.com/article/want-to-publish-science-paper-ju...
Piltdown Man and Nebraska Man were even used in the famous, Scopes Trial as positive evidence for evolution.
Piltdown Man reigned for over 40 years, as a supreme example of human evolution, before it was exposed as a crudely, fashioned fake.
Is that 'science'?
The ludicrous Hopeful Monster Theory and so-called Punctuated Equilibrium (evolution in big jumps) were invented by evolutionists as a desperate attempt to explain away the lack of fossil evidence for evolution. They are proposed methods of evolution which, it is claimed, need no fossil evidence. They are actually an admission that the required fossil evidence does not exist.
Piltdown Man... it survived as alleged proof of evolution for over 40 years in evolution textbooks and was taught in schools and universities, it survived peer reviews etc. and was used as supposed irrefutable evidence for evolution at the famous Scopes Trial..
Nebraska Man, this was a single tooth of a peccary. it was trumpeted as evidence for the evolution of humans, and artists impressions of an ape-like man appeared in newspapers magazines etc. It was also used as 'scientific' evidence for evolution in the Scopes Trial. Such 'scientific' evidence is enough to make any genuine, respectable scientist weep.
South West Colorado Man, another tooth .... of a horse this time... It was presented as evidence for human evolution.
Orce man, a fragment of skullcap, which was most likely from a donkey, but even if it was human. such a tiny fragment is certainly not any proof of human evolution as it was made out to be.
Embryonic Recapitulation, the evolutionist zealot Ernst Haeckel (who was a hero of Hitler) published fraudulent drawings of embryos and his theory was readily accepted by evolutionists as proof of evolution. Even after he was exposed as a fraudster, evolutionists still continued to use his fraudulent evidence in books and publications on evolution, including school textbooks, until very recently.
Archaeoraptor, A so-called feathered dinosaur from the Chinese fossil faking industry. It managed to fool credulous evolutionists, because it was exactly what they were looking for. The evidence fitted the wishful thinking.
Java Man, Dubois, the man who discovered Java Man and declared it a human ancestor ..... admitted much later that it was actually a giant gibbon, however, that spoilt the evolution story which had been built up around it, so evolutionists were reluctant to get rid of it, and still maintained it was a human ancestor. Dubois had also 'forgotten' to mention that he found the bones of modern humans at the same site.
Peking Man, made up from monkey skulls which were found in an ancient limestone burning industrial site where there were crushed monkey skulls and modern human bones. Drawings were made of Peking Man, but the original skull conveniently disappeared. So that allowed evolutionists to continue to use it as evidence without fear of it ever being debunked.
The Horse Series, unrelated species cobbled together, They were from different continents and were in no way a proper series of intermediates, They had different numbers of ribs etc. and the very first in the line, is similar to a creature alive today - the Hyrax.
Peppered Moth, moths were glued to trees to fake photographs for the peppered moth evidence. They don't normally rest on trees in daytime. In any case, the selection of a trait which is part of the variability of the existing gene pool, is not progressive evolution. It is just normal, natural selection within limits, which no-one disputes.
Is macro evolution science? The answer to that has to be an emphatic - NO!
The usual definition of science is: that which can be demonstrated and observed and repeated. Evolution cannot be proved, or tested; it is claimed to have happened in the past, and, as such, it is not subject to the scientific method. It is merely a belief.
Of course, there is nothing wrong with having beliefs, especially if there is a wealth of evidence to support them, but they should not be presented as scientific fact. As we have shown, in the case of progressive evolution, there is a wealth of evidence against it. Nevertheless, we are told by evolutionist zealots that microbes to man evolution is a fact and likewise the spontaneous generation of life from sterile matter. They are deliberately misleading the public on both counts. Evolution is not only not a fact, it is not even proper science.
Go to the Book with image in the Internet Archive
Title: United States Naval Medical Bulletin Vol. 5 Nos. 1-4, 1911
Creator: U.S. Navy. Bureau of Medicine and Surgery
Publisher:
Sponsor:
Contributor:
Date: 1911
Language: eng
Vol. 5, No. 1<br /><br />Preface... ... . ..... . . .. ......... .. ... .... . ... . .. . .... .. . . ..... . .. . . . ..... . v<br />Special articles ............. . ....... . . . .. . ............... . ............1<br />Diphtheria prophylaxis in the Navy. by C. S. Butler. .... . .. .. . ...1<br />Notes on "606," by Raymond Spear.. . .... .. . ... .. .. . ... ..... . ........ . . 4<br />Recent diagnostic methods in otology applicable to the naval service, by<br />G. B. Trible.... . . .. .... ...... . . .......... .. .. . .. 6<br />Bier's method of treatment in acute gonorrheal arthritis, by H.F. Strine. 12<br />Problems of sanitation in landing and expeditionary service in tropical and<br />subtropical regions, translation by P. J. Waldner.. .. . . .. . . . . . . . .. . .. .. 13<br />The mental examination of candidates for enlistment in the Navy and<br />Marine Corps, by Heber Butts.. . ......... . . . .............. . .... . . . .... 29<br />The recent outbreak of cholera in Italy, by C. J. Holeman.. ..... .. . .. . . . 38<br /><br />United States Naval Medical School Laboratories... ... ... .. ... .. .......... . . 41<br />The United States National Museum in its relation to other Government<br />scientific collections, by P. E . Garrison .... . . . .. . .. . ..... . ..... .,..... 41<br />Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, June-August, 1910....... . ... . .... ... . . ........ . .... . 43<br />Recent additions to the pathological collection, United States Naval Medical School. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 43<br /><br />Suggested devices............ . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . ..... . . . .. . ... . . . ..... . . . .. . 46<br />A sanitary garbage-can holder, by H. C. Kellers. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 46<br />The blanket splint, by F. X. Koltes..... ..... ... . . .. . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45<br /><br />Clinical notes.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47<br />Reports of four transfusions by the vein-to-vein method with curved glass<br />tubes, by A. M. Fauntleroy.. . . . . . . . .. . ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47<br />Bilateral inguino-superficial hernia with bilateral undescended testicle,<br />by H. C. Curl...... . ..... . .. . ... . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51<br />Larvae in the deep urethra and bladder, by H. F. Strine..... ... .. . . .. ... 51<br />An extensive razor wound of throat, by W. G. Farwell. ...... . ....... ..... 62<br />Report of two cases of heat cramps on U. S. S. Charleston, by H. A. May... 53<br />Fatigue and exhaustion in the fireroom, by F. G. Abeken .... ... . ... .. . . 67<br />A case of diabetes mellitus, by J.B. Dennis and A. C. Stanley . ........... 58<br />Sciatica incident to physical test (50-mile walk), by J. A. B. Sinclair..... 58<br />Poisoning resulting from the injection of bismuth paste, by C. B. Camerer... 59<br /><br />Current comment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61<br />The medical library on the U. S. S. Solace... . ..... .. ......... .... . ... .. 61<br />Dioxydiamidoarsenobenzol in the treatment of syphilis. .. . .. . .. . . . . . . ... 61<br />New blank forms and instructions pertaining thereto.. . .. .... . ... . . ..... 63<br />A case of yellow fever reaches Honolulu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65<br /><br />Progress in medical sciences. . ....... ... . .. . . . .. . . . ... . . .. . .... . ... .. ... . .. 67<br />General medicine. . .. .. ... . . .. . .... .. ... .. . .. . . .. . .. ..... .. . .. ........ 67<br />A modern conception of the psychoneuroses; status thymolymphaticus and its relation to sudden death; the Cammidge test in experimental pancreatitis and other conditions; hiccough in course of diaphragmatic pleurisy treated by Laborde's method ; fatigue the cause of enuresis; pellagra, some clinical and other features of the disease; is mercury a specific in pulmonary tuberculosis; a case of an acute febrile and probably infectious disease of unknown origin; further remarks on duodenal alimentation ; pemphigoid eruptions in typhoid<br />fever, A. W. Dunbar and J . L. Neilson . .. . .... . ... . . . .. . ... . . . .. 67<br />Surgery - The special field of neurological surgery, five years later; hypodermic injections in action, suggestions for simplifying their administration; the result of 168 operations for hernia; modern treatment of<br />fractures; report of two cases of revolver shot wound of the brain; haemophilia; the exclusion of the skin in surgery; removal of foreign bodies<br />from the bronchi; some notes on the use of nitrous oxid and oxygen for<br />prolonged anesthesia; the end results of prostatectomy, R. Spear and<br />E. Thompson ... . . . .. .. . .. . .... . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76<br />Hygiene and sanitation - Ventilation of ships, particularly merchant ships;<br />oral prophylaxis; recruiting in the German army; concerning the sources<br />of infection in cases of venereal diseases in the city of New York; the<br />effect of a mosquito net on the air within it, H. G. Beyer and C. N.<br />Fiske. .. . . .. ... . .. . .. . . .. . ... . . . . . .. . .. . . . ... . .... .. ... .... .. .. ..... 87<br />Tropical medicine - The rationale of quinine prophylaxis; a case of sleeping<br />sickness studied by precise enumerative methods; statistical study of<br />uncinariasis among white men in the Philippines, C. S. Butler.. . .. .. . .. 95<br />Pathology and bacteriology - A case of typhoid meningitis; complement fixation in thrombo-angiitie obliterans; personal observations on the Ehrlich-Hata "606;" certain aspects of the bacteriology of bacillary dysentery; a rapid presumptive test for diarrhea caused by the gas bacillus; investigation into the acid-fast bacteria found in the faeces with special reference to their presence in cases of tuberculosis; on the nature of the cellular elements presence in milk; infection of a still-born infant by an amoebiform protozoan (entamooba mortinatalium), O. J . Mink.. . . ..... . 99<br />Medical zoology - Ulcerating granuloma of the pudenda a protozoal disease<br />(preliminary communication); report of 15 cases of hymenolepis nana,<br />P. E. Garrison ... .... ... . ... ... .... .. ... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. 102<br />Chemistry and pharmacy - Studies in OEdema. VI. The influence of adrenaline on absorption from the peritoneal cavity, with some remarks<br />on the influence of calcium chloride on absorption ; the action of mercury<br />and iodine in experimental syphilis; a protein reaction in the blood of the insane; chemistry of the antigen used in the Wassermann reaction; a lack of oxygen not a cause of death in cases of diminished air pressure; influence of mercury on the results of the serum reaction in antisyphilitic treatment; quantitative determination of albumin in the urine;<br />E.W. Brown and O. G. Ruge ............. . ............ ... ..... 104<br />Eye, ear, nose, and throat - The use of carbon dioxide snow in eye work;<br />preliminary communication of a new method for the prevention and treatment<br />of sympathetic ophthalmitis, E. M. Shipp......... .. . .. ... ... .. . 106 <br />Reports and letters .. . . . ...... . .... . .... . ... . . ... . ... . .. . . . .. . . 109<br />A visit to the Leper Settlement, Molokai, Hawaii, J. D. Gatewood .... ... . 109<br />Report on the meeting of the American Public Health Association, 1910,<br />C. N. Fiske. . ... ......... .. .. . .. . . . ... . . . ...... . . . .... .. . . ..... ... . . . 114<br />Report on the meeting of the American Hospital Association, 1910, A. W.<br />Dunbar.. . .. .. .... . ... . ... .. . .. .. .. . . . .... ... ... ... .. .. .. ... . ....... 117<br />The latest word from Ehrlich........ . .............................. . .. 122<br /><br />Vol. 5, No. 2<br /><br />Preface... ... .. ... .. ........ ... .................. .... ..... .............. vii<br />Special articles.....................125<br />The intravenous administration of "606" in 56 case, by G. B. Trible and<br />H. A. Garrison ...................... 125<br />Ehrlich discusses "606," translation, by Dr. J.C. Bierwirth. . ...... . . . ... 134<br />Satisfactory results with a simplified Wassermann technique (Emery), by<br />E. R. Stitt. ..................... 142<br />Further notes on the preparation of a culture medium from dried blood<br />serum, by E. W. Brown... . . .. .... . . .. . .. .... . . ... ........ .. .. . .... 144<br />Note on the existence of Agchylostoma duodenale in Guam, by W. M. Kerr. .....................145<br />Intestinal parasites found among the crew of the U.S.S. South Dakota, by<br />E.G. Parker. .... . ..... .. . ..... .. . ..... ...... . .... ... . . ... .. ...... . 145<br />Results of an examination of Filipino mess attendants for intestinal parasites,<br />by W. A. Angwin and C. E. Camerer ..................... 147<br />The practical use of carbon dioxide snow as seen at the West London Hospital, by G. D. Hale. .. .... . .. . . . .. ... . . . .......... . .......... . ..... . 148<br />Nomenclature for causes of physical disability in the Navy, by 0. N.<br />Fiske.. . .. . .......................... . .. .. . .... .. . . .. ...... .. .. .. . 149<br /><br />United States Naval Medical School laboratories . . . . . . ..................... 159<br />An atypical typhoid bacillus, by O. J. Mink.. .. . .. ........ .. ........... 159<br />Notes on parasites found at animal autopsies in the Naval Medical School<br />laboratories during 1910, by C. S. Butler and P. E. Garrison.. . .. . ...... 159<br />Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, December, 1910-February, 1911 . .. ... . . 161<br />Additions to the pathological collection, United States Naval Medical<br />School, December, 1910-February, 1911 . .... .162<br /><br />Suggested devices ...... . . . ... ... .. . . . . . . 163<br />An intestine tray for autopsies, by P. E. Garrison. . . .... .... .. .. .. .. .. ... 163<br />A suggested improvement in the method of taking finger prints, by F. H.<br />Brooks . .... .. .. .. . .. .. . .. .. ... . .... .. .. .. .. . . .. .... . . .. .. . ..... . .. 164<br /><br />Clinical notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167<br />A case of cholecystectomy, by R. Spear. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 167<br />A case of fracture of the skull, by W. M. Garton. . . ... ... . ... . ........ . .. 168<br />Hypernephroma of right kidney, nephrectomy with recovery, by A. M.<br />Fauntleroy... ... .. ... .. ..... .... . .. . . ..... ..... . .... . ............. . 169<br />A case of general chronic perihepatitis, by E. R. Stitt .. . . . . . .. ...... . ... 171<br />Bacillary dysentery showing extreme toxaemia, by E. R. Stitt........ .. .. 173<br />Report on 10 cases of syphilis treated with "606," by U. R. Webb....... 173<br />A suspected case of gangosa, by O. J. Mink.. . . .. . ...... . .... .. . . . .... .... 178<br />Lamblia intestinalis and ascaris lumbricoides associated with amoebic dysentery by G. B. Trible . . . . . ... ....... . . . . .. . .. .. ... . .... . ........ . . . . . . 178<br />A case of pernicious anemia showing points of resemblance to kala azar,<br />by E. R. Stitt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180<br />A case of amoebic dysentery with liver abscess by E. R. Stitt. . .. .. ... ... 180<br />A case of intussusception, by E. R. Stitt..... . . .. . . . . . .. ......... .. . .. . . . 181<br />Report of two unusual fracture cases, by J. B. Dennis and A. C. Stanley... 181<br />Associated tuberculosis and syphilis, by O. J. Mink and E. H. H. Old...... 182<br />An undesirable recruit, by Heber Butts............................ . . . . . 183<br />Report of six cases of appendicitis aboard the U.S. S. Tennessee, by M. K.<br />Johnson and W. L. Mann...... ... .......................... .. ........ 190<br /><br />Current comment... .. .................................................... 193<br />Notification of venereal diseases.............. . .......................... 193<br />The use of salvarsan in filarial disease.. ...................... . .......... 194<br />Howard Taylor Ricketts...................................... . ........ 195<br />Typhoid vaccination. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195<br />Further notes on the new blank forms..................................... 196<br />The bacteriology of acute poliomyelitis............. . .... .. .. ...... ..... 197<br />Hospital facilities at Montevideo.... .... . .............................. 197<br />A correction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197<br />A course of instructive lectures . ......................................... 197<br />Physical culture......... ... . . ........... .. .......................... . . 198<br /><br />Progress in medical sciences...... . ................. . ..... . ............. . .. 199<br />General medicine - Haemoglobinuric fever on the Canal Zone; malingering; on the presence of a venous hum in the epigastrium in cirrhosis of the liver; the use of the X-ray in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis; mercury succinimid in the treatment of tuberculosis; high blood pressure in arteriosclerosis; the treatment and prognosis of exophthalmic goitre; some clinical methods of diagnosis of the functional activity of the heart; further notes on the treatment of paralysis agitans with parathyroid gland; on fever caused by the bite of the sand fly (Phlebotomus papatasii); Myzomyia roasii as a malaria carrier; a modified Caldwell kitchen incinerator for field use, by A. W. Dunbar and J. L. Xeilson....... 199<br />Surgery - The cause of death from shock by commercial electric currents<br />and the treatment of same; the best method of exposing the interior of the bladder in suprapubic operations; "606 "; a consideration of surgical methods of treating hyperthyroidism; genito-urinary diseases; radium therapy; the intravenous use of cocaine, report of a case; diseases of the stomach and duodenum from a surgical standpoint; dry iodine catgut; disinfection of the skin by tincture of iodine; the Roentgen-ray examination of the esophagus; solitary perforation of the ileum associated with strangulated and obstructed hernia; the time and method for prostatectomy; a practical mechanical method of end-to-end anastomosis of blood vessels; by R. Spear and E. \V . Thompson................... 213<br />Hygiene and sanitation - Sterilization of water on a large scale by means<br />of ultra-violet rays; nota sulla carne refrigerata e sui refrigeranti dei piroscafi; the American game of football, is it a factor for good or for evil? the hygiene of the simming pool ; "cordite eating"; the process of disinfection by chemical agencies and hot water; eggs, a study of eggs offered for sale as pure food; by H. G. Beyer and C. N. Fiske. ..... .. 226<br />Tropical medicine - Upon a new pathognomonic sign of malaria; a simple<br />method for the treatment of cholera; traitement de la trypanosomiase<br />humaine, by C. S. Butler. . .... .. ....... ... .. ...... . . . . ..... .. . ....... 237<br />Pathology and bacteriology - A method for the bacteriological standardization of disinfectants; microorganism found in the blood of acute cases of poliomyelitis; experimental rssearches upon typhus exanthematicus<br />done at the Pasteur Institute of Tunis during the year l910; bacteriology of human bile with especial reference to the typhoid carrier problem; the control of typhoid in the army by vaccination; experiments on transmission of bacteria by flies with special relation to an epidemic of bacillary dysentery at the Worcester State Hospital, Massachusetts, 1910; experiences in the use of vaccines in chronic suppuration of the nasal access0ry sinuses; histological study of skin lesions of pellagra; a resume of the evidence concerning the diagnostic and clinical value of the Wassermann reaction; experimentelle Beitrage zum Studium des Mechanismus der Immunkorper und Komplementwirkung; by O. J . Mink.............. 240<br />Chemistry and pharmacy.-The preparation of thyroid extract for therapeutic<br />purposes; the action of urinary antiseptics; wird eingenommenes<br />Chinin mit der Muttermilch ausgeschieden? Uebergang von Arzenmitteln<br />in die Milch; the quantitative estimation of albumin in the urine, by Tsuchiya's procss; the quantitative determination of albumin according to Tsuchiya; on the stability of the solutions prepared for Bang's method of estimating sugar in the urine, by E. M. Brown and O. G. Ruge.. . .......... 251<br />Eye, ear, nose, and throat - Tests for color-vision ; a note on the use of scarlet red in corneal diseases; report on progress in otology; ear disease and its prevention; the prevalence of middle ear disease in the [British] army, with a suggestion for a remedy; peritonsillar abscess; by E. M. Shipp. . ........ . . 266<br /><br />Reports and letters ............ 267<br />The surgical aspect of the engagement of La Ceiba, Honduras, by L. W.<br />Bishop and W. L. Irvine.......... . ......... . .. . ... . ....... . . . ...... 267<br />Extract from sanitary report of U.S.S. New Orleans, for the year 1901, by<br />W. F. Arnold... .. .. .. ....... ... . . . ... . . ... ..... . . ... . . . .. .. . . ....... 269<br /><br />Vol. 5, No. 3<br /><br />Preface...... ........... ................... .... ...... .... .. .... ...... .. ... v<br />Special articles: ·<br />Tropical diseases in their relation to the eye, by E. M. Shipp.... .... . . . . 271<br />Intravenous administration of salvarsan, by G. B. Trible and H. A.<br />Garrison. ... . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285<br />The mental examination of 50 recruits who became insane soon after enlistment, by Heber Butts........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295<br />Diagnosis and treatment of hernia in the Navy, by B. F. Jenness.... .. ... 313<br /><br />United States Medical School laboratories:<br />Davainea madagascariensis in the Philippine Islands, by P. E. Garrison. . 321<br />The interpretation of negative and weakly positive reactions in Noguchi's<br />complement fixation test, by M. E. Higgins... . .. . . . ....... . ......... 327<br />Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, March-May, 1911........ . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 328<br />Specimens added to the pathological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, March-May, 1911. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328<br /><br />Suggested devices:<br />An improvised X-ray apparatus, by H. A. Harris. . . . ..... . .. .. . .. . . . . . . 331<br />Fracture of mandible with improved method of adjustment, by W. A.<br />Angwin .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332<br /><br />Clinical notes:<br />Gunshot wound of elbow, by Raymond Spear..... .. .. . .... . . . ... . . . ... . 335<br />Clinical symptoms appearing immediately after antityphoid inoculation,<br />by J. R. Phelps and G. F. Clark. . .. .... . .. ..... . . ... . . ... .. . .. . . . . . .. 336<br />Posterior gastro-enteroetomy three years after anterior gastro-enteroetomy,<br />by A. M. Fauntleroy... . .. ... .. ... . . ... . .. . . .. ... ... ... .. ..... . .. . . . 338<br />Pontine hemorrhage resulting from a blow in boxing, by H. C. Curl.. . . . . 340<br />Fracture of the zygoma, by R. B. Williams... ... .. . . ............ ....... 341<br />Death from unruptured thoracic aneurism, by E. P. Huff... . . .... . .. ... 342<br />A plastic pernicious anemia associated with agchyloetomiaeis, by E. R. Stitt. 345<br />Balantidium coli infection associated with amoebic dysentery, by G. B.<br />Trible..... . ..... ... . ... . . . ... . . . ....... . ........ . ..... .. . 346<br />Return of syphilitic symptoms after administration of salvarsan, by C. F.<br />Sterne. . ....... . .. . . . . .. . . ... . ..... . .... . ........ . .... . . . . .... . ... . . . 348<br />A case of syphilis which poeeibly demonstrates the efficacy of prophylaxis<br />against venereal diseases, by E. H. H. Old ... . . . . .. ..... 349<br />Cerebral syphilis in a native of Guam, by W. M. Kerr.. ... . . ... ... ..... 350<br />A case of autoserotherapy, by E. O. J. Eytinge and L. W. McGuire. ...... 351<br />Haemoglobinuric fever, by D. G. Sutton. . . . ...... . .. . .. .. . .... .. . .... .. 352<br />Shock caused by lightning stroke, by W. S. Hoen .... . .. . . ............ . . 353<br />An unusual cause of burn, by F. M. Munson.......... .. . . .. . ..... . .. .. 354<br />Traumatic extrusion of testicle, by J . A. B. Sinclair. . . .. . . . . ....... . ... 355<br /><br />Current comment: <br />Criticisms and suggestions relative to the health records . .. .. . . . · 357<br />Distinguished honors conferred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358<br />The closing exercises of the Naval Medical School... . ...... . .... . ... . . . 358<br /><br />Progress in medical sciences:<br />General medicine - Plague in Manchuria and its lessons; the treatment of<br />arthritis deformans; hereditary haemophilia, deficiency in the coagulability<br />of the blood the only immediate cause of the condition; discussion of acidosis, by A. W. Dunbar and J . L. Neilson .. ........ .. ... .. . . .... 361<br />Surgery - Laceration of the axillary portion of the shoulder joint as a factor in the etiology of traumatic combined paralysis of the upper extremity; tuberculosis of the kidney and ureter; injuries to the kidneys with end results; fracture of the patella; acute emergencies of abdominal disease; intestinal obstruction due to kinks and adhesions of the terminal ileum; the functions of the great omentum; treatment of peritonitis consecutive to appendicitis; treatment of ascites by drainage into the subcutaneous tissue of the abdomen; special dangers associated with operations on the biliary passages and their avoidance; a simple method for the relief of certain forms of odynphagia; by Raymond Spear and Edgar Thompson....... ...... . . ... . ... ... ... .. 365<br />Hygiene and sanitation - Food requirements for sustenance and work; carbo-gasoline method for the disinfection of books; typhoid fever and mussel pollution; the duty of the community toward ita consumptives; some aspects of tropical sanitation; table jellies; the significance of the bacillus carrier in the spread of Asiatic cholera; the value of vaccination and revaccination; prophylaxie de la syphilis; the value of terminal disinfection; a method for determining the germicidal value and penetrating power of liquid disinfectants; by H. G. Beyer and C. N. Fiske........... 377<br />Tropical medicine - Further researches on the hyphomycetes of tinea imbricata; the action of'' 606" in sleeping sickness; the action of salvarsan in malaria; the application of "606" to the treatment of kala-azar; the specific treatment of leprosy; the role of the infective granule in certain protozoa! infections as illustrated by the spirochaetosis of Sudanese fowls, preliminary note; by C. S. Butler. . .... . . . ..... . .. .. .. . . . . ... . ... .... 389<br />Pathology and bacteriology - Ehrlich's biochemical theory and its conception<br />and application; researches on experimental typhoid fever; a record of 90 diphtheria carriers; the serum diagnosis of syphilis; by M. E. Higgins. . . . 392<br />Medical zoology - Note on the presence of a lateral spine in the eggs of<br />Schistosoma japonicum; onchocerciasis in cattle with special reference<br />to the structure and bionomic characters of the parasite; by P. E.<br />Garrison .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397<br />Chemistry and pharmacy - The preparation of a convenient and stable litmus solution; a method to demonstrate and estimate the digestive fermenta in the feces; a simple method for the estimation of ammonia in the urine of diabetics for the recognition of acidosis; new process for sterilizing water by potassium permanganate; the colorimetric estimation of dextrose in urine; a new method for the estimation of sugar in the urine; by E.W. Brown and O. G. Ruge . .. . .. ... . . . ..... ... . . 398<br />Eye, ear, nose, and throat - Examination of the nose and throat in relation<br />to general diagnosis, results in asthma; the nonsurgical treatment of<br />cataract; by E. M. Shipp..... . . . .. . .. .. .. . .... .. ... . 400<br /><br />Reports and letters:<br />Plague conditions in North China, by W. D. Owens.......... .. .. ... ... 405<br /><br />Vol. 5, No. 4<br /><br />Preface ... .. . . . ............... . ...... ... ........................ .. ........ v<br /><br />Special articles:<br />The tenth convention of the second Hague conference of 1907, and its <br />relation to the evacuation of the wounded in naval warfare, by F. L.<br />Pleadwell (first paper) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409<br />Is gangoea a form of syphilis? by H. E. Odell....... .. ... . ............. 430<br />Salvarsan as a diagnostic and therapeutic agent in syphilis, by C. M.<br />George.... .. ............ ...... . . .. .... . . . .... . .. . 485<br />Flat foot and its relation to the Navy, by R. G. Heiner.. . ............... 451<br />Notes on submarine cruising, by I. F. Cohn............................ 455<br />Important features in the technique of carbon dioxide estimations in air,<br />by E. W. Brown... . ................. . .. . . . ... . ...... . ...... . ..... . . 457<br />The use of salvarsan on board the U.S.S. Michigan, by J . J. Snyder and<br />A. L. Clifton............. . . .. . . .............. . .................... . .. 459<br />Notes on vaccination, by A. B. Clifford... .. ........................... 461<br />The preparation of patient.e for operation at the United States Naval Hospital,<br />Norfolk, Va., by W. M. Garton.. . ..... .... .. .. ... . . . ...... ..... 462<br /><br />United States Naval Medical School laboratories:<br />Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, June-Aug., 1911 ........ . ... .......... . .. . .. 465<br />Specimens added to the pathological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, June-Aug., 1911.................... . .... . .. .. . ... . .. 465<br /><br />Suggested devices:<br />An apparatus for hoisting patients aboard the hospital ship Solace, by<br />E. M. Blackwell... . ............ . . . ................................ . . 467<br />An inexpensive and satisfactory ethyl chloride inhaler for general<br />anaesthesia, by J. H. Barton .. . . ... .. .. .. . . .. .. . .. .... ...... 469<br /><br />Clinical notes:<br />Old "irreducible" dislocation of head of humerus, by H. C. Curl. . . . ... . 471<br />A case of brain tumor, by R. E. Hoyt.. .. .... .... . ...... . . .... . .. ........ 472<br />A case of brain abscess, by J. R. Phelps and G. F. Clark.. .. . .. . . . . . . .. . . 474<br />Report of two cases of cerebrospinal fever, by R. A. Bachmann.. . . . .... 477<br />A case of leprosy on board the U.S.S. Villalobos, by D. H. Noble....... 479<br />A case resembling gangosa, in which a treponema was found, by P. S.<br />Rossiter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481<br />A case extensively burned, by N. T. McLean.. ... .... .. . . .. . .. ... ... . . . 481<br />Acute pemphigus following vaccination, by R. Hayden.... ... . .... ..... . . 482<br />Two interesting cases on the U.S.S. Prairie, by C. C. Grieve . .. . . . .... . . 486<br />An atypical case of typhoid fever, by L. W. Johnson... . ... . .. . .... . .. . .. 488<br />Tolerance of the peritoneum rarely seen, by P. R. Stalnaker and G. W.<br />Shepard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 489<br />Note on tincture of iodine, by R. Spear...... . . . . . ... . ... .... . .. . .. ..... 490<br />Notes on salvarsan, by R. Spear..... . ...... . .............. . ..... . . ..... 491<br /><br /><br />Current comment :<br />Instructions relative to medical returns ... ....... . ..... . ............... .493<br />Clinical cards .. ........... ... . . .. .. ... . .... . . . . . .. . ... . .. . ......... . . .494<br />Measles in Samoa . ................ .. . ... . . . . ... . ....................... .495<br />The conservation of the public health ........ . .................... .496<br />Closure of the naval stations at San Juan and Culebra ....... .. .. . . . ..... 498<br />New pavilion for the practice of thoracic surgery ........ . ..... ...... 498<br />The Bellevue Hospital nomenclature of diseases and conditions, 1911 .... .498<br /><br />Progress in medical sciences:<br />General medicine - Pathological and experimental data derived from a<br />further study of an acute infectious disease of unknown origin; the mode<br />of transmission of leprosy; genesis of incipient tuberculisus; a method<br />for determining the absolute pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid; the after<br />history of cases of albuminuria occurring in adolescence; the stereoscopic<br />X-ray examination of the chest with special reference to the diagnosis of<br />pulmonary tuberculosis; the use of antiformin in the examination for the<br />tubercle bacillus; by A. W. Dunbar and J. L. Neilson ............. . . . 501<br />Surgery - The control of bleeding in operations for brain tumors; intravenous<br />anesthesia from hedonal; the difficulties and limitations of diagnosis in advanced cases of renal tuberculosis; the treatment of X-ray ulcer; nephroureterectomy; by Raymond Spear and Edgar Thompson .. 511<br />Hygiene and Sanitation - A simple method of purifying almost any infected<br />water for drinking purposes; the physiology of the march; wall paper and illumination; vaccination et serotherapie anticholeriques; upon the<br />inoculation of materia morbi through the human skin by fleabites; garbage receptacles; the relative influence of the heat and chemical impurity of close air; method for measuring the degree of vitiation of the air of inclosed spaces; by H. G. Beyer and C.N. Fiske . .. . .. ..... . 518<br />Tropical medicine - The diagnosis of pellagra; researches upon acarids <br />among lepers; action of "606" upon malaria; by C. S. Butler ......... . 523<br />Pathology and bacteriology - An outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by<br />B. paratyphosus; infection of rabbits with the virus of poliomyelitis; the<br />mechanism of the formation of metastases in malignant tumors; a method<br />for the pure cultivation of pathogenic treponema pallidum; by Y. E .<br />Higgins .. .... .. .. . ..................... .. ..... . ............. . ...... . 528<br />Medical zoology - On Kwan's fluke and the presence of spines in<br />fasciolopsis; endemic Mediterranean fever (Malta fever) in southwest<br />Tcxas; by P. E. Garrison . ..... . .......... .. . . .... . .... . ........... . . . 532<br />Chemistry and pharmacy - Detection of blood by means of leuco-malachitegreen; an improved form of Heller's ring test for detection of albumin in the urine; an important reagent for Fehling's method for sugar estimation; method for the estimation of urotropin in the urine; detection of amylolytic ferments in the feces; new technique for the estimation of total nitrogen, ammonia, and urea in the urine; chemotherapy and "606" by E. W. Brown and O. G. Ruge ............... 533<br />Eye, ear, nose, and throat - Defective vision and its bearing on the question<br />of fitness for service; "606 ' ' and eye diseases; by E. M. Shipp ... .. .. .538<br /><br />Reports and letters:<br />American Medical Association meeting, by C. P. Bfagg .. .. .... . .....550<br />Sanitary report on Kiukiang, Kiangse Province, China, by D. H. Noble ...550<br />Index to volume V ...............559<br />Subject index .......... . ........ . ....................... 559<br />Author's index . . . ........ . ..... . ......... . ......... . 570<br /><br /><br />
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1981 (part 1 of 3)
January 5, 1981
Kanata residents discussed the past year of the Katimavik-Hazeldean Community Association, including the Association's incorporation July 16, 1980 and the rash of break-ins the community experienced in January, February, and March of 1980. Kanata Standard, Jan. 9, 1981:2.
January 5, 1981
Two members of the Ontario Municipal Board listened to the Region regarding their opposition to the diversion of Eagleson Road South to a position east of Bridlewood. The hearing was to continue February 9, 1981. Kanata Standard, Jan. 9, 1981:1.
January 5, 1981
Kanata Ladies' Bowling Section "A" closed with Team One the victors: Marg Anderson, Ev Fraser, Rose Sullivan, and Dot Ollett. Kanata Standard, Jan. 23, 1981:13.
January 6, 1981
Council heard a deputation from members of the Stittsville and District Snowmobile Club, protesting the ban on snowmobile operation on city urban streets and charged Council with a breach of faith based on an accord they believed had been reached in the fall. Kanata Standard, Jan. 9, 1981:1.
January 9, 1981
Mayor Marianne Wilkinson wrote in her Commentary that the Kanata Hydro Commission had taken over the supply of electric power to all parts of Kanata. The Commission, which was operating out of the former Municipal Office buildings, had a few problems the first day, the mayor said, but everything soon ran smoothly. Kanata Standard, Jan. 9, 1981:1.
January 9, 1981
It was announced that the Fraggalosch family of Kanata won the March Hockey Association's draw for a trip for two to Acapulco, Mexico. Kanata Standard, Jan. 9, 1981:1.
January 9, 1981
It was announced that several hundred Kanata residents from Salter Square, Bering Court, McClintock Way, and Eagleson Manor faced mortgage interest increases of 7 per cent or more. These homeowners had purchased their homes with mortgage interest rates of about 8 per cent under the government's AHOP subsidized-mortgage programme, which the government decided not to continue. Kanata Standard, Jan. 9, 1981:1.
January 9, 1981
It was announced that Thermocell Insulation Ltd. subcontracted the collection of Kanata's waste newsprint to Ottawa's Provincial Sanitation Company. The change, pending Council's decision on whether or not to continue the program, was believed to make the service more efficient. Kanata Standard, Jan. 9, 1981:1.
January 9, 1981
The Kanata Standard wrote that Fazeela Docter was attempting to organize a Block Parents Program in Beaverbrook. The object of the program was to enlist the aid of residents to provide safe refuge for a child in danger or trouble. Kanata Standard, Jan. 9, 1981:2.
January 9, 1981
A number of women in Bridlewood announced they were looking to form a ladies' daytime X-country ski club. Kanata Standard, Jan. 9, 1981:2.
January 9, 1981
It was announced that Council had passed a motion to appoint William J. Berry to the Committee of Adjustment. Kanata Standard, Jan. 9, 1981:3.
January 9, 1981
The March Rural Executive welcomed the initiative of Garnie Hewitt in coordinating the operation of the March Central Rink. Kanata Standard, Jan. 9, 1981:3.
January 9, 1981
Campeau Corporation gave permission to the municipality to install gates in the fencing it had placed around a large part of its property north of Beaverbrook in order to maintain public access to ski trails and nature trails. Kanata Standard, Jan. 9, 1981:3.
January 9, 1981
Being the Year of Disabled Persons, the municipality established a committee to bring forward suggestions on special activities or events to commemorate the year. Kanata Standard, Jan. 9, 1981:3.
January 9, 1981
It was announced that raffle tickets needed to be sold to raise money for special treatment for Stephen Courrier, a Glen Cairn boy who was severely brain damaged in an accident in June of 1973. The treatment he received was at the Sptiz Clinic in Philadelphia. Kanata Standard, Jan. 9, 1981:4.
January 9, 1981
Dan Perley wrote in his column that residents had expressed concern that large chunks of land were being held together by the City more to facilitate construction of factories or housing developments than to preserve agriculture or for conservation value. Kanata Standard, Jan. 9, 1981:6.
January 9, 1981
Mike Bedard announced the results of the Bill McNeill Memorial Tournament at the Mlacak Arena. The Midget Crees, the Atom Crees, the Bantam Iroquois, and the Pewee Chiefs all won the "A" Division Championships. Kanata Standard, Jan. 9, 1981:8.
January 9, 1981
It was announced that Kenneth Finch would teach the Kanata Art Club classes again in 1981. Kanata Standard, Jan. 9, 1981:13.
January 9, 1981
The Atom "A" Blazers travelled to Brockville for the Thousand Island International Tournament, at which they achieved second place. Kanata Standard, Jan. 23, 1981:7.
January 10, 1981
The Cubs and Scouts of Kanata held a bottle drive. Kanata Standard, Dec. 19, 1980:7.
January 13, 1981
Ron MaKeekin of the Kanata March Hares Football Club appeared before Council to request financial support for the purchase of trophies. Kanata Standard, Jan. 23, 1981:6.
January 15, 1981
The 1981 Bridlewood Board of Directors was all acclaimed: President--Roy Meikle, Vice-President--Tom Petch, Treasurer--Rick Seaman, Secretary--Stu Chandler. Kanata Standard, Jan. 23, 1981:3.
January 15, 1981
Mike James was appointed to the Bridlewood Transit Committee and Stu Chandler was appointed to the Bridlewood Pathways Committee. Kanata Standard, Jan. 23, 1981:5.
January 16, 1981
A successful bake sale was held by the March Kanata Sailing Club. Kanata Standard, Jan. 23, 1981:7.
January 17, 1981
The March Montessori School's annual fundraising dance, the "Hound Dog Hop II," was held. Kanata Standard, Dec. 12, 1980:3.
January 20, 1981
Bob Tennant of MacDonald Homes described to Council the features of a class of energy-saving homes that the company was building in the McCurdy neighbourhood of Katimavik. Kanata Standard, Jan. 23, 1981:1.
January 21, 1981
Joyce Phin, director of the Montessori school, explained the Montessori math program to parents. Kanata Standard, Feb. 6, 1981:12.
January 23, 1981
Constable Peter Leclair confirmed that Kanata's Neighbourhood Watch Program had made a considerable difference in the number of break-ins and thefts in the area. Kanata Standard, Jan. 23, 1981:1.
January 23, 1981
William Casley, 19, of Kanata, was honoured by the OPP for saving the driver of a burning car in August 1979. The driver, it had turned out, had been a friend of William's from Earl of March. Kanata Standard, Jan. 23, 1981:1.
January 23, 1981
R.J.A. expressed concern in an editorial over the Mayor's effort to explain the circumstances surrounding the dismissal of Regional Treasurer Jim Perkins. Kanata Standard, Jan. 23, 1981:2.
January 23, 1981
Paul Dick, MP, expressed concern over the termination of AHOP-funded housing, and in the effects it would have on the Kanata region. Kanata Standard, Jan. 23, 1981:2.
January 23, 1981
Dave Western, Chairman of the Education Committee in Bridlewood, resigned. Kanata Standard, Jan. 23, 1981:3.
January 23, 1981
Sheila McKee made a plea to Kanata residents to donate "anything in any condition" to the sister of Mike McLean, Kanata resident, her husband, and their 7-month-old baby. The family's house south-west of Kanata was completely destroyed by fire. Kanata Standard, Jan. 23, 1981:5.
January 23, 1981
Mayor Marianne Wilkinson explained in her Commentary the circumstances surrounding the dismissal of Regional Treasurer Jim Perkins. Kanata Standard, Jan. 23, 1981:8.
January 23, 1981
Rosalie Vigneron reported that the Christmas Red Cross Clinic was a modest success with 173 donors. Kanata Standard, Jan. 23, 1981:11.
January 23, 1981
Kanata Standard Ltd., the new company that was to take over publication of the Kanata Standard was officially registered. The company was jointly owned by the Kanata Beaverbrook Community Association, the Katimavik-Hazeldean Community Association and private citizens. Kanata Standard, Feb. 6, 1981:1.
January 23, 1981
It was announced that the Kanata Fire Department had presented the Canadian Cancer Society's Branch for the Terry Fox Fund with a cheque for $1000. Kanata Standard, Jan. 23, 1981:14.
January 23, 1981
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ottawa was reported to have authorized the purchase of land in Kanata for a Roman Catholic Church, which would be located at Eagleson Road and Rothesay Drive. Kanata Standard, Jan. 23, 1981:18.
January 24, 1981
The Kanata Kids Association held a Wintertime Fair at the Katimavik Community Centre. Kanata Standard, Jan. 23, 1981:11.
January 27, 1981
Council was split down the middle trying to resolve a long-standing issue of where the Western Boundary Road should be built. Kanata Standard, Feb. 6, 1981:1.
January 27, 1981
Council approved the purchase of a triple-combination fire truck and ancillary equipment at a total cost of $91,901. The truck was to go in the new fire station to be built on Eagleson Road at Rothesay Drive. Kanata Standard, Feb. 6, 1981:5.
January 27, 1981
The Black Tower Restaurant in Kanata was handed a $1000 fine in provincial court for selling liquor to minors. Kanata Standard, Feb. 6, 1981:16.
January 28, 1981
A wine and cheese was held at the Citizen building for voice and hearing-impaired children with guest speaker Tina Novelli-Amstead. Kanata Standard, Jan. 23, 1981:14.
February 1, 1981
The Stittsville and District Snowmobile Association held their drag races. Kanata Standard, Jan. 23, 1981:13.
February 2, 1981
The Carleton Board of Education decided to provide a French Immersion Centre for kindergarten to grade 5 in Katimavik. Kanata Standard, Feb. 6, 1981:1.
February 6, 1981
It a was announced that a meeting was held to organize the Bridlewood nursery school opening in the fall. Kanata Standard, Feb. 6, 1981:3.
February 6, 1981
The Kanata Standard wrote that Susan Kunstadt hoped to organize a ladies fitness class at the Bridlewood Community Centre. Kanata Standard, Feb. 6, 1981:3.
February 6, 1981
In Marianne Wilkinson's Commentary, she noted that Paul Dick and condominium residents met with the Minister in Charge of CMHC, Paul Cosgrove, regarding the end of AHOP housing funding. The mayor noted that the government didn't seem likely to change its plans. Kanata Standard, Feb. 6, 1981:4.
February 6, 1981
It was announced that Brian Carr of Ryder Truck Rentals appeared before Council to request to establish a truck rental agency at the Kanata Esso station on the corner of the Parkway and Teron Road. Kanata Standard, Feb. 6, 1981:5.
February 6, 1981
The Annual Kanata March Horticultual Society Potluck Supper was held at the home of Bob Shank and his wife. The new executive was announced: President--Arnold By, First Vice-President--Mary Ware, 2nd Vice-President--Isobelle Skinner. Kanata Standard, Feb. 6, 1981:8.
February 6, 1981
It was announced that Molly Wilson was presented with the Service Award Certificate by the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food and the Kanata March Horticultural Society. Kanata Standard, Feb. 6, 1981:8.
February 6, 1981
The Kinsmen Club of West Carleton announced that they had changed their name to the Kinsmen Club of Kanata in order to identify themselves with the new city. Kanata Standard, Feb. 6, 1981:9.
February 6, 1981
Slavia, a new Kanata restaurant, opened in the east end of the Glen Cairn Plaza on Highway 7. Kanata Standard, Feb. 6, 1981:11.
February 6, 1981
The new March Tennis Club executive was announced: President--Ted Exton, Vice-President--Dave Evans, Secretary--Geoff Holland, Treasurer--Helena Kalivoda. Kanata Standard, Feb. 6, 1981:16.
February 6, 1981
It was announced that an Interim Board of Directors was approved for the Kanata Business Association. Kanata Standard, Feb. 6, 1981:17.
February 6-7, 1981
March Kanata Skating Club's 1981 ice show, "Lights on Broadway," was presented. Kanata Standard, Feb. 6, 1981:18.
February 8, 1981
The March Hockey Association held a skate-a-thon. Kanata Standard, Jan. 23, 1981:13.
February 9-13, 1981
The annual winter carnival was held at Earl of March, that included a Mad Moose Memorial Race and a pancake breakfast. Kanata Standard, Feb. 6, 1981:13.
February 10, 1981
In a Committee-of-the-whole meeting, Ontario Hydro repudiated the agreement reached before Christmas to prune trees on the hydro easements rather than cut them down. Kanata Standard, Feb. 20, 1981:1.
February 11, 1981
A discussion was held regarding the decision to make the new Katimavik school a kindergarten to grade 5 French Immersion programme. A number of participants signed a petition to ask the Board to reconsider its decision. Kanata Standard, Feb. 20, 1981:1.
February 13-14, 1981
The Glen Cairn Figure Skating Club presented its annual ice show, "Frolics '81." Kanata Standard, Feb. 6, 1981:19.
February 14, 1981
The Beaverbrook Guide and Brownie Valentine Tea was held at the Earl of March cafeteria. Kanata Standard, Feb. 6, 1981:9.
February 14-15, 1981
Sixteen Kanata skiers participated in Courier de Bois category at the 15th Annual Canadian Ski Marathon. Kanata's winners of this years Bronze Courier de Bois medals were awarded to: Phil Gregory, David Lawrence, Francois Lucas, Marc Lucas, Edward McNamara, and Michael Bowland. Kanata Standard, March 6, 1981:3.
February 17, 1981
The new Bridlewood Community Centre opened. Kanata Standard, Feb. 6, 1981:3.
February 17, 1981
The Earl of March Concert Band played at the official opening of the Bridlewood Community Centre. Kanata Standard, Feb. 20, 1981:5.
February 17, 1981
It was announced that the Torbolton March Town Line would be renamed the Thomas A. Dolan Parkway. Kanata Standard, Feb. 20, 1981:6.
February 18-21, 1981
The Kanata Theatre ran their production of "Boustille and the Just," featuring Chris Robinson, Margaret Jardine, and Jo-Anne Manion. Kanata Standard, Feb. 6, 1981:14.
February 20, 1981
It was reported that Carleton MPP Bob Mitchell and Carleton-Grenville MPP Norm Sterling presented Mayor Marianne Wilkinson with a cheque for $265,000 as part of the province’s contribution to reconstructing the Glen Cairn sewers. Kanata Standard, Feb. 20, 1981:1.
February 20, 1981
It was announced that Kanata City Council had approved a by-law that would set up a parking system for handicapped drivers in the City of Kanata. Kanata Standard, Feb. 20, 1981:2.
February 20, 1981
Mayor Marianne Wilkinson mentioned in her Commentary that a number of people had dumped gasoline and other volatile materials into catch basins in the city. She warned that those basins led directly to local streams and rivers. Kanata Standard, Feb. 20, 1981:2.
February 20, 1981
The committee for a community school in Katimavik presented a letter to the Carleton Board of Education saying that they preferred the idea of a dual school in Katimavik. Hal Hansen of the CBE presented a response to the committee's concerns. Kanata Standard, Feb. 6, 1981:7.
February 20, 1981
L. Sayers wrote an article for the Kanata Standard regarding the "Fitness for Seniors" programme offered by the Carleton Board of Education and the Kanata Recreation Department. Kanata Standard, Feb. 20, 1981:10.
February 20 - 22, 1981
The Bridlewood Winter Carnival took place, including hockey at the Glen Cairn Arena and a Children's Activity Day. Kanata Standard, Feb. 20, 1981:3.
February 22, 1981
The Kanata Blazers Major Pewee "AA" team travelled to Brockville for the Brockville Minor Hockey Association Black and Decker Invitational Tournament where they won the "B" side of the double elimination format. Kanata Standard, March 6, 1981:14.
February 24, 1981
In a Committee-of-the-whole meeting, Gerry Lemair, of OC Transpo, outlined changes proposed to the Kanata bus routes, including the extension of the 99 service out to Kanata. Kanata Standard, March 6, 1981:1.
February 24, 1981
The Committee-of-the-whole approved, subject to a number of conditions, the lease of the old library building to the Hazeldean Lions Club. Kanata Standard, March 6, 1981:1.
February 28, 1981
St. Isidore's Parish held a bazaar to raise money for the new church they were building in Kanata. The slogan of the bazaar was: "buy a pie and pay for a brick." Kanata Standard, March 6, 1981:18.
March 1, 1981
The Kanata Major Atom AA Blazers captured the Cornwall Atom AA Tournament championship with three straight wins. Kanata Standard, March 20, 1981:19.
March 4, 1981
The Kanata Beaverbrook Community Association presented plaques to Ron Andoff and Diane Pilsworth, Beaverbrook's Man and Woman of the Year. Kanata Standard, March 6, 1981:3.
March 5, 1981
Nancy Landry, trustee for the Carleton Separate School Board and Hal Hansen, trustee for the Carleton School Board told the Bridlewood Community Association that they had no plans to build in the area. Kanata Standard, March 20, 1981:2.
March 5-7, 1981
The Kanata Book Fair was held at Stephen Leacock Public School. Kanata Standard, March 6, 1981:11.
March 6, 1981
The Kanata Loppet 1981 was cancelled because of the deterioration of the ski trails that season. Kanata Standard, March 6, 1981:13.
March 6, 1981
Brenda Stewart wrote an article for the Kanata Standard about Connie Lackner, a Glen Cairn tailor who made women's custom suits using natural fibre and traditional techniques. Kanata Standard, March 6, 1981:1.
March 6, 1981
Alan Seward's Council Notes commented on the poor heating and ventilation in the City Hall Chamber. The established cost of repairs to Campeau Corporation, the landlord, was $23,227. Kanata Standard, March 6, 1981:2.
March 6, 1981
Darn Perley mentioned in his column that a number of people had spoken to him about the possibility of setting up a community orchestra or band. Kanata Standard, March 6, 1981:2.
March 6, 1981
It was announced that the City of Kanata had received petitions asking that Young Road not be closed off to Highway 7, as planned. Council was of the opinion that the closing was a requirement of the Ministry of Transportation and Communications. Kanata Standard, March 6, 1981:2.
March 6, 1981
A letter was received from the Ontario Humane Society asking for Kanata City Council's support in opposing a government-proposed change in the law which would permit private zoos of wild animals. Their objection was because of a fear of the spread of rabies and the negative effects on the animals. A motion to look into the matter was passed by Council. Kanata Standard, March 6, 1981:2.
March 6, 1981
Eva James noted in the Bridlewood Pony that Bridlewood's winter carnival had been "very successful despite the lack of snow." Kanata Standard, March 6, 1981:3.
March 6, 1981
It was reported that Robin McLeish, of Kanata, won the Canadian Downhill Skiing Championships. Kanata Standard, March 6, 1981:4.
March 6, 1981
Ruth Fortune wrote an article in the Kanata Standard regarding the success of Earl of March's Co-operative Education Programme. The program was founded in 1978 by E.O.M. teachers John Lyon and Gerry Clarke. Kanata Standard, March 6, 1981:6.
March 6, 1981
Mary Cook, author of two books, "Time to Blow Out the Lamp," and "A Collector's Stories and Recipes," spoke to two grade 6 classes at Stephen Leacock Public School. Kanata Standard, March 6, 1981:6.
March 6, 1981
Bob Mitchell, MPP, Carleton, announced that tenders were being called for the construction of an Ontario Provincial Police detachment building in Kanata, for the Ministry of the Solicitor General. Kanata Standard, March 6, 1981:9.
March 6, 1981
The Kanata Standard announced that Mayor Marianne Wilkinson had signed a proclamation naming March Arthritis Month in Kanata. Kanata Standard, March 6, 1981:10.
March 9, 1981
It was established that the Kanata Little League Baseball and Softball Association would be the only association to administer a ball program in the city of Kanata. For this reason, wrote the Kanata Standard, the March Softball Association was dissolved and all its liabilities and assets were transferred over to the new association. Kanata Standard, March 20, 1981:17.
March 10, 1981
La Leche League of Kanata held a meeting to discuss "The Advantages of Breast Feeding." Kanata Standard, March 6, 1981:10.
March 11, 1981
The western finalist for the annual Carleton Public Speaking Contest was Michael Reid from Bell's Corners Public School. His subject was "inventions." Kanata Standard, March 20, 1981:4.
March 14, 1981
The Hazeldean District Brownies and Guides held their annual tea, bake sale, and bazaar. March 6, 1981:8.
March 14-15
The Glen Cairn Midget Bobcats, coached by Val Townsend, Norm Brownlee, and Wayne Taylor, won a midget house league tournament in Potsdam, New York. Kanata Standard, April 16, 1981:17.
March 15, 1981
Archbishop A. Plourde recently announced the appointment of Rev. Peter Schonenbach from St. Elizabeth's Parish in Ottawa as the new Roman Catholic Pastor for Kanata and Stittsville. Kanata Standard, May 15, 1981:26.
March 17, 1981
Mayor Marianne Wilkinson declared April Cancer Month in the City of Kanata after the City was presented with of a bowl of daffodils from the Canadian Cancer Society. Kanata Standard, March 20, 1981:5.
March 17, 1981
An objection by residents of Casgrain Court to the proposed operation of a truck rental business at the Kanata Esso Station on Teron Road was referred to City staff. Kanata Standard, March 20, 1981:5.
March 17, 1981
Professionals located in Eagleson Plaza lodged a request to Kanata City Council for the completion of Kakulu Road. Kanata Standard, March 20, 1981:5.
March 19, 1981
Kanata Seniors’ Happy Companions enjoyed an Activity Day at March Central where they learned how to make cloth flowers and Easter Bunny label pins. Kanata Standard, April 3, 1981:5.
March 20, 1981
Hal Hansen, trustee for the Carleton School Board, announced that the Ontario Public School Men Teachers Federation presented Diamond Jubilee Awards to four people, including former CBE trustee Eric Hicks. Kanata Standard, March 20, 1981:6.
March 20, 1981
It was announced that the Regional Planning Committee decided to accept an amendment to the Regional Plan requested by Campeau Corporation regarding the development of the Lakeside area surrounding the Beaver Pond. Kanata Standard, March 20, 1981:1.
March 20, 1981
It was reported that the Beaverbrook pool may not open in 1981 because of cracks in the side and bottom of the main pool. March 20, 1981:1.
March 20, 1981
Don Kennedy of the land development division announced that despite the decision of the Campeau Corporation to stop building residences in the Ottawa area, building would proceed in the Marchwood-Lakeside development. March 20, 1981:1.
March 20, 1981
Dan Perley announced that the new March Rural Association met to elect five new officers: President--Art Veck, Secretary--Leanne Dwyer, and Treasurer--Moira Dunbar. Kanata Standard, March 20, 1981:12.
March 20, 1981
A volunteer task force working with the Kanata Beaverbrook Community Association announced that it was considering the benefits of conversion to natural gas for home heating. Kanata Standard, March 20, 1981:14.
March 20, 1981
It was announced that the Glen Cairn Figure Skating Club placed third in club standings at the 1981 Ottawa-Hull Interskate Competition held in the Bob Guertin Arena in Hull. The March Kanata Skating Club placed tenth. Kanata Standard, March 20, 1981:20,21.
March 20, 1981
The Kanata Standard announced that the boundaries for the new Roman Catholic Church to be build in Kanata had been decided upon by the archbishop and members of the metropolitan chapter. The new parish would include Amberwood, Bridlewood, Glen Cairn, Fringewood Village, Hazeldean North, Katimavik, and Stittsville. Kanata Standard, March 20, 1981:22.
March 21, 1981
The Minor Hockey Association held a fundraising dinner dance at the Bridlewood Community Centre. Kanata Standard, March 6, 1981:3.
March 21, 1981
The Bridlewood Community Association held a dance to celebrate spring and St. Patrick's Day that was attended by 113 people. Kanata Standard, April 3, 1981:3.
March 23, 1981
The Kanata Kids Association sponsored a bowling excursion. Kanata Standard, March 20, 1981.
March 25-27, 1981
The Glen Cairn Minor Peewee Hockey team took home the trophy from a tournament in Orleans. Kanata Standard, April 16, 1981:16.
March 26-29, 1981
The Kanata Tyke Blazers won the third Annual Novice Hockey Tournament in Dollard des Ormeaux, Quebec. Kanata Standard, April 16, 1981:14.
April 1, 1981
The inaugural meeting of the Kanata Business Association was held at the Mlacak Centre. The Association was established to "provide local businesses with the method to discuss concerns, problems, and interests, and bring them to the attention of appropriate groups." Kanata Standard, April 3, 1981:6.
April 1, 1981
The first annual meeting of the Kanata Business Association was held and a board was elected: President--Clarence Maheral, Vice-President--Tony Jarvis, Secretary-Treasurer--Andy Robinson. Kanata Standard, April 16, 1981:1,4.
April 3, 1981
Gordon Marwood noted in the Kanata Standard that spring had brought forward both the construction of the new Kanata police station and the Katimavik Elementary School. Kanata Standard, April 3, 1981:1.
April 3, 1981
Douglas Wiseman, Minister of Government Services, announced that a $1,185 contract had been awarded to M. J. Lafortune Construction Ltd. of Ottawa for the construction of the Ontario Provincial Police detachment building in Kanata. Kanata Standard, April 3, 1981:3.
April 3, 1981
Mayor Marianne Wilkinson mentioned in her Commentary that the City of Kanata had received an Interim Report on the study of the City's recreation facilities. Kanata Standard, April 3, 1981:6.
April 4, 1981
St. Isidore's Parish sponsored a Pub Night at the Parish Hall, South March, featuring Dominic D'Arcy. Kanata Standard, April 3, 1981:10.
April 4-5, 1981
The Kanata Theatre presented "The Silver Whistle" by Patrick B Mace, directed by Eileen Morand. Kanata Standard, March 6, 1981:17.
April 5, 1981
Bill Sawchuck gave a talk about Telidon, "one of the newest communication devices," at the Mlacak Centre. Kanata Standard, April 3, 1981:7.
April 5, 1981
A ceremony was held at Ridgemont High School for the Girl Guides of Canada, during which Canada Cords were presented to: Stacey McKay, Alicia Bennett, and Carol McLean. Kanata Standard, April 16, 1981:11.
April 5 - 11, 1981
Proclaimed Air Cadet Week in the City of Kanata by Mayor Marianne Wilkinson. Kanata Standard, April 3, 1981:13.
April 6, 1981
The new executive was elected for the Kanata Ladies Bowling League: President--Ann Harris, Vice-President--Margo MacLaurin, Secretary--Faye Larwill, Treasurer--Shelley O'Dell. Kanata Standard, April 16, 1981:16.
April 8, 1981
Akela John van Abbema, of the Panther Club Pack, arranged for the Ontario Provincial Police to bring their Dog Patrol team to Roger St. Denis school. Kanata Standard, April 3, 1981:11.
April 8, 1981
The operating budget of the City of Kanata for 1981 was presented to the public. Kanata Standard, April 16, 1981:4.
April 8, 1981
The Carleton Board of Education and the Teachers' Federation of Carleton attended a signing ceremony where they ratified a new Collective Agreement for elementary school teachers. Kanata Standard, April 16, 1981:8.
April 8, 1981
The new executive for the March Kanata Skating Club was elected: President and Pro Liaison--Keith Hooey, Vice-President and Sectionals Chairman--Donna Lund, Secretary--Diana Callahan, Treasurer--Paul Richardson. Kanata Standard, May 15, 1981:20.
April 9, 1981
The new executive for the Glen Cairn Figure Skating Club was elected: President--Joan Dowling, Vice-President--Donna Sparling, Treasurer--Rheal Dorie, Secretary--Marilyn Holden. Kanata Standard, May 15, 1981:20.
April 9, 1981
The first meeting was held of those interested in forming a Kanata band. Kanata Standard, April 16, 1981:5.
April 11, 1981
The Kanata Scouting Troop held their 3rd Annual Scout Bike Exchange at Earl of March High School. Kanata Standard, April 3, 1981:11.
April 11, 1981
The Kanata Kids Association held its election: President--Alex Munter (acclamation), Vice-President--Laura Kyswaty, Secretary-Treasurer--Helen Reeve, Kids Rep--Richard Munter. Kanata Standard, April 16, 1981:15.
April 14, 1981
The Family Enrichment Association invited parents and children between the ages of 8 and 12 to attend a film and discussion period dealing with peer pressure. Kanata Standard, April 3, 1981:7.
April 16, 1981
Norpak Ltd., a fast-growing manufacturer of electronic display processing equipment, that was involved in the heralded Telidon programme, was to be one of the first occupants of the South Business Park in Katimavik. Kanata Standard, April 16, 1981:1.
April 16, 1981
Mayor Marianne Wilkinson mentioned in her Commentary that there had been two serious incidents with B-B-Guns and Air Guns -- one where a car window was shattered by a pellet and a second where two children were hit by air pellets in the back. The mayor's comments served as a reminder that Kanata by-laws prohibit the discharge of any firearm within the entire southern half of the city. Kanata Standard, April 16, 1981:2.
April 16, 1981
A.Y. Jackson Secondary School in Kanata announced that it would introduce a semester system in the fall as well as an adult day programme. Kanata Standard, April 16, 1981:13.
April 16, 1981
The Kanata Standard noted that Stephen Dyment, a grade 8 student at Stephen Leacock Public School, had represented the Kanata area in the semi-finals of the Carleton Board of Education's English Public Speaking Contest in March. Kanata Standard, April 16, 1981:7.
April 16, 1981
The Kanata Standard announced that Matthew Beddoes, a grade 7 student at Stephen Leacock School was successful in an audition held at the National Arts Centre for parts in the opera "Midsummer Nights Dream" by Benjamin Britten. Kanata Standard, April 16, 1981:11.
April 21, 1981
The First Unitarian Church held an art show featuring the works of Ohyllis Ross, oils, and Roy Cottee, water colours. Kanata Standard, April 16, 1981:18.
April 21, 1981
A deputation of 15 residents, led by Glen Cairn Ball Association Graham Ball and Scheduling Manager Tom Flood, presented a case to Kanata City Council against the proposed maintenance costs charged by Council. Kanata Standard, May 1, 1981:2.
April 21, 1981
A deputation of Casgrain Court residents, led by Jerry Bellamo, presented residents' concerns over noise that might result from the changed use of the Kanata Esso site. The Planning Board had previously passed a motion to allow Kanata Esso to add a truck rental area to its existing site. Kanata Standard, May 1, 1981:2.
April 23, 1981
In honour of April being Cancer Month, the Canadian Cancer Society offered two free Breast Self-Examination Clinics in the Ottawa area. Kanata Standard, April 16, 1981:19.
April 25, 1981
The March Montessori School held its third annual baby clothing and equipment sale in the Beaverbrook Mall. Kanata Standard, April 16, 1981:12.
April 25, 1981
A Spring Dance was held in the foyer of Earl of March Secondary School, sponsored by the school's music department. Kanata Standard, April 3, 1981:11.
April 25, 1981
The Kanata Ladies' Bowling League held their Annual Banquet and Presentations at the RA Centre. The top honour of League Winner was achieved by Team No 11: Captain Lois Smit, Janet MacLennan, Anne Schryburt, and Beth Woodburn. Kanata Standard, May 1, 1981:15.
April 25, 1981
The 2nd Annual Toothbrush Swap was held at Hazeldean Mall. Kanata Standard, May 15, 1981:13.
April 28, 1981
The Regional Municipality of Ottawa-Carleton's Planning Board heard from residents regarding Campeau Corporation's application to amend the Regional Official Plan in the Lakeside area of Kanata. Kanata Standard, May 1, 1981:1.
April 28, 1981
In a Committee-of-the-whole meeting, the Kanata City Council heard from Sandra Reain concerning the desire of residents for an indoor pool in Kanata. Kanata Standard, May 1, 1981:1.
April 28, 1981
Council discussed the renovation of the Old Town Hall in South March. Following a request by the South March Women's Institute in 1980, Council had passed a resolution to determine the soundness of the structure. Having found the structure sound, Mayor Marianne Wilkinson pointed out the possibility of having it designated as a Heritage building. Kanata Standard, May 1, 1981:6.
April 28, 1981
There was discussion at the Kanata City Council meeting about an application understood to be in the works for a four-theatre cinema with a total seating capacity of 600 seats. Kanata Standard, May 1, 1981:4.
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The BBC believes most people will have read only 6 of the 100 books listed here.
1 Pride and Prejudice - Jane Austen*
2 The Lord of the Rings - JRR Tolkien*
3 Jane Eyre - Charlotte Bronte*
4 Harry Potter series - JK Rowling *
5 To Kill a Mockingbird - Harper Lee*
6 The Bible
7 Wuthering Heights - Emily Bronte*
8 Nineteen Eighty Four - George Orwell
9 His Dark Materials - Philip Pullman
10 Great Expectations - Charles Dickens *
11 Little Women - Louisa M Alcott
12 Tess of the D’Urbervilles - Thomas Hardy*
13 Catch 22 - Joseph Heller
14 Complete Works of Shakespeare
15 Rebecca - Daphne Du Maurier *
16 The Hobbit - JRR Tolkien*
17 Birdsong - Sebastian Faulk
18 Catcher in the Rye - JD Salinger
19 The Time Traveler’s Wife - Audrey Niffenegger
20 Middlemarch - George Eliot
21 Gone With The Wind - Margaret Mitchell
22 The Great Gatsby - F Scott Fitzgerald
24 War and Peace - Leo Tolstoy
25 The Hitch Hiker’s Guide to the Galaxy - Douglas Adams
27 Crime and Punishment - Fyodor Dostoyevsky
28 Grapes of Wrath - John Steinbeck
29 Alice in Wonderland - Lewis Carroll *
30 The Wind in the Willows - Kenneth Grahame*
31 Anna Karenina - Leo Tolstoy
32 David Copperfield - Charles Dickens
33 Chronicles of Narnia - CS Lewis*
34 Emma -Jane Austen*
35 Persuasion - Jane Austen
36 The Lion, The Witch and the Wardrobe - CS Lewis*
37 The Kite Runner - Khaled Hosseini
38 Captain Corelli’s Mandolin - Louis De Bernieres
39 Memoirs of a Geisha - Arthur Golden
40 Winnie the Pooh - A.A. Milne
41 Animal Farm - George Orwell
42 The Da Vinci Code - Dan Brown *
43 One Hundred Years of Solitude - Gabriel Garcia Marquez
44 A Prayer for Owen Meaney - John Irving
45 The Woman in White - Wilkie Collins
46 Anne of Green Gables - LM Montgomery
47 Far From The Madding Crowd - Thomas Hardy
48 The Handmaid’s Tale - Margaret Atwood
49 Lord of the Flies - William Golding
50 Atonement - Ian McEwan
51 Life of Pi - Yann Martel
52 Dune - Frank Herbert
53 Cold Comfort Farm - Stella Gibbons
54 Sense and Sensibility - Jane Austen
55 A Suitable Boy - Vikram Seth
56 The Shadow of the Wind - Carlos Ruiz Zafon
57 A Tale Of Two Cities - Charles Dickens
58 Brave New World - Aldous Huxley
59 The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-time - Mark Haddon
60 Love In The Time Of Cholera - Gabriel Garcia Marquez
61 Of Mice and Men - John Steinbeck
62 Lolita - Vladimir Nabokov
63 The Secret History - Donna Tartt
64 The Lovely Bones - Alice Sebold
65 Count of Monte Cristo - Alexandre Dumas
66 On The Road - Jack Kerouac
67 Jude the Obscure - Thomas Hardy
68 Bridget Jones’s Diary - Helen Fielding
69 Midnight’s Children - Salman Rushdie
70 Moby Dick - Herman Melville *
71 Oliver Twist - Charles Dickens*
72 Dracula - Bram Stoker*
73 The Secret Garden - Frances Hodgson Burnett *
74 Notes From A Small Island - Bill Bryson
75 Ulysses - James Joyce
76 The Inferno - Dante
77 Swallows and Amazons - Arthur Ransome
78 Germinal - Emile Zola
79 Vanity Fair - William Makepeace Thackeray
80 Possession - AS Byatt
81 A Christmas Carol - Charles Dickens*
82 Cloud Atlas - David Mitchell
83 The Color Purple - Alice Walker
84 The Remains of the Day - Kazuo Ishiguro
85 Madame Bovary - Gustave Flaubert
86 A Fine Balance - Rohinton Mistry
87 Charlotte’s Web - E.B. White*
88 The Five People You Meet In Heaven - Mitch Albom
89 Adventures of Sherlock Holmes - Sir Arthur Conan Doyle *
90 The Faraway Tree Collection - Enid Blyton*
91 Heart of Darkness - Joseph Conrad
92 The Little Prince - Antoine De Saint-Exupery
93 The Wasp Factory - Iain Banks
94 Watership Down - Richard Adams*
95 A Confederacy of Dunces - John Kennedy Toole
96 A Town Like Alice - Nevil Shute
97 The Three Musketeers - Alexandre Dumas
98 Hamlet - William Shakespeare *
99 Charlie and the Chocolate Factory - Roald Dahl*
100 Les Miserables - Victor Hugo
COPY AND PASTE. STAR the ones you have read.
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1979
January 5, 1979
It was reported that the 1st Annual Bill McNeill Memorial Hockey Tournament was a big success. Over 600 players took part in the event. Kanata Standard, January 5, 1979:1.
January 5, 1979
Marianne Wilkinson, in her Commentary, announced that Kanata City Council had passed a resolution officially designating the names of the five existing communities in the City of Kanata. They were Bridlewood, Glen Cairn, Katimavik/Hazeldean, Beaverbrook, and March. Kanata Standard, January 5, 1979:1.
January 5, 1979
It was reported that the Kinette Club had donated a cart to a Glen Cairn family who had a young boy in a body cast. Robbie Boileau was due to be in the body cast another three weeks. Kanata Standard, January 5, 1979:2.
January 5, 1979
The newly formed Kanata Ski Club membership exceeded 100 families and a number of singles. Kanata Standard, January 5, 1979:3.
January 10, 1979
The first meeting of the Kanata Beaverbrook Community Association in 1979 was held. Approximately 30 residents attended. Newton Steacy stated: “The caliber of the executive and the new cluster directors is impressive.” The business of the meeting included a strongly supported motion to deliver the Standard to Glen Cairn for a four-month period. It was seen that this would allow time for the editorial board to urge Glen Cairn residents to submit articles and participate in the publication of a “community-owned” newspaper. Kanata Standard, January 16, 1979:2,6.
January 13, 1979
The Kanata Theatre presented “Everything in the Garden” to a large audience. Kanata Standard, January 19, 1979:15.
January 16, 1979
Kanata City Council decided to hold the first meeting of each month in different communities with the City of Kanata. Kanata Standard, January 19, 1979:1.
January 16, 1979
A debate continued in Kanata City Council over the appointment of an alderman to serve as Acting Mayor in the possible absence of Mayor Wilkinson. Alderman Rogers and Kingham were both nominated. The issue was resolved when Alderman Kingham withdrew from the contest, leaving Charles Rogers as Acting Mayor. Kanata Standard, January 19, 1979:1.
January 16, 1979
Kanata City Council discussed the Commissioners’ Report and decided to establish a Transportation Advisory Committee composed of a representative from each ward. Council agreed to the appointments of those representatives where only one name had been put forward. The balance was to be dealt with at the next meeting. Kanata Standard, January 19, 1979:1.
January 16, 1979
Kanata City Council agreed to hire a consultant to carry out a management study of the City of Kanata. Its purpose was to assist the municipality in detailing the numbers of employees required for 1979. Kanata Standard, January 19, 1979:6.
January 19, 1979
In a Standard feature article, Alan Seward reported that planning for a library branch in Glen Cairn was well under way. A temporary library was put in place for the time being. Kanata Standard, January 19, 1979:1.
January 19, 1979
Marianne Wilkinson, in her Commentary, announced that the Logo for the City of Kanata Contest would end on January 31. Kanata Standard, January 5, 1979:1.
January 19, 1979
The municipalities and hydro commissions in the Regional Municipality of Ottawa-Carleton agreed to carry out a Restructuring Study on their hydro service. Kanata Standard, January 19, 1979:6.
January 19, 1979
Dogbone Park family skating rink opened for its first season. Kanata Standard, January 19, 1979:6.
January 19, 1979
The March Sailing Club held a successful Annual General Meeting. New Directors were Harry Holdsworth, Gerry Holt, John Perry, Gary Caple, Harry Adderly, Keith Hooey, and Robert Wilkinson. Kanata Standard, January 19, 1979:11.
January 20, 1979
The Kanata Singles held a very successful dance, with more than 100 members and guests attending. Kanata Standard, February 2, 1979:5.
January 28, 1979
Tow truck drivers at Gallagher’s Garage were awakened by two nearby wolves. One of the wolves was shot and the other disappeared. Kanata Standard, February 2, 1979:1.
January 29, 1979
At a joint meeting of the March and Glen Cairn Soccer Clubs was held. Both clubs were both dissolved to form a new Kanata City Soccer Club. The Board of Directors and Executive for the newly formed club were Allan Wilson, Sid Johnson, Jim Burrows, Bart Jones, John Brunette, John Dowell, Barry Felstead, Norbett Hendrycks, Lloyd Mason, John Rahim, Keith Richardson, Norbett Riester, Phil Shea, and Alan Waltho. Kanata Standard, January 19, 1979:8; Kanata Standard, February 2, 1979:16.
January 31, 1979
Kanata City Council decided that a consulting engineering firm would be used to investigate structural problems in the Glen Cairn Community Centre. There had been crumbling walls in the building. Alderman Lund was upset that this could happen, and expressed the need to find the cause of the damage. Kanata Standard, February 2, 1979:2.
February 2, 1979
Stephanie Paul reported that progress on the Town Centre may be slowed due to a lack of a major retail tenant for the first portion of the development. Many recognized the importance of the construction of the centre, due the unique history of Kanata and the fact that it had grown “from the outside in,” and as a result had no real centre. Kanata Standard, February 2, 1979:1
February 2, 1979
The editors of the Kanata Standard announced that a new system of sub-editors was created to make the paper better and to “spread the activities of the paper to more helpers.” Kanata Standard, February 2, 1979:2.
February 2, 1979
Al Craig wrote an article for the Standard on SS No. 1, March Public School. Kanata Standard, February 2, 1979:2.
February 2, 1979
The results of two months of polling by the Glen Cairn Community Association executive indicated that a majority of the residents of Glen Cairn rejected the Kanata Standard. At the time, the Standard was a publication of the Kanata Beaverbrook Community Association. Kanata Standard, February 2, 1979:10.
February 2, 1979
Events and activities for the City of Kanata Winter Carnival 1979 were published in the Standard. Kanata Standard, February 2, 1979:20.
February 2, 1979
Doug Foster reported that the Winter Carnival ‘79 Duchess would be Marilyn Foster. Kanata Standard, February 16, 1979:3.
February 5, 1979
The first meeting of the City of Kanata Transportation Committee was held. It was primarily an advisory committee. A number of concerns that needed to be taken up with OC Transpo staff were discussed. Kanata Standard, February 2, 1979:1.
February 6, 1979
An open Kanata City Council meeting was held in Glen Cairn. A number of concerns were brought to Council’s attention, including snow removal and garbage collection. Stephanie Paul reported that the Council meeting was well attended and “the exchange between council members and the audience was lively.” Kanata Standard, February 16, 1979:2,5,6.
February 7, 1979
James Gillies, noted economist and MP for Don Valley, spoke at a public meeting at the John Mlacak Centre. Kanata Standard, February 2, 1979:9.
February 16, 1979
Newton Steacy, in his KBCA President Report, stated the association’s intent to expand the distribution of the Standard. Each community association had expressed an interest in this except for the Glen Cairn executive. Their sentiment was based on the results of a recent survey done in that community. Steacy claimed that “the Glen Cairn executive was quick to support the negative vote” when the results indicated otherwise. Kanata Standard, February 16, 1979:3.
February 16, 1979
Garry Thom reported on housing in Glen Cairn. Thom pointed out that building by the two major developers in the area, Costain and Sandbury, was leveling off. Kanata Standard, February 16, 1979:5.
February 16, 1979
It was announced by the Canadian Housing Design Council that a Community Design Award go to the early stages of Kanata, as the area was known prior the formation of the City of Kanata. It was awarded jointly to the City of Kanata and Campeau Corporation. While giving out the award, Jean Ouellet stated: “The early development of Kanata resulted from the vision and enterprise of William Teron. The continued growth of the town in more recent years is a great credit to the planning and design concepts which he introduced, as well as to the municipality (the Township of March) and to the Campeau Corporation, the present owner and developer.” Kanata Standard, February 16, 1979:11.
February 16, 1979
Kanata’s Mitel Corporation announced the appointment of Burns Fry Limited as its fiscal agents to underwrite the first issue of Mitel stock to the pubic. Kanata Standard, February 16, 1979:14.
February 16, 1979
The National Capital Equestrian Park held its Annual General Meeting. Over 70 people attended. A new Executive and Board of Directors was elected and an auditor’s statement presented. Kanata Standard, March 2, 1979:6.
February 17, 1979
The newly completed People Place recreation project officially opened. The John G. Mlacak Centre combined completion of the existing arena and the provision of new space for a variety of recreational pursuits. The project began in the spring of 1978. Kanata Standard, February 16, 1979:9.
February 20, 1979
Kanata City Council called for the provincial Minister of Revenue to reassess the value of all properties within the City of Kanata. Kanata Standard, March 2, 1979:1,4.
February 22, 1979
Earl of March boys’ and girls’ teams were overall winners in cross-country skiing in the Provincial Championships after two days of competition. Among those placing were Bernie Saneer, Dave Bennett, Carolyn Champion Venessa Daniel, Peter Eiselle, Jenny Labenek, Nancy Labenek, Scott Laughton, Anne McTaggart, Bill Mlacak, Rob Parsons, and Bernie Sander. Kanata Standard, March 2, 1979:12.
February 26, 1979
The Kanata Transportation Committee met with OC Transpo staff to exchange information and views related to some outstanding actions and key concerns of the Committee and local residents. Kanata Standard, March 2, 1979:2.
March 1, 1979
The Kanata Book Fair was opened by Mayor Marianne Wilkinson, Trustee J. D. Lyon, and Robin Skuce from the office of the Commissioner of Official Languages. As of February 20th, 18,498 used books had been collected. A larger than expected crowd turned up for the opening of the event. Kanata Standard, March 2, 1979:1; Kanata Standard, March 16, 1979:14.
March 2, 1979
A feature article appeared in the Standard discussing the need for a new school for Katimavik-Hazeldean. Kanata Standard, March 2, 1979:1,5.
March 2, 1979
The winners of the Kanata City Logo Contest were published in the Standard. First prize went to a joint submission by Wendy, Ian, Shaun and Mary Lou Kingham from Beaverbrook. Moderate changes in color were made to the logo, to then be used on all City vehicles, letterhead, etc. Kanata Standard, March 2, 1979:2.
March 2, 1979
Maurice Dubras began a series of articles appearing in the Standard on city matters discussed in City Council meetings. It was titled “Council in Action: Inside From the Outside”. Dubras reported this first Council meeting as a “quick and quiet affair.” Kanata Standard, March 2, 1979:1.
March 2, 1979
The results of the Kanata Winter Carnival 1979 were published in the Standard. Kanata Standard, March 2, 1979:13-15.
March 6, 1979
Kanata City Council held one of their “mobile meetings” in rural Kanata. Kanata Standard, March 2, 1979:1.
March 7, 1979
The Katimavik Beaverbrook Community Association held its Annual General meeting, combined with the regular monthly meeting. Twenty-seven cluster directors and 6 guests attended. The meeting focused on the management of 1978's money and budgeting for 1979. Kanata Standard, March 16, 1979:2,5.
March 13, 1979
Kanata City Council recommended that a fire station be built on the March Central School site to serve the rural areas of the City. The project, still needing ratification, was budgeted at $201,000. Kanata Fire Chief Jim Snider appeared at the meeting, to help make the case for the new station. Standard, March 30, 1979:2,5.
March 16, 1979
Marilyn Foster wrote a feature on a new Katimavik Co-operative Nursery School in Kanata. Kanata Standard, March 16, 1979:1.
March 16, 1979
It was announced that Kanata Scouts, Joe Nyenhuis and Alex Guruprasad, hoped to attend a mini-jamboree in Sweden. Fundraising events were planned. Kanata Standard, March 16, 1979:7.
March 16, 1979
Garry Thom reported in the Standard that Iber Homes intended to erect 31 single dwelling and 3 doubles at the corner of Highway 7 and Seabrooke Drive in Glen Cairn. Thom stated that this was “contrary to the Report on Housing Construction” that appeared in the previous issue of the Standard. Kanata Standard, March 16, 1979:16.
March 16, 1979
Al Craig wrote an historical piece in the Standard on the Hazeldean Rural Telephone Company. Kanata Standard, March 16, 1979:19.
March 25, 1979
Dunrobin resident Robert Conye’s car was vandalized after he left it on along the side of Highway 17 due to mechanical difficulties. All the windows were smashed, the body dented, and the contents looted, to the point were it was expected that the car would be a write-off. Kanata Standard, March 30, 1979:1.
March 25, 1979
Kim Woolford saved 5-year-old Trevor MacLean from near-drowning in Bluegrass Park. Trevor had slipped into the water when some ice gave way. Standard, March 30, 1979:1.
March 29, 1979
The Regional Planning Committee held a final series of hearings on the Conservation Lands Proposal, as revised by the Planning Committee. Kanata Standard, March 16, 1979:4.
March 30, 1979
Alderman Bob Kingham wrote, in his As I See It column, that Cadillac-Fairview was “exploiting the real issue” when they petitioned the Cabinet of Ontario to reverse an OMB decision that rejected their “energy conserving” community development proposal. A Standard editorial added: “This project is in the wrong place and at the wrong time. When Kanata has 93,000 population, a risk of this sort could perhaps be considered, certainly not now.” Subsequently, Kanata City Council gave its support for the project and the petition to the provincial government, though by a narrow vote of 4-3. Standard, March 30, 1979:1,2,4.
April 9, 1979
Kanata City Council approved the construction of a fire station in the rural part of the municipality, to be funded by money authorized by the former Township of March. Kanata Standard, April 12, 1979:14.
April 9, 1979
The Kanata Public Library opened a temporary facility in Glen Cairn, next to the Glen Cairn Arena. Kanata Standard, June 22, 1979:1.
April 10, 1979
The 1979 budget of $33,666,852 for the Carleton Separate School Board was approved. As William Broadfoot reported, this amount allowed for an expenditure up to the ceiling set by the Ministry of Education of $1409 per pupil. Difficult decisions were made during the budgetary process, however the Board managed to budget to maintain the current pupil-teacher ratio and the same quality of programs. Kanata Standard, April 27:9.
April 12, 1979
It was reported that Wayne Hutt, Manager of Thermocell Insulation, and Dan Ciona, Administrator for the City of Kanata, had met to discuss some of the difficulties with paper collection. The amount of paper collection had greatly exceeded the previous year, to the point where Thermocell’s collection ability was overloaded. Kanata Standard, April 12, 1979:1
April 12, 1979
Federal Conservative MP Paul Dick announced his candidacy for Lanark-Renfrew-Carleton. Dick was first elected in 1972. Kanata Standard, April 12, 1979:14.
April 12, 1979
The new Executive for Kanata Ladies Bowling was announced. It included Erm Boyd, Mich Gardner, Wafa Abov, Carol Redmond, Alana Schyburt, and Mina Blovin. Kanata Standard, April 12, 1979:15.
April 12, 1979
It was reported that Newton Steacy spoke to KBCA about the incorporation of the Kanata Standard, and expressed that it would be postponed because it was a very complicated task to be attempted at the time. Kanata Standard, April 12, 1979:1 Kanata Standard, April 12, 1979:6.
April 18, 1979
The March Sailing Club held its General Meeting. Members voted to make amendments to the constitution and change their name to the Kanata Sailing Club. Kanata Standard, April 27:16.
April 19, 1979
Students and staff at Earl of March School opened their production of “Swinging High.” Ron Andoff stated that they did a “bang up job” on the musical. Kanata Standard, April 12, 1979:1; Kanata Standard, April 27:1.
April 19, 1979
It was reported that after a successful campaign the Standard would be delivered in Glen Cairn to subscribers only. This marked a departure from the Standard’s concept of delivery to every household, which was the result of the Glen Cairn Community Association’s decision not to support a citywide distribution of the Standard. Kanata Standard, April 27:1.
April 26, 1979
A presentation by the Canadian Design Council honoured both the developers and residents of the community. Kanata had previously impressed a jury traveling across Canada visiting towns, city neighborhoods and prestigious areas of suburbia. Sharon Clayton stated that Kanata “impressed the judges with its landscaping, especially the rock outcroppings that have been used to dramatic advantages.” Three plaques were presented, one to Mayor Wilkinson, another to Ratan Rege of Campeau Corporation, and the third to William Teron, who was the driving force behind the creation of Kanata. Marianne Wilkinson later stated in her Commentary: “The award was not based solely on physical design of the community, but also on the evident interest of the residents and the active involvement between the residents and the municipal government in creating and maintaining the community design concepts.” Kanata Standard, May 11, 1979:1,2.
April 26, 1979
The Nepean Arts Association held its inaugural meeting. Its objectives included fostering public awareness of the visual and performing arts, encouraging co-operation among artistic groups, promoting future developments, facilities, and programs for artistic activities, and serving as a liaison with regional, provincial and national arts bodies. Kanata Standard, October 12, 1979:18.
April 27, 1979
Through an editorial in the Standard, the need for a pedestrian overpass to bridge the Queensway was questioned. Kanata City Council had previously promoted the construction of the bridge. In a letter to the Editor, Ihor Nakonecznyj also questioned the logic supporting the overpass, and concluded that more questions needed to be dealt with before spending over half a million dollars and “satisfying a need which may turn out to be a political illusion.” Kanata Standard, April 27:2.
April 27, 1979
Tony Jarvis introduced his new column for the Standard, The Kanata Industrial Scene. His goal was to increase the media coverage of the industrial sector. Kanata Standard, April 27:6.
April 27, 1979
It was reported that Operation Identification was underway in Glen Cairn. Engravers were making their rounds of homes to put identifying marks on valuable items. Kanata Standard, April 27:11,14.
April 27, 1979
A candidate profile for Paul Dick, PC MP for Lanark-Renfrew-Carleton, appeared in the Kanata Standard. Dick stated: “We must get Canada going again.” Kanata Standard, April 27:13.
April 27, 1979
The new executive for the South March Women’s Institute, the result of an Annual General Meeting, was published in the Standard. It included Brenda Turner, Donna Cummings, June Denys, Nicole Butler, Mary Noble, Nancy Medynski, Shirley Yakabuski, Myrt Nugent, Katie Vance, Angela Tucker, Ann Ward, and Joyce Arrowsmith. Kanata Standard, April 27:14.
April 27, 1979
Walter Baker, PC candidate in the riding of Nepean-Carleton, had an article published in the Standard. Baker stated that “Pierre Trudeau’s monuments clutter the landscape; low morale in the Public Service; a language policy intended to unite but which has in fact divided; young people worried about their futures; a tax system that burdens small business and drains incentive; a country that thinks more in terms of its parts than the sum of its parts — all of this created by a ‘leadership’ which is more style than substance.” Kanata Standard, April 27:18.
April 27, 1979
An article appeared in the Standard featuring Pat Carroll, former March Township Councillor and principal of AY Jackson Secondary School in Kanata, as the Liberal candidate for the riding of Lanark-Renfrew-Carleton. Carroll had been living and involved in Kanata since 1972. Carroll stated that Canada is not on the “brink of disaster,” and that the country had done well in the past decade in comparison with other OECD countries. Kanata Standard, April 27:21.
May 1, 1979
It was the official opening of the Katimavik Hazeldean Community Centre, concurrent with the first Kanata City Council meeting in that community. Murray Duke, Chairman of the Katimavik Hazeldean School Task Force, reviewed the findings and recommendations of the report to Council. Maurice Dubras stated in his Council In Action column: “The level of support Council gives to the Task Force findings will be critical when it comes to persuading the School Board to revise its construction schedule. There appeared to be very little doubt in the minds of those residents present or represented that a community school is very high on their priority list.” Kanata Standard, May 11, 1979:1,22.
May 11, 1979
It was reported that there were over 325 paid subscribers of the Kanata Standard in Glen Cairn. Gaining subscriptions in the area became a necessary move due to the lack of support for the Standard from the Glen Cairn Community Association. Kanata Standard, May 11, 1979:2.
May 11, 1979
A Standard editorial stated that not much was learned at a recent All Candidates Meeting and stated: “Paul Dick, the PC man attacked the Prime Minister, the Liberal hopeful, Pat Carroll attacked the Leader of the Opposition and Colin Gilhuly from the NDP spoke of the rosy future that we could have under that party, if by some miracle , they could form a Government.” Kanata Standard, May 11, 1979:2.
May 11, 1979
Carol Dougherty wrote an article on John Cabotto, a Kanata restaurant operated by Dominique and Angleo. She raved that they “set about to determine the gastronomical needs of the community and in my opinion have succeeded in meeting those needs.” Kanata Standard, May 11, 1979:9.
May 11, 1979
In his regular column, The Kanata Industrial Scene, Tony Jarvis featured Digital Equipment of Canada Ltd. Company president, Denny Doyle, commented on the decision to locate in Kanata that the protection of jobs for employees living in the area was a primary concern. Doyle stressed the high community involvement of the firm. Kanata Standard, May 11, 1979:10.
May 15, 1979
The Annual Meeting of the March Hockey Association was held at the Bill McNeill Memorial Hall. Kanata Standard, May 11, 1979:15.
May 20, 1979
The interior of the home of Joan Geeck on Jackson Court was damaged by a fire. The house was owned by Cathy Boyden. There was in excess of $10,000 damage to the house; the household pets, a Highland Terrier and several gerbils, were lost in the fire. Kanata Standard, May 25, 1979:1.
May 21, 1979
Mayfair 1979 and its various events began. The Rural area of Kanata won the annual Mayfair Lob-Ball Tournament. It was also the 14th Annual Dance and Casino. Over 400 people attended the dance May 26. Kanata Standard, May 11, 1979:12-13; Kanata Standard, June 8, 1979:6,7
May 22, 1979
In the federal election, Paul Dick was re-elected as MP in Lanark-Renfrew-Carleton and Walter Baker was re-elected MP in Nepean-Carleton.
May 25, 1979
Glen Cairn resident Jennifer Anne Waugh won the Jean Phillips, Campership to Camp Bitobi award. The camp, in Gracefield Quebec, was for explorers and other young girls looking for summer fun in a religious atmosphere. Kanata Standard, May 25, 1979:3.
May 28, 1979
Stephen Leacock School grade six students said their good-byes to Quebec exchange students on their return to Kanata. The exchange was part of an immersion program initially proposed by Principal Robert Bullock. Kanata Standard, June 8, 1979:1.
May 29, 1979
A public forum on Declining Enrolment and The Community was held to discuss reduced education funding by the Ontario government and enrolment issues. Kanata Standard, May 25, 1979:14.
May 29, 1979
The Annual General Meeting of the Local Association of Kanata Guides and Brownies was held. The new executive included H. Bennett, Sandra Plumley, P. Williams, J. Arrowsmith, J. Higgins, S. Lewis, V. Guy, O. Froud, R. Hooey, P. Gale, D. Lougheed, N. Mackay, J. Williams, V. Westmore, Y. Ludlow, B. Thamer, and P. Conacher. Kanata Standard, June 8, 1979:4.
June 4, 1979
Changes occurred to the No.73 bus schedule. The changes, approved by the Kanata Transportation Committee, also eliminated the No. 70, and extended the No. 46 route to Bridlewood. Kanata Standard, May 25, 1979:1,3.
June 5, 1979
Kanata City Council approved its 1979 budget. Expenditures were estimated at $3,208,074. The mill rate remained the same as it had been for March Township the previous year. Bridlewood mill rates decreased 40 percent. Glen Cairn Community experienced roughly a 12 percent decrease. Marianne Wilkinson later commented that the 1979 budget “should keep the City in a healthy financial state.” Kanata Standard, June 8, 1979:1,12.
June 8, 1979
In his column The Kanata Industrial Scene, Tony Jarvis featured Lumonics Research Ltd. Jarvis reported that since the inception of the laser firm in 1970, Lumonics had grown at a rate better than 50 percent annually, “developing a wide range of laser products for both scientific and industrial applications.” Kanata Standard, June 8, 1979:2.
June 8, 1979
The results of the Mayfair pet show were published in the Standard. Winners of the four main categories were Kirk Brant's tarantula, Alison Bill's cat Tiger, Rob Holt's spoodle Muffin, and Brenda Bedford's keeshound Dusty. Kanata Standard, June 8, 1979:5.
June 9, 1979
The Kanata Ballet School presented their bi-annual recital. Sharon Clayton, in a review of performance, stated that she was “impressed with the professional atmosphere on the stage, and behind the scenes.” Kanata Standard, June 22, 1979:9.
June 11, 1979
A new executive was selected at a Glen Cairn Community Association meeting. It included Colin Gillieson, Leon Asselstine, Barry Martin, Graham Ball, Joe Ryan, and Cathy Ireland. Kanata Standard, June 22, 1979:3.
June 13, 1979
A book-publishing celebration at a Katimavik home was held. Louise Reynolds, with the assistance of her husband Ralph, researched and wrote Agnes, the Biography of Lady Macdonald. Kanata Standard, June 22, 1979:9.
June 16, 1979
There was an official opening of the Glen Cairn Flood Control Works. Mayor Marianne Wilkinson and Councilors Charlie Rogers, and Bob Kingham attended. The Carp River, which had flooded the Glen Cairn area since the 1970's, was to be detained in a reservoir and released at a slow rate. Kanata Standard, June 22, 1979:1.
June 19, 1979
Final approval was given by Kanata City Council for the pedestrian overpass to bridge the Queensway. Kanata Standard, June 22, 1979:1.
June 19, 1979
Kanata City Council gave preliminary approval for the Hazeldean Centre, a shopping mall located on the northwest side of the intersection of Hwy. 7 and Young Road in Katimavik/Hazeldean. Kanata Standard, June 22, 1979:1.
June 19, 1979
Kanata City Council decided to adopt pay-as-you-go rates for the three Kanata pools. Kanata Standard, June 22, 1979:1.
June 19, 1979
The Town Centre Secondary Plan and the Rural Plan were both approved by Regional Council. There were only minor word changes to the Town Centre Plan, and development was expected to proceed on a limited basis later in the year. Kanata Standard, June 22, 1979:1,12.
June 25, 1979
Mayor Marianne Wilkinson was on hand to officially inaugurate the new Katimavik Pool. Kanata Standard, July 6, 1979:12.
July 3, 1979
Kanata Scouts Alex Guruprasad, Stephen Heard, Michael Nyenhuis, and Joe Nyenhuis began their travel to Denmark and Sweden, to attend an international camp in Sweden. Kanata Standard, July 20, 1979:20.
July 6, 1979
It was reported that the Ontario Municipal Board had approved Kanata’s request to debenture $200,000 towards the construction of the pedestrian bridge over the Queensway. The total cost was estimated at $438,000. Kanata Standard, July 6, 1979:1.
July 6, 1979
It was reported that the federal government had awarded a $30,000 contract to Mitel Corporation of Kanata to study silicon chip production for Telidon. Kanata Standard, July 6, 1979:11.
July 20, 1979
The Kanata Public Library Board announced that plans were underway for a new branch library in Kanata South. A sub-committee was struck for further investigation. Kanata Standard, July 20, 1979:2.
July 22, 1979
Two cars, driven by Bruce McLean and Steve Kominski, collided at the intersection of Teron and Beaverbrook Roads. There was extensive damage to both cars and only minor injury to a pedestrian. Kanata Standard, August 3, 1979:10.
July 28, 1979
Bridlewood held a birthday party to celebrate its second year of growth. Kanata Standard, July 20, 1979:7; Kanata Standard, August 3, 1979:1.
August 3, 1979
A proposed expansion for the March Montessori School was finalized. This was driven by a growing demand for Montessori education in the community. Kanata Standard, August 3, 1979:9.
August 8, 1979
As part of Project 4000, the first Vietnamese family arrived in Kanata. The Voong’s were set up in a house donated by Campeau Corporation for one year, including heat and hydro. Project 4000 had been previously launched by Ottawa Mayor Marion Dewer, who had also recommended that Kanata set up a committee to coordinate local efforts. Subsequently, a Co-ordinating Committee was struck. Kanata Standard, July 20, 1979:1,2; Kanata Standard, August 17, 1979:1.
August 14, 1979
Kanata City Council recommended that the Mayor’s annual salary would rise from $11,000 to $20,000 and the Aldermen’s from $4,500 to $6,500. It would come under final approval in September, 1979. Kanata Standard, August 17, 1979:1.
August 17, 1979
In a letter to the editor, Maurice Dubras and his family said their good-byes to Kanata. They stated: “We are about to embark on a very different life style in the knowledge that no other urban community could compare with Kanata. Kanata Standard, August 17, 1979:2.
August 28, 1979
Two Kanata youths, 17-year-old Douglas Conner and 16-year-old Chris Quinsey, were killed in an automobile accident. The incident took place on the Huntley Town Line Road, where the vehicle overturned into the Carp River. Kanata Standard, August 31, 1979:1.
August 31, 1979
It was reported that 17-year-old Kanata resident Lindsay Eltis had won an all-expense-paid trip to the Alberta oil sands. He had participated in the Canada-wide Science Fair in London Ontario, and was recognized as having the best environment-related project in the fair’s senior division. Kanata Standard, August 31, 1979:1.
August 31, 1979
Meetings between officials from the City of Kanata ad the Provincial Ministry of Culture and Recreation were held to discuss a proposed $12,000 recreation study for the City. It was to be completed by August, 1980. Kanata Standard, August 31, 1979:1.
September 8, 1979
A successful Glen Cairn Fun Fair was held. Kanata Standard, September 14, 1979:1.
September 12, 1979
Kanata City Council met in the Katimavik Community Centre, and asked residents for input on alterations to ward boundaries. Kanata Standard, September 14, 1979:1.
September 12, 1979
An extreme-noise by-law was proposed by Kanata City Council, which would prohibit many normal activities if they produced an audible sound. Only Alderman Bob Kingham objected. Activities prohibited at various hours or days would include racing the engine of a car, operating a lawn mower, operating a radio or hi-fi set, yelling, barking by a dog, ringing of Church bells, etc. Kanata Standard, September 14, 1979:1.
September 14, 1979
A Standard editorial emphasized that the newspaper, as a rather large community-owned operation, relied heavily on volunteers. The editors stated that recent editions had been lacking in “hard” news and investigative articles, due to their “cadre of volunteers” becoming “alarmingly small.” Kanata Standard, September 14, 1979:2.
September 14, 1979
The Interlangues School of Languages announced the opening of its West End School in Kanata. Kanata Standard, September 14, 1979:7.
September 14, 1979
It was reported that a group of residents, led by Alderman Jean Gubby, were pushing for a Committee to support the Ottawa Civic Hospital’s five year Development Plan. Kanata Standard, September 14, 1979:16.
September 16, 1979
A ceremonial sod-turning occurred at St. Paul’s Anglican Church to mark the beginning of construction of a new church hall. Kanata Standard, September 28, 1979:1.
September 16, 1979
A Kanata concert debut to begin the fall season was held at the Earl of March Auditorium. Kanata Standard, September 28, 1979:9.
September 22, 1979
The Kanata Singles began their fall season of dances. Kanata Standard, September 14, 1979:14.
September 28, 1979
In a Standard editorial, Isa Clayton criticized Council for spending valuable time on things like the recently proposed anti-noise by-law. Clayton stated: “As it stands Kanata has far too MANY restrictions” and that if Council “have nothing more constructive to do with OUR time, we employ them on a part-time basis.” Kanata Standard, September 28, 1979:2.
September 28, 1979
Bob Kingham stated in a Standard article that the noise by-law recently introduced by Kanata City Council had “evoked more public interest in our new city than any other single issue since the election.” He had received around 50 calls on the issue. Kanata Standard, September 28, 1979:1.
September 28, 1979
The City of Kanata and the Recreation Department opened a room in the John Mlacak Centre to be used as a Teen Centre. Kanata Standard, September 28, 1979:11.
September 29, 1979
The 7th Annual City of Kanata Oktoberfest was held. Kanata Standard, September 14, 1979:10-11.
October 3, 1979
The Kanata Beaverbrook Community Association held a General Meeting. It was reported as being a very “contentious” meeting, which eventually led to the adoption of a new constitution and set of by-laws. A motion was also passed to extend the term of the current Board of Directors and Executive to June 15, 1980. Kanata Standard, October 12, 1979:1.
October 9, 1979
In a Kanata City Council meeting, Mayor Wilkinson indicated that there may be potentially large increases in taxes. Kanata Standard, October 12, 1979:1.
October 12, 1979
The City of Kanata Auditor’s Report for 1979 was published in the Standard. Kanata Standard, September 28, 1979:12-13.
October 13, 1979
There was a musical performance by David Gailbraith and Friends. Fred Boyd reported that the presentation made for a “very enjoyable evening.” Kanata Standard, October 26, 1979:20.
October 15, 1979
A meeting was held to discuss the future of the Kanata Standard newspaper. Plans were put in place to ensure meeting growing needs and opportunities of the “enlarged” paper. Kanata Standard, October 26, 1979:1.
October 17, 1979
The Kanata Beaverbrook Community Association held its New Residents’ Night. Over 50 people attended. Kanata Standard, October 26, 1979:1.
October 17, 1979
Steinberg’s 9th and largest store was opened for business at Hazeldean Mall. Kanata Standard, October 26, 1979:5.
October 17, 1979
Towers Department Store opened in Hazeldean Mall. Kanata Standard, October 26, 1979:6.
October 18, 1979
The Stittsville and District Snowmobile Association held its Annual General Meeting. Kanata Standard, October 12, 1979:8.
October 20, 1979
The Kinsmen Club of West Carleton held their 1st Annual Lobster & Beef Night. Over 300 people attended the event.
October 24, 1979
The Kanata Theatre opened its season with Forty Carets. It was directed by Laurence Thornton and the cast included Marg Awthority, Murray Hayes, Rosie Keneford, Mary Mauger, Jennifer Jermyn, Paula Wilke, Liane Freedman, Bob Knight, Jim Ritchie, and Barrie Kirk. Kanata Standard, October 12, 1979:18.
October 26, 1979
A feature article in the Standard outlined events rendering a hydro utility possible in Kanata. Art Bowker was reported as stating that he was recommending that a hydro utility be established for the City, and that the final report would go to the Minister of Energy. Kanata Standard, October 26, 1979:1.
October 26, 1979
The Air Cadet League of Canada, in cooperation with the Kiwanis Club, announced their intent to form an Air Cadet Squadron in Kanata. Kanata Standard, October 26, 1979:11.
October 26, 1979
The New Amended Kanata Beaverbrook Community Association Constitution of October 3 was published in the Standard. Kanata Standard, October 26, 1979:14-15.
October 26, 1979
Regional Council held a Special Regional Council meeting to deal with the report on Environmental Lands, formerly called Conservation Lands for the Region. A provision was made to allow some use of plans of subdivision to permit both landowners and local municipalities to have a greater degree of flexibility in dealing with the use of environmental lands. Kanata Standard, October 26, 1979:18-19; Kanata Standard November 9, 1979:1,12; Kanata Standard, November 9, 1979:1,12.
October 26, 1979
Information on the new Kinsmen Participark was published in the Standard. Kanata Standard, October 26, 1979:21-3.
October 30, 1979
An official reception was held to celebrate the opening of Hazeldean Mall. Kanata Standard, November 9, 1979:10
November 6, 1979
The Carleton School Board Committee held a Whole Committee meeting to consider the five-year capital plan and the priorities for future school construction. Kanata Standard, November 9, 1979:2.
November 9, 1979
A feature in the Standard updated Project 4000 and the status of the first Vietnamese family sponsored in Kanata as part of the program. Kanata Standard, November 9, 1979:1,12.
November 20, 1979
There was a sod-turning ceremony to mark a major expansion of the Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Commercial Products, located in the Kanata North Industrial Park. Kanata Standard, November 23, 1979:1.
November 22, 1979
Kanata youth Bill Casley was presented with a personal bravery award by the Kanata-Carleton Rotary Club. The previous August, Casley had pulled David Malloy from a burning car just before it exploded. November 23, 1979:11.
November 23, 1979
The President of the National Capital Equestrian Park announced that a Wintario grant approval was given to cover 50 percent, or $416,612, of an all-weather indoor riding arena. Kanata Standard, November 23, 1979:13.
November 26, 1979
A meeting was held in Rural March to discuss whether or not to remain part of Kanata or to become part of West Carleton.
November 27, 1979
Kanata City Council passed a by-law authorizing the acquisition of land, the design and construction of a library in Glen Cairn. It was estimated to cost $502,000. Kanata Standard, December 7, 1979:13.
November 27, 1979
Kanata City Council approved the acquisition of land and the architectural design fees for a new rural fire hall, estimated at $155,000.
November 30, 1979
Mitel officially opened its Kanata headquarters. The company was already planning further expansion to its Kanata, Ogdensburg and Puerto Rico plants. Kanata Standard, December 7, 1979:21.
December 1, 1979
The City of Kanata celebrated its 1st birthday. Approximately 400 people attended a the festivities at Glen Cairn Community Centre. Campeau Corporation provided several birthday gifts, including a Campeau University Scholarship, a giant outdoor skating rink, and a giant toboggan run. Kanata Standard, December 7, 1979:1.
December 1, 1979
Mayor Wilkinson presented the Kingham family with a mounted picture of their winning logo design for the City of Kanata at the City’s 1st birthday. Kanata Standard, December 7, 1979:31.
December 4, 1979
Kanata City Council opened their meeting with a tribute to Alderman Lund for his work on the Hydro Committees leading up to an agreement to set up a city Hydro Utility. Kanata Standard, December 7, 1979:1.
December 4, 1979
Kanata City Council approved a motion in principle to change the name of Highway 17 to March Road. Kanata Standard, December 7, 1979:4.
December 7, 1979
An article by Carol Dougherty, based on interview with Mayor Marianne Wilkinson with regard to the first year of the City of Kanata, was published in the Standard. Dougherty wrote: “Not unlike the parents of a first newborn, the mayor and council have frequently relied upon trial and error and upon their own judgment to make decisions. In fact the lack of precedent, policy or procedure has forced council to learn through experience and to grow with the city.” Kanata Standard, December 7, 1979:6.
December 7, 1979
Bob Kingham commented in an article in the Standard on the first year of the City of Kanata. Kingham stated: “...you cannot make a community by Law. First and foremost it takes people — not a faceless legion, but neighbours and friends whose membership in Kanata derives from a conscious sense of belonging.” Kanata Standard, December 7, 1979:7.
December 7, 1979
Doug Nash wrote A Year of Reflection, to commemorate Kanata’s birthday. He stated: “I count this first year as a beneficial learning experience. I now realize that the provincial government has a great deal of jurisdiction over how a municipality operates, and it has been a very revealing experience to study the fine points of the Ontario Municipal Act.” Kanata Standard, December 7, 1979:8.
December 7, 1979
Charlie Rogers’ article, A Year in Review, outlined his participation in the first year of the City of Kanata. Rogers stated: “We are suffering from growing pains (possibly some headaches still around from motherhood), but I feel that we are progressing at a reasonable rate considering the circumstances and I look forward to a better progress rate in the next twelve months.” Kanata Standard, December 7, 1979:9.
December 7, 1979
Marianne Wilkinson, in her Commentary, reflected on the past year as Mayor of the new City of Kanata. She stated that the year had been full of “challenges, of accomplishments, of frustrations, of pleasure, of hard work, of long hours, and of tremendous encouragement and assistance given to me by the residents of Kanata, the members of Council and particularly by the Kanata City Staff.” Kanata Standard, December 7, 1979:14.
December 7, 1979
It was reported that three new refugee families had arrived in the Kanata area, as part of the ongoing Project 4000 program. Kanata Standard, December 7, 1979:30.
December 11, 1979
The speed limit on Eagleson Road from Highway 7 to Timm Drive was lowered from 80 km/h to 60 km/h. Kanata Standard, Jan. 11, 1980:4.
December 21, 1979
In a letter to the Editor, E. C. Prince criticized Kanata City Council for allowing the construction of the Participark, calling it “another pillaging of the natural landscape and thus the loss of the pastoral scene.” Kanata Standard, December 21, 1979:2.
Housekeeping - Marilynne Robinson
Lila - Marilynne Robinson
‘Here Are Your Gods!’ - Christopher J.H. Wright
What Every Christian Needs To Know About The Qur’an - James R. White
Their Eyes Were Watching God - Zora Neale Hurston
A Promised Land - Barack Obama
A Community Called Atonement - Scot McKnight
Bearing God's Name - Carmen Joy Imes
The Uninhabitable Earth - David Wallace-Wells
An Essay on Typography - Eric Gill
Come, Lord Jesus! - Stephen Motyer
Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms - Chris Baldick
The Iliad - Homer
The Odyssey - Homer
The Typographic Desk Reference - Theodore Rosendorf
The Aeneid - Virgil
The Emotional Devotional - By teenage girls, for teenage girls
“You, follow me.“ Vol.4 - Come, Holy Spirit - Justin Rossow
Elegantissima, The Design & Typography of Louise Fili - Louise Fili
God of All Things - Andrew Wilson
Megatokyo Volumes 1-6 - Fred Gallagher & Rodney Caston
Learning to Pray - James Martin
Beauty Will Save The World - Brian Zahnd
Worshipping The God of All in All of Life - Mark Greene (ed.)
Gentle & Lowly - Dane Ortlund
Joshua - J. Gordon McConville & Stephen N. Williams
Jack - Marilynne Robinson
The Intellectual World of C.S. Lewis - Alister E. McGrath
Judges and Ruth: Mary J. Evans
The Spirit Level: Why Equality is Better for Everyone - Kate Picket & Richard Wilkinson
John Peel - Margrave of the Marshes: His Autobiography - John Peel & Sheila Peel
The Confessions (Second Edition) - Saint Augustine (Translated by Sister Maria Boulding)
Strangely Bright - Joe Rigney
Who Is God? - Richard Bauckham
An Impossible Marriage - Laurie Krieg & Matt Krieg
Deliverance - Jason Bray
Miss Pettigrew Lives For A Day - Winifred Watson
Bullies and Saints - John Dickson
How (Not) To Read The Bible - Dan Kimball
The Singer - Calvin Miller
The Edge of the World - Michael Pye
The Sex Thing - Rachel Gardner
The Completely Superior Person’s Book of Words: Peter Bowler
Brendan: Frederick Buechner
The Bible: A Story That Makes Sense of Life - Andrew Ollerton
The Hiding Place: Corrie ten Boom
Double Cream: Stephen Gaukroger & Nick Mercer
Origami: Paper Folding For Fun - Eric Kenneway
The Ultimate Papercraft and Origami Book - Paul Jackson and Angela A'Court
The Bible - New International Version
1001 Books You Must Read Before You Die - Peter Boxall
Books read, but not visible:
Whole-Life Mission for the Whole Church - Mark Greene & Ian J. Shaw (digital)
Providence - John Piper (digital)
Bearing YHWH's Name at Sinai - Carmen Joy Imes (digital)
Susie - The Life and Legacy of Susannah Spurgeon - Ray Rhodes Jr. (digital)
The English and Their History - Robert Tombs (on loan)
Finding The Right Hills To Die On - The Case for Theological Triage - Gavin Ortlund (digital)
7 Ways To Pray - Amy Boucher Pye (borrowed)
Crazy Love - Francis Chan (digital)
Making Disciples for the Workplace: Mark Greene (in picture, but spineless :-)
© yohanes.budiyanto, 2014
HISTORY
Park Hyatt is a curated collection of some of the world's finest luxury hotels; and also the top tier brand inside the Hyatt Hotel's portfolio. Each hotel within the collection is unique, contemporary and extraordinary; which is why collectively it is my #1 all time favorite brand (The Four Seasons does not score too high on my list).
The very first Park Hyatt in Europe was The Hyatt Carlton Tower in London (circa 1982) and Hotel Villa Magna in Madrid (circa 1990). Both are not part of the group now, with the former being rebranded as Jumeirah in 2001, and the latter became an independent hotel following its renovation in 2007. Park Hyatt Hamburg later opened in 1997 at the historic Levantehaus; and the Ararat Park Hyatt in Moscow followed soon after in 2002. It was not until the opening of the Park Hyatt Paris-Vendome at Rue de la Paix in August 2002 that the brand finally has its official European flagship hotel. Designed by Ed Tuttle, -who is renowned for his work at the Amanresorts; the Park Hyatt Paris-Vendome is one of only 4 distinguished hotels in Paris to be inaugurated with a "Palace" distinction category in May 2011 (The Ritz and de Crillon are not even on the list, and Four Seasons George V was only inducted four months later after a massive $30 million renovation).
Park Hyatt went from strength to strength after Paris with the opening of the palatial, Ed Tuttle-designed Park Hyatt Milan in 2003 at an historic building circa 1870, formerly a Bank Headquarter.
LOCATION
Soaring majestically at Via Tommaso Grossi 1, Park Hyatt Milan is located at the city's most enviable location, with the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II just a (Travertine) stone's throw away. Personally, this is the best location for all tourists and business travelers as within a radius of one kilometer, you get the quintessential Milan. Any visitors would appreciate its proximity next to the massive Duomo, -the fifth largest cathedral in the world, which took six centuries to complete; and the legendary Opera House La Scala and its piazza, adjacent to the Galleria.
Milan is a shopper's paradise, and Park Hyatt is conveniently located next to the shops at the iconic Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II. Prada has a very strong presence here as its heart lies within the historic store at a prominent corner of the Octagon, which is the first store that Mario Prada opened back in 1913. The brand reached another historic milestone by acquiring a second store right at the opposite, which was formerly the home of Ronald (McDonald's) for 20 years. Ditched by the City of Milan as the landlord of the Galleria, Ronald later sued for a ridiculous €24 million in damages when his old contract expired and was prevented from renewing. Louis Vuitton, Giorgio Armani, Gucci and Tods have presence within the Galleria, and soon will be joined by Versace (with a Museum) at a prominent space by the Octagon, formerly of the Bernasconi.
Milan's iconic department store, La Rinescente (owned by the giant Central Group of Thailand) is located next to the Duomo; and is blessed with a beautiful rooftop terrace and restaurants facing the majestic spires of the Cathedral. Rival Excelsior Milano nearby at Galleria del Corso spans an area of 4000 sqm over 7 floors, and was completely renovated by one of the world's most famous French starchitect, Jean Nouvel. It features a Laduree shop on the ground floor; and a defining food store on the Mezzanine and basement, aptly named Eat's, which hosts international guest chefs regularly. Further away within a kilometer of pleasant walking distance lies the epicenter of Milan's fashion scene at Via Monte Napoleone, where most of the world's luxury fashion brands have a flagship presence.
Food-wise, Park Hyatt is surrounded by some of the city's best restaurants. For a start, it boasts its very own Michelin Restaurant, called VUN (Milanese dialect for One) where Chef Andrea Aprea works his magic serving excellent fine dining Italian dishes. Another One Michelin nearby, Trussardi alla Scala, is one of the city's best and most famous restaurant, located on the first floor of the flagship Trussardi store right beside La Scala. Arguably one of the world's most critically acclaimed Italian Chef, Carlo Cracco has a flagship 2 Michelin restaurant two blocks away from the Park Hyatt near the Duomo, and was formerly a joint venture with the Stoppani family that owns the legendary Peck Delicatessen in Milan. In 2012, Cracco was inducted as a member of Singapore Airlines International Culinary Panel. I even ordered in-flight meals created by Cracco on my way to Italy on board Singapore Airlines First Class.
Back to the Galleria, Biffi Cafe is one of the oldest restaurants in Milan, having been founded in 1867 by Paolo Biffi, a pastry Chef to the Monarch. Savini (circa 1884) is another institution right beside the Louis Vuitton and has been attracting celebrities and artists, which includes Maria Callas, Luchino Visconti, Charlie Chaplin, Rainier III, Prince of Monaco & Grace Kelly, Frank Sinatra, Ava Gardner, and Henry Ford to name a few. Savini has The Gallery of Taste on its first floor, selling every imaginable fine foods from oil, sauces, truffle to candies and coffees. It even has an ice cream parlour on the ground floor, which I adore very much. Gelato is one of the luxuries I indulged daily in Italy. There are a few popular Gelato shops nearby Park Hyatt, including Grom, and Cioccolati Italiani just behind the Galleria whose store drew the most incredible crowd I've ever seen in a Gelato shop, so much that I left the queue on the many repeat visits during the whole week. I settled for nearby Savini instead.
One of the best kept secrets within the Galleria is a beautiful store housing the Rizzoli Bookstore. The discreet entrance hides a two storey worth of collections, including some English books and a large section of magazines. My favourite place within the Galleria? The Gucci Cafe under the glass atrium, which serves excellent coffee, amazing pies and mouthwatering cakes.
ROOMS:
Ed Tuttle created dramatic spaces at the Park Hyatt Paris-Vendome; and he casts similar magic at Park Hyatt Milan, although in a complete different atmosphere. Clad predominantly in Travertine limestone (in fact, throughout the whole building), there is a very strong sense of place that is quintessentially Italian; and the contemporary decor adds to its air of understated and timeless luxury.
At 38m2, entry level Park Room is spacious by European standard with large fluffy beds, comfortable custom-made two seater sofa and armchair, and a giant work desk made out of Travertine limestone. Most rooms have small windows, but Ed Tuttle managed to decorate in such a clever way through framing and layering that transform the window into an object d'art. Series of rectangular mirrors are hung when the spaces have a large proportion of blank walls, which creates an illusion of multiple windows, and it reflects the lights throughout the rooms.
Bathrooms take a centrestage at Park Hyatt Milan, and are all generously proportioned. Similar to Park Hyatt Paris-Vendome, the bathrooms are swathed in acres of soothing beige, but accentuated with the striking pattern of Travertine at Milan. The standalone bathtub becomes the focal point of the bathroom; and the adjoining shower compartment is so spacious that it features a bench for pure relaxation; which are all an Ed Tuttle trademark. Each bathroom has an adjoining walk-in wardrobe and external window, which collectively makes the overall space appears large. There is a separate WC compartment with a bidet. Interestingly, the mini-bar is placed just under the sink; and are electronically operated, meaning any slight movement to the bottles will resulted in an automatic charge to the bill on check-out. Blaise Mautin amenities has unique scents at each of the several Park Hyatt, including Paris and Dubai; but Milan stocks amenities by Laura Tonatto (paraben free).
My courtyard facing Suite is generous with spacious, open-plan living area, fully equipped with three seater sofa; Loewe LCD TV; Lavazza coffee machine; sizeable dual sinks and wardrobe areas on its bathroom; Italian wines and snacks and beautiful views toward the courtyard. High-speed internet access is complimentary throughout and worked well.
ROOM TO BOOK:
Corner entry level rooms and Junior Suites are smaller, but brighter. Request for a corner Park Room on the corner of Via Tommaso Grossi and Via Silvio Pellico for a glimpse of the Galleria. The lower level rooms could be quite dark and has non-descript views towards the adjacent buildings, so request for higher floor to see the sky. Third and fifth floor has considerable smaller windows, while Second and Fourth floor has larger and taller windows. Suites facing the inner courtyard are very quiet and some are larger.
For the ultimate in style and pampering, book yourself one of the 6 top floor suites that come with its own private terrace, including The Terrace, Diplomatic and the 270m2 Presidential Suite. The 95m2, courtyard-facing Spa Suite is a one-of-a-kind, featuring a personal Spa Room complete with whirlpool bath; steam and rain shower; and a fitness corner with treadmill and weights.
DINING:
Restaurant VUN is the only restaurant at the hotel, and is awarded with One Michelin Star. Talented young Chef Andrea Aprea creates simple and honest Italian dishes; but all are cooked to perfection and beautifully presented. I am a HUGE fan of Italian food, -so much that I am sure I was an Italian in the past life; and yet I found the fine dining Italian food in their native soil to be abit underwhelming to my liking and expectation. Pasta in Italy is cooked al dente, which means it is abit hard. I prefer it to be cooked a little longer for a softer texture. The same goes with the risotto. I had a hard time chewing a bowl of Michelin rated risotto at Trussardi alla Scala. While it is nice and delicious, but my jaws became a little sour after the bowl finished.
Fusion fine-dining Italian seems not to work well for me either. Personally, Italian food is best when it is at its simplest and original form, highlighting the freshness and original flavor of its ingredients. Those humble food I got typically from the streets are actually very, very good. In contrast, the most lavish meal I had at 8 1/2 Otto e Mezzo Bombana, Hong Kong, -the only 3 Michelin Italian restaurant outside Italy, by Chef Umberto Bombana was actually a bit flat for me. Generally, I had more orgasmic feast at a top level French fine dining, -say L'atelier de Joel Robuchon-, than a top Italian fine dining. But this is personal.
It is interesting to note that Park Hyatt Milan's Club Sandwich is probably as famous as the Duomo itself. It was billed as the best Club Sandwich in the world by Tyler Brûlé of Monocle Magazine in 2008. While the taste does not let you down, and the portion is as gigantic as the Duomo, I personally do not think it is the best.
LEISURE:
Leisure facilities at the Park Hyatt Milan is housed within the basement's Spa area. The focal point of the facility is the small but luxurious whirlpool made out of 250,000 gold mosaics, similar to the pool at The Bvlgari Hotel Milano. The whirlpool is unisex, but serviced by separate change rooms according to gender, each with steam room and aromatherapy showers. There is also a private Spa Room for couples, complete with two beds and Turkish bath for the ultimate pampering.
X-FACTOR:
Anish Kapoor's masterpiece "Untitled 2013", which replaced Lucio Fontana's Medusa at the iconic La Cupola Lobby Lounge; Ed Tuttle-designed, Travertine clad rooms and bathrooms; The Terrace Suites on the top floor with glimpse over Duomo spires; One Michelin Star Restaurant VUN; Whirlpool with gold mosaics at The Spa; La Cupola and its Club Sandwich; and the perfect location by the Galleria and Duomo.
SERVICE:
The French are notoriously snotty, -so rude that their government had to issue a Manual to tone down their act towards tourists-, but otherwise classy; yet I found the Italian hospitality could sometimes be rather hostile, even at many of its top hotels and restaurants. Some even made the French seems friendly. In fact, I actually had better service in Paris and enjoyed it more than Italy in general. With the current economic crisis facing Europe, I think it is imperative to understand how to properly treat the customers and tourists as the income generator.
Fortunately, service was attentive, personalized and world class at the Park Hyatt. Check-in was swift and staff personally escorted to the suite. Most staffs had great attitude with matching great look, and aimed to please. Similarly, staffs at Restaurant VUN was exemplary. The only hotel whose service was better than the Park Hyatt during the Italian trip was the Bvlgari Hotel Milano, which ranks among the best I've ever experienced. I have stayed at all three Bvlgari (Milan, London and Bali) and all its restaurants (including Tokyo), and they all blew me away. Service at both London and Milan were both phenomenal. Unfortunately, I could not say the same for Armani Milano, as it was quite disappointing.
VERDICT:
Park Hyatt Milan is a truly stunning property in the best location. It is the perfect hotel for first timer in Milan due to its proximity to some of the city's most famous landmarks and best shopping/dining. Rooms and suites are spacious; and although they probably could not compete with the sheer luxury at the Bvlgari or Armani, they are very charming and extremely comfortable. It lacked a proper pool, and the spa area is quite small, otherwise it would be perfect. I would definitely return again because the location is perfect and service was exceptional; but my #1 favorite hotel in Milan is the Bvlgari. I am actually eyeing passionately (and patiently) for the Excelsior Hotel Gallia for quite some time already as it is owned by Katara, which has The Peninsula Paris and Raffles Le Royal Monceau Paris under its belt. Let's see how it measures up once it is opened late this year.
PERSONAL RATING:
1. Room: 90
2. Bathroom: 95
3. Bed: 95
4. Service: 90
5. In-room Tech: 85
6. In-room Amenities: 90
7. Architecture & Design: 95
8. Food: 90
9. View: 80
10. Pool: N/A
11. Wellness: 80
12. Location: 100
13. Value: 95
Overall: 90.41
My #1 ALL TIME FAVORITE HOTEL
Landmark Mandarin Oriental Hong Kong: 95.38
PARK HYATT MILAN
at The Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II
Via Tommaso Grossi 1, Milan
General Manager: Gorka Bergareche
Executive Chef (VUN): Andrea Aprea
Interior Designer: Ed Tuttle
Hotel Opening Date: 15 October 2003
Total Rooms & Suites: 106 Rooms (including 74 Park and Park Deluxe Rooms)
Total Suites: 32 Suites (including 5 Prestige; 4 Terrace; 3 Park Executive & 16 Junior Suites
Signature Suites: 155m2 Diplomatic Suite; 95m2 Spa Suite)
Top Suites: Imperial Suite (255m2) and Presidential Suite (270m2)
Bathroom Amenities: Laura Tonatto
Restaurants: Restaurant VUN (1 Michelin Star): Italian Fine Dining
Bars and Lounges: La Cupola Lobby Lounge, The Park Bar & The Dehors
Meeting & Banquets: 96m2 Sala Duomo (100 guests), and 3 Boardrooms (up to 35 guests)
Health & Leisure: 24 hours fitness centre & The Spa with a Private Spa Room & Mosaic Whirlpool
milan.park.hyatt.com
Over the decade, I have stayed at many of the Park Hyatt hotels worldwide, including Beijing, Busan, Dubai, Hamburg, Melbourne, Milan, Paris, Saigon, Seoul, Shanghai, Sydney, Tokyo, and Zurich
Tintin is a fictional character in The Adventures of Tintin, the series of classic Belgian comic books written and illustrated by Hergé. Tintin is the protagonist of the series, a reporter and adventurer who travels around the world with his dog Snowy.
Tintin debuted in Le Petit Vingtième on 10 January 1929. Tintin was largely based on an earlier character created by Hergé, a chubby boy-scout named Totor. The comics starring Totor, Les aventures de Totor, chef de patrouille des Hannetons (The Adventures of Totor, Leader of the Cockchafer Patrol), appeared in the magazine Le Boy-Scout Belge between 1926 and 1929.
In the later comic book series, Tintin is a young reporter who is drawn to dangerous international intrigues in which his quick thinking, bravery and chronic good luck save the day. Almost every adventure features Tintin sent off to investigate an assignment, but rarely does he actually turn in a story without first getting caught up in an adventure.[1] Although the strip was Belgian, Hergé was inconsistent or vague about assigning Tintin a nationality, depicting him instead as broadly European. In some of the early books, like Tintin in the Congo or The Black Island, a Belgian identity is fairly explicit. In The Secret of the Unicorn, the reader can unmistakably recognise the streets of Brussels at the beginning of the story. In the television series, Tintin states that he and Snowy are from Brussels in the episode of The Crab with the Golden Claws. Brussels is also explicitly mentioned as Tintin's home address in Tintin in the Land of the Soviets. In later adventures, as with other aspects of his character's history and family, Tintin's nationality is usually not directly stated, although some of the street scenes in The Red Sea Sharks have been identified as happening in Brussels.
Readers and critics have described Tintin as a well-rounded, yet open-ended character, noting that his rather neutral personality—sometimes labelled as bland—permits a balanced reflection of the evil, folly and foolhardiness which surrounds him. His boy-scout ideals, which represent Hergé's own, are never compromised by the character, and his status allows the reader to assume his position within the story, rather than merely following the adventures of a strong protagonist.Tintin's iconic representation enhances this aspect, with Scott McCloud noting that it "allows readers to mask themselves in a character and safely enter a sensually stimulating world."
Tintin is an intelligent and imaginative character with good powers of deduction. However, while in deep thought, he tends to be absent-minded and fails to notice things around him. He seems to know multiple foreign languages and reads extensively on a variety of subjects. He is skilled at driving automobiles (including a tank), riding horses or motorcycles, and flying aeroplanes and helicopters. Despite his generally delicate and unassuming appearance, Tintin is quite athletic and possesses great physical strength, often getting into fights where he is able to knock out enemies much larger than himself with a single blow. Although he is small as opposed to the other characters, he is an excellent swimmer, has been shown to be a skilled mountaineer, has been shown to do yoga,[4] and can survive falls that would normally cause serious injuries.
Tintin's age is never accurately revealed. Other characters treat him as a worldly young adult, as shown by the absence of concerns like parents or school, as well as by his wide solo travels all over the globe. He's old enough to enter a pub and drink a beer (The Black Island) and old enough to live alone with his dog in his own apartment. However, he is still referred to as a "young boy", and a "puppy" in The Crab with the Golden Claws. A 1979 television interview with Hergé settled the matter, when Hergé stated that when he first thought about Tintin he was 14 or 15 years old, "but now, let's say that he is 17." In one shot in the television series episode The Secret of the Unicorn, Tintin's passport states his birth year as 1929 (the year of his print debut).
Tintin has no family members: any mention of a mother, father or siblings is noticeably absent. He makes no mention of his family throughout the series. Nowhere is it implied that he is an orphan; it could be argued that he meets his family between adventures. Tintin's lack of relatives is irrelevant to his adventuring; it is the adopted family of friends he makes through his exploits that makes up his family unit.
Unlike other characters such as Captain Haddock or Professor Calculus, Tintin has no discernible past prior to the beginning of the series. Whereas Haddock can recall a particularly fierce storm at sea or Calculus can boast of his athletic past, Tintin's roots prior to Land of the Soviets are never discussed. His companions encounter old friends like Captain Chester or Hercule Tarragon, yet Tintin only meets friends or enemies whom he met in previous adventures.
Even the name "Tintin" remains a mystery. Whether it is a first name or a surname is unknown. A possibility is that it is not actually the reporter's real name, but rather a pseudonym that the character uses to protect his identity while writing columns for his newspaper: Le Petit Vingtième. At the time when the stories first came out, journalists' usage of pseudonyms was commonplace. The possibility that it may not be his real name is also hinted in Cigars of the Pharaoh when Tintin is accused of poisoning one of a notable sheik's servants. Having been captured and brought to his tent, the enraged sheik demands Tintin's name. Tintin's characteristically placid answer is: "My name? It won't mean a thing to you... but at home they call me Tintin." A simpler theory for his name is the fact that Franco-Belgian comics at the time generally had heroes with eccentric, memorable single names that could pass off as first names or surnames. Many people tend to think of "Tintin" as a surname, but it is likely that Hergé meant to keep it a mystery. Hergé was a great admirer of Benjamin Rabier and may have derived the name (and hairstyle) from Rabier's Tintin lutin (1897). There also have been theories that Tintin is a nickname for Martin or Augustin. One last theory holds that the name "Tintin" signifies nothing, pointing to the character's cipherous nature. As Paul LaFarge writes,
Tintin was a word before it was a name; it means 'nothing,' and the phrase faire tintin loosely means "to go without." Hergé's boy reporter does not bear the name by accident.
Throughout much of the series, Tintin's attitude is characterised by inquisitive tendencies and a noble, forgiving nature. While his idealism earns him the admiration of many people he meets, it also places him in danger on occasion and serves as a foil to the more sceptical demeanour of other characters such as Captain Haddock. And unlike nearly every other character he meets, Tintin can be relied upon to remain calm and cool-headed, even in the worst of circumstances. Only on very rare occasions, such as after Haddock's drunken antics threatened his friend's lives (Explorers on the Moon), could Tintin actually lose his temper.
Tintin's political views are generally ambiguous in many of the books and specific expression of his opinions are rare. While in earlier books such as Tintin in the Land of the Soviets and Tintin in the Congo Tintin is characterised as a proud Belgian Catholic, later books avoid specific mention of his views (see Ideology of Tintin). His opinions appear to change over time, though in many situations he can be classified as a pacifist, reflecting a dislike of war. At the beginning of Tintin and the Picaros, he is seen wearing a motorcycle helmet with a Peace symbol on it.
Readers of Tintin books have speculated about his sexuality. Marcel Wilmet, spokesperson of Studios Hergé, has confirmed that Tintin is not gay and, while he has many male friends, they are not boyfriends. However, many still question his ambiguous sexuality.
Towards the end of the series, Tintin's character changes to a degree. In later stories, Tintin no longer actively seeks out adventure but is rather forced into a situation by events beyond his control (such as being kidnapped[10] or motivated to rescue a friend). This is especially evident in Flight 714 and Tintin and the Picaros, where Tintin's loss of enthusiasm for adventure is apparent, and his youthful idealism appears to have been replaced by a somewhat more cynical outlook. There has been much debate among readers and critics about this shift in characterisation, as these final adventures have received varying and sometimes negative responses. Critics argue that these books represent either a late period of eccentricity, or puzzling disappointments, while others claim that Tintin's shift represents a more complex depiction of his character. Hergé commented upon this change, noting that in the late phases of his career, "Tintin has lost control, he is not on top of events anymore, he is subjected to them." However, in the unfinished album Tintin and Alph-Art, Tintin regained much of his old adventurous personality, actively investigating suspicious events and murder threats.
The earlier version of Tintin was apparently inspired, at least in part, by Hergé's younger brother, Paul Remi, a career soldier. Tired of being referred to as "Major Tintin" by his colleagues, Paul later shaved his hair and adopted a more Erich von Stroheim look. Hergé subsequently used Paul's appearance as a model for the villainous Colonel Sponsz in The Calculus Affair. Tintin and Sponsz, although physically very different, have actually quite similar hair spikes.
Hergé may have also been inspired by a Danish boy scout and later actor Palle Huld who was 15 years old when he travelled around the world and wrote Around the World in 44 days by Palle. In the book he describes his tour to Soviet, America, China, Africa etc. and about his dramatic adventures. It was translated into 11 languages and it was read by Hergé. Palle Huld died in 2010 at the age of 98.
However, the inspiration for the clothing Hergé dressed Tintin in lay elsewhere. A fellow student of Hergé's from St Boniface, named Charles, had adopted a similar style of plus fours and argyle socks, which caused him to be the subject of no little ridicule. Harry Thompson notes the inspiration may be tinged slightly, suggesting that if "Hergé had been one of the laughers, an element of guilt was involved."
The first 3 adventures of Tintin visit places visited by photographer-reporter Robert Sexé, recorded in the Belgian press from the mid to late 1920s. Sexé was born in 1890 in La Roche-sur-Yon in Vendée in Western France. Janpol Schulz wrote a biography of Robert Sexé titled "Sexé au pays des Soviets" (Sexé in the Land of the Soviets) to mimic the name of the first Tintin Adventure. This was published in 1996.
Robert Sexé has been noted to have a similar appearance to Tintin, and the Hergé Foundation in Belgium has admitted that it is not too hard to imagine how Hergé could have been influenced by the exploits of Sexé.[16] At that time Sexé had been round the world on a motorcycle made by Gillet of Herstal. René Milhoux was a Grand-Prix champion and motorcycle record holder of the era, and in 1928, while Sexé was in Herstal speaking with Léon Gillet about his future projects, Mr. Gillet put him in contact with his new champion, Milhoux, who had just left Ready motorcycles for Gillet of Herstal. The two men quickly struck up a friendship, and spent hours talking about motorcycles and voyages, Sexé explaining his needs and Milhoux giving his knowledge on mechanics and motorbikes pushed beyond their limits.
Thanks to this union of knowledge and experience, Robert Sexé would head off on numerous trips throughout the world, writing countless press accounts. The General Secretary of the Hergé Foundation in Belgium has admitted that it is not too hard to imagine how a young George Rémi, better known as Hergé, could have been inspired by the well-publicized exploits of these two friends, Sexé with his trips and documentaries and Milhoux with his triumphs and records, to create the characters of Tintin the famous travelling reporter, and his faithful companion Milou (Snowy).
Hergé himself has noted that Tintin existed as his personal expression, and although he recorded in 1947 that he knew "Tintin is no longer me, that, if he is to go on living, it will be by a sort of artificial respiration that I will have to practice constantly and which exhausts me, and will exhaust me more and more",[17] he was also fond of stating "Tintin, c'est moi!" ("Tintin, that's me!").
Shortly before his death, former Belgian Nazi collaborator Léon Degrelle created controversy by stating that the Tintin character was originally based on himself. Degrelle had indeed known Hergé during his early career as a journalist, but this allegation is generally considered a fabrication of the notorious self-booster Degrelle
Image from 'Social Life of the Chinese: with some account of their religious, governmental, educational and business customs and opinions ... With ... illustrations', 000967634
Author: DOOLITTLE, Justus.
Volume: 02
Page: 233
Year: 1867
Place: New York
Publisher:
Following the link above will take you to the British Library's integrated catalogue. You will be able to download a PDF of the book this image is taken from, as well as view the pages up close with the 'itemViewer'. Click on the 'related items' to search for the electronic version of this work.
Open the page in the British Library's itemViewer (page: 000233)
Fantastic Story Magazine / Magazin-Reihe
Murray Leinster / The Eternal Now
(Art: Paul Orban)
Best Books Inc. / USA Januar 1953
ex libris MTP
Sibiu (Romanian: [siˈbiw], antiquated Sibiiu; German: Hermannstadt [ˈhɛʁmanʃtat], Transylvanian Saxon dialect: Härmeschtat, Hungarian: Nagyszeben [ˈnɒcsɛbɛn]) is a city in Transylvania, Romania, with a population of 147,245.[1] Located some 275 km (171 mi) north-west of Bucharest,[2] the city straddles the Cibin River, a tributary of the river Olt. Now the capital of Sibiu County, between 1692 and 1791 and 1849–65 Sibiu was the capital of the Principality of Transylvania.
Sibiu is one of the most important cultural centres of Romania and was designated the European Capital of Culture for the year 2007, along with the city of Luxembourg.[3] Formerly the centre of the Transylvanian Saxons, the old city of Sibiu was ranked as "Europe's 8th-most idyllic place to live" by Forbes in 2008.[4]
The city administers the Păltiniș ski resort.
History[edit]
See also: Timeline of Sibiu
The first official record referring to the Sibiu area comes from 1191, when Pope Celestine III confirmed the existence of the free prepositure of the German settlers in Transylvania, the prepositure having its headquarters in Sibiu, named Cibinium at that time.[5]
In the 14th century, it was already an important trade centre. In 1376, the craftsmen were divided in 19 guilds. Sibiu became the most important ethnic German city among the seven cities that gave Transylvania its German name Siebenbürgen (literally seven citadels).[6][7] It was home to the Universitas Saxorum (Community of the Saxons), a network of pedagogues, ministers, intellectuals, city officials, and councilmen of the German community forging an ordered legal corpus and political system in Transylvania since the 1400s.[8][9] During the 18th and 19th centuries, the city became the second- and later the first-most important centre of Transylvanian Romanian ethnics. The first Romanian-owned bank had its headquarters here (The Albina Bank), as did the ASTRA (Transylvanian Association for Romanian Literature and Romanian's People Culture). After the Romanian Orthodox Church was granted status in the Habsburg Empire from the 1860s onwards, Sibiu became the Metropolitan seat, and the city is still regarded as the third-most important centre of the Romanian Orthodox Church. Between the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 and 1867 (the year of the Ausgleich), Sibiu was the meeting-place of the Transylvanian Diet, which had taken its most representative form after the Empire agreed to extend voting rights in the region.
After World War I, when Austria-Hungary was dissolved, Sibiu became part of Romania; the majority of its population was still ethnic German (until 1941) and counted a large Romanian community, as well as a smaller Hungarian one. Starting from the 1950s and until after 1990, most of the city's ethnic Germans emigrated to Germany and Austria. Among the roughly 2,000 who have remained is Klaus Johannis, the current President of Romania.
Geography[edit]
Topographic map of the Sibiu region
Panoramic view of Sibiu historic center, looking East.
Sibiu is situated near the geographical center of Romania at
WikiMiniAtlas
45.792784°N 24.152069°E. Set in the Cibin Depression, the city is about 20 km from the Făgăraș Mountains, 12 km from the Cibin Mountains, and about 15 km from the Lotru Mountains, which border the depression in its southwestern section. The northern and eastern limits of Sibiu are formed by the Târnavelor Plateau, which descends to the Cibin Valley through Gușteriței Hill.
The Cibin river as well as some smaller streams runs through Sibiu. The geographical position of Sibiu makes it one of the most important transportation hubs in Romania with important roads and railway lines passing through it.
City districts[edit]
The following districts are part of Sibiu. Some were villages annexed by the city but most were built as the city developed and increased its surface.
•Historic Center - Divided into the Upper Town and Lower Town
•Centru (Centre)
•Lupeni
•Trei Stejari
•Vasile Aaron
•Hipodrom I, II, III, IV
•Valea Aurie (Golden Valley)
•Tilișca
•Ștrand
•Turnișor (Little Tower; German: Neppendorf)
•Piața Cluj
•Țiglari
•Terezian
•Reșița
•Lazaret
•Gușterița (German: Hammersdorf)
•Broscărie
•Viile Sibiului
•Tineretului
•Veteranilor de Război
The Southern part, including the ASTRA National Museum Complex and the Zoo, also falls within the city limits.
Politics[edit]
Sibiu city council composition in 2004:
Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania
Social Democratic Party
National Liberal Party
Democratic Party
Although ethnic Germans make up less than 2% of Sibiu's population, Klaus Johannis, the former president of the Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania (FDGR/DFDR) and current president of Romania, served as mayor of Sibiu from 2000 to 2014. Johannis was overwhelmingly reelected in 2004 (with 88.7% of votes) and 2008 (with 83.3% of the votes cast) and his party gained an absolute majority in the city council in that year. After the 2014 presidential elections, the interim position for mayor of the city was filled by deputy mayor Astrid Fodor who in the 2016 local elections won the seat with a majority of votes.[18]
Despite winning the local elections with a majority of votes and a high approval rating, the current administration is beginning to be viewed as slow moving and lacking transparency. Another issue that is affecting the current administraiton's approval ratings is the lack of investments and innovations
Economy[edit]
Sibiu is an important economic hub for Romania, with a high rate of foreign investments. It is also an important hub for the manufacturing of automotive components and houses factories belonging to ThyssenKrupp Bilstein-Compa, Takata Corporation, Continental Automotive Systems, and NTN-SNR ball bearings. Other local industries are machine components, textiles, agro-industry, and electrical components (Siemens).
The city also contains Romania's second-largest stock exchange, the Sibiu Stock Exchange which is set to merge with the Bucharest Stock Exchange in 2018.[19]
The main industrial activities of Sibiu take place in two industrial zones located on the outskirts of the city:
•East industrial zone (East Economic Center), alongside the railway to Brașov and Râmnicu Vâlcea
•West industrial zone (West Economic Center),[20] near the exit to Sebeș, close to the Airport
A commercial zone located in the Șelimbăr commune plays an important role in the economy of Sibiu. It houses a mall and other large retailers.
Another factor that plays an important role in the economy of the city is tourism, which has been increasing at a steady rate since 2007.
Transport[edit]
Sibiu International Airport Location
Sibiu is well served in terms of transport and infrastructure. In 2010 a city bypass was opened, significantly reducing the road traffic inside the city.
Tursib[21] is the city's internal transportation system operator.
Air[edit]
Sibiu Airport, Blue Air flight.
Sibiu has one of the most modern international airports in Romania, with direct connections to Germany, Austria, United Kingdom, Italy and Spain while connections to other European countries being scheduled to start in summer 2018 Belgium, Denmark, Switzerland.
Road[edit]
Sibiu is an important node in the European road network, being on two different European routes (E68 and E81). At a national level, Sibiu is located on three different main national roads, DN1, DN7 and DN14.
The Romanian Motorway A1 will link the city with Pitești and the Romanian western border, near Arad. From the remaining 332 km of motorway towards the border with Hungary Nadlac, a total of 276 km is completed and the last 56 km are currently under construction, while the timeline for the segment towards Pitești is targeted for completion for the year 2025 (construction will start no sooner than 2019). Sibiu' s ring road as part of A1 motorway was completed on December 1, 2010.
Sibiu is also an important hub for the international bus links with the biggest passenger transporter in Romania, Atlassib, based here. Transport companies are also providing coach connections from Sibiu to a large number of locations in Romania.
Public bus transportation in Sibiu
Rail[edit]
Main article: Sibiu railway station
Sibiu is situated on the CFR-Romanian Railways Main Line 200 (Brasov - Făgăraș - Sibiu - Simeria - Arad - Romanian Western Border) and on Line 206 (Sibiu - Mediaș).
The city is served by five rail stations: the Main Station (Gara Mare), the Little Station (Gara Micǎ), Turnișor, Sibiu Triaj, Halta Ateliere Zonă . It has an important diesel-powered locomotives depot and a freight terminal.
Numerous Inter City trains (nicknamed Blue Arrows) connect Sibiu to other major cities in Romania: Cluj-Napoca, Brașov, Craiova, Timișoara and Bucharest.
Cycling[edit]
Over the last six years, Sibiu has enjoyed a revival of cycling. The bicycle way in the city span for 43 kilometers.
Bicycle rentals have offered a boost for the local economy with several small rental centers and a bigger rental center that is administered by the I'Velo Bike Sharing group.
Culture[edit]
Sibiu is one of Romania's most culturally lively cities. It has 3 theatres and a philharmonic orchestra along with other smaller private theatrical venues and a theatre studio housed by the Performing Arts and Acting section of Lucian Blaga University, where students hold monthly representations.
The Radu Stanca National Theatre[22] is one of the leading Romanian theatres. With origins dating back to 1787, it attracts some of the best-known Romanian directors, such as Gábor Tompa and Silviu Purcărete. It has both a Romanian-language and a German-language section, and presents an average of five shows a week.
The Gong Theatre is specialised in puppetry, mime and non-conventional shows for children and teenagers. It also presents shows in both Romanian and German.
The State Philharmonic of Sibiu[23] presents weekly classical music concerts, and educational concerts for children and teenagers. The concerts take place in the newly restored Thalia Hall, a concert and theatre hall dating from 1787, situated along the old city fortifications. Weekly organ concerts are organised at the Evangelical Cathedral during summers, and thematic concerts are presented by the Faculty of Theology choir at the Orthodox Cathedral.
The Sibiu International Theatre Festival is an annual festival of performing arts. Since 2016, it is the largest performance arts festival in the world.[24]
Brukenthal National Museum, Sibiu.
Museums and parks[edit]
Sibiu's museums are organised around two entities: the Brukenthal National Museum and the ASTRA National Museum Complex. The Brukenthal Museum consists of an Art Gallery and an Old Books Library located inside the Brukenthal Palace, a History Museum located in the old town hall building, a Pharmacy Museum located in one of the first apothecary shops in Europe, dating from the 16th century, a Natural History Museum and a Museum of Arms and Hunting Trophies.
The ASTRA National Museum Complex focuses on ethnography, and consists of a Traditional Folk Civilisation Museum, a 96-hectare open-air museum located in Dumbrava Forest south of Sibiu, a Universal Ethnography Museum, a Museum of Transylvanian Civilisation and a Museum of Saxon Ethnography and Folk Art. Also planned is a Museum of the Culture and Civilisation of the Romany People.
Bicycle riders in Sub Arini park, in Sibiu.
The Dumbrava Sibiului Natural Park stretches over 960 hectares and it is situated 4 km away from the center of the city in the southwest direction along the road towards Răşinari. Also, here you can find the Zoological Garden and Ethnography Museum.
There is a Steam Locomotives Museum close to the railway station, sheltering around 40 locomotives, two of which are functional.
The first park in the city was The Promenade, later called "The Disabled Promenade." established in 1791, today part of Parcul Cetății (Citadel Park). Current arrangement of the park, including the space between the walls, dates from 1928.
The Sub Arini Park, established in 1856 is one of the biggest and best-maintained parks in Romania. There are other green spaces in the city center, the best known being Astra Park, established in 1879.
Tineretului Park
Other parks:
Tineretului Park, Reconstrucției Park, Corneliu Coposu Park, Petöfi Sándor Park, Piața Cluj Park, Ștrand Park, Cristianului Park, Țițeica Park, Vasile Aaron Park, Lira Park.
The distribution of green space is good compared to other Romanian cities.
Events[edit]
Citadel Park, with the 16 century City wall
Several festivals are organised yearly in Sibiu, the most prestigious of them being the Sibiu International Theatre Festival, organized each spring at the end of May. Medieval Festival organized every year in August, reviving the medieval spirit of Transylvania. The Artmania Festival is held every Summer since 2006 and as of 2008 the Rockin' Transilvania Festival is also held in Sibiu. The oldest Jazz Festival in Romania is organized here, as well as the "Carl Filtsch" festival for young classical piano players, the "Astra Film" documentary film festival, the Transylvania calling Festival a Multi Cultural 6 day Open Air Music festival! 26–31 July 2007, a medieval arts festival and many more smaller cultural events.[25] Feeric Fashion Week is also hosted here.
European Cultural Capital[edit]
The designation as a European Cultural Capital for 2007, owed greatly to the excellent collaboration with Luxembourg, but also to what many regard as a miraculous social rebirth taking place in the city during the last years. The Cultural Capital status was expected to bring about an abrupt increase in quantity and quality of cultural events in 2007.
Tourism[edit]
In 2007, Sibiu was the European Capital of Culture (together with Luxembourg). This was the most important cultural event that has ever happened in the city, and a great number of tourists came, both domestic and foreign.
The city of Sibiu and its surroundings are one of the most visited areas in Romania. It holds one of the best preserved historical sites in the country, many of its medieval fortifications having been kept in excellent state. Its old center has begun the process for becoming a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2004. Sibiu and its surrounding area have many significant museums, with 12 institutions housing art collections, paintings, and exhibits in decorative arts, archeology, anthropology, history, industrial archeology and history of technology and natural sciences.
The city also lies close to the Făgăraș Mountains - a very popular trekking destination, close to the Păltiniș and Arena Platos ski resorts - popular winter holiday destinations, and it is at the heart of the former Saxon communities in Transylvania renowned for its fortified churches.
Fortified Lutheran church of Gușterița neighbourhood, 13th century
Since 2007, a traditional Christmas market is held for the first time in Sibiu, Romania. The first of its kind in Romania, it is inspired by Viennese Christmas markets, being a project developed by the Social Attaché of the Austrian Embassy in Romania, dr.h.c. Barbara Schöfnagel It was held in the "Lesser Square" (Piața Mică) with 38 small stalls, a small stage and an area dedicated to children, having several mechanical attractions installed there. Since 2008 the market is held in the "Grand Square" and grew to a number of about 70 stalls, a bigger stage was set up, where Christmas carols concerts are held. An ice skating rink and a children's workshop are also attractions which have been added in the following years.[26] It was the first Christmas Market in Romania,[27] but soon other Christmas markets emerged across the country. In 2013, the Sibiu Christmas markets was included in the "15 Of the Most Beautiful Christmas Markets in Europe"[28]
Main sights[edit]
Sibiu Lutheran Cathedral
Market in the Large Square, 1790, painting by Franz Neuhauser the Younger
Christmas Fair in the Large Square
Coopers Tower
The House with Caryatids on Mitropoliei Street, constructed in 1786
Pasajul Scărilor (Passage of the Stairs) in the Lower Town
Much of the city's aspect is due to its position, easily defensible, but allowing horizontal development. The old city of Sibiu lies on the right bank of the Cibin River, on a hill situated at about 200 m from the river. It consists of two distinct entities: the Upper Town and the Lower Town. Traditionally, the Upper Town was the wealthier part and commercial outlet, while the Lower Town served as the manufacturing area.
The Lower Town
(German: Unterstadt, Romanian: Orașul de jos) comprises the area between the river and the hill, and it developed around the earliest fortifications. The streets are long and quite wide for medieval city standards, with small city squares at places. The architecture is rather rustic: typically two-storey houses with tall roofs and gates opening passages to inner courts.
Most of the exterior fortifications were lost to industrial development and modern urban planning in the mid-late 19th century; only four towers still exist. A building associated with newer urbanism of the period is the Independența Highschool.
This area has the oldest church in the city, dating back to 1292.
The Upper Town (German: Oberstadt, Romanian: Orașul de sus) is organised around three city squares and a set of streets along the line of the hill. As the main area for burgher activities, the area contains most points of interest in the city.
Grand Square
(German: Großer Ring, Romanian: Piața Mare ) is, as its name suggests, the largest square of the city, and has been the center of the city since the 15th century. At 142 meters long and 93 meters wide, it is one of the largest ones in Transylvania.
Brukenthal Palace, one of the most important Baroque monuments in Romania, lies on the north-western corner of the square. It was erected between 1777 and 1787 as the main residence for the Governor of Transylvania Samuel von Brukenthal. It houses the main part of the National Brukenthal Museum, opened in 1817, making it one of the oldest museums in the world. Next to the palace is the Blue House or Moringer House, an 18th-century Baroque house bearing the old coat of arms of Sibiu on its façade.
Interior of the Sibiu Orthodox Cathedral
On the north side is the Jesuit Church, along with its dependencies, the former residence of the Jesuits in Sibiu. Also on the north side, at the beginning of the 20th century an Art Nouveau building was constructed on the west part, now it houses the mayor's office.
Liars Bridge in Lesser Square, erected in 1859
Next to the Jesuit Church on the north side is the Council Tower, one of the city's symbols. This former fortification tower from the 13th century has been successively rebuilt over the years. The building nearby used to be the City Council's meeting place; beneath it lies an access way between the Grand Square and the Lesser Square.
On the south and east sides are two- or three-storey houses, having tall attics with small windows known as the city's eyes. Most of these houses are dated 15th to 19th centuries, and most of them are Renaissance or Baroque in style.
Lesser Square (Small Square, German: Kleiner Ring) as its name implies, is a smaller square situated in the northern part of the Upper Town. After the 2007 rehabilitation there has been an increase in the number of small businesses such as pubs and restaurants in this area.
The square is connected to the other two squares and to other streets by small, narrow passages. The main access from the Lower City is through Ocnei Street, which divides the square in two. The street passes under the Liar's Bridge - the first bridge in Romania to have been cast in iron (1859).[29]
To the right of the bridge is another symbol of the city, The House of the Arts, a 14th-century arched building formerly belonging to the Butchers' Guild. On the left side of the bridge is the Luxemburg House, a Baroque four-storey building.
Huet Square
is the third of the three main squares of Sibiu. Its most notable feature is the Evangelical Lutheran Cathedral in its center. It is the place where the earliest fortifications have been built in the late 12th century or early 13th century. The buildings around this square are mainly Gothic. On the west side lies the Brukenthal Highschool, in place of a former 14th-century school.
The Thick Tower
The Fortifications
of Sibiu made the city one of the most important fortified cities in Central Europe. Multiple rings were built around the city, most of them out of clay bricks. The south-eastern fortifications are the best kept, and all three parallel lines are still visible. The first is an exterior earth mound, the second is a 10-meter-tall red brick wall, and the third line comprises towers linked by another 10-meter-tall wall. All structures are connected via a labyrinth of tunnels and passageways, designed to ensure transport between the city and lines of defense.
In the 16th century more modern elements were added to the fortifications, mainly leaf-shaped bastions. Two of these survived to this day, as the Haller Bastion (all the way down Coposu Boulevard) and "Soldisch Bastion".
The Passage of the Stairs, leads down to the lower section of Sibiu. It descends along some fortifications under the support arches. It is the most picturesque of the several passages linking the two sides of the old city.
Health
Health[edit]
Sibiu County Hospital
Sibiu is one of the important medical centers of Romania, housing many important medical facilities:
•County Hospital
•Academic Emergency Hospital;
•Hospital of Pediatrics;
•Military Emergency Hospital;
•CFR Hospital (Romanian Railways Hospital);
•"Dr. Gheorghe Preda" Psychiatry Hospital
•other smaller private clinics
The city also houses one of the largest private hospitals in the country, Polisano.
Education[edit]
Samuel von Brukenthal High School
Sibiu is an important centre of higher education, with over 23,000 students in four public and private higher institutions.[30][31][32][33]
The Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu was founded in 1990, with five faculties: Engineering and Sciences; Language Sciences; History and Law; Medicine; Food and Textile Processing Technology. Nowadays, there are 10 faculties and departments.
Sibiu also houses the Nicolae Bălcescu Land Forces Academy and the Military Foreign Language Center as well as two private universities, Romanian-German University and Alma Mater University.
In Sibiu there are 20 educational institutions on the secondary level, the most important of which are:
•Gheorghe Lazăr National College - sciences and informatics, first opened in 1692 as a Jesuit College
•
Gheorghe Lazăr National College
Samuel von Brukenthal National College - German language high school
•Octavian Goga National College - social sciences, sciences, informatics and linguistics
•Onisifor Ghibu Theoretical Highschool - informatics, sciences, sports, theater and linguistics
•Andrei Șaguna National College - training for school teacher and linguistics
•Constantin Noica Theoretical Highschool - sciences and linguistics
•Daniel Popovici Barcianu Highschool - agricultural sciences
•George Baritiu National College - economic sciences
•Nicolae Iorga Elementary school
•Regina Maria Elementary school
... books for the little ones! We try to make sure that when the young ones are staying with use they take time out to read a few pages of a book. Lewis, does enjoy reading but they little ones like a story where they go to bed and I also like reading to them!
Stay Safe Everyone!
Flickr Lounge - Weekly Theme (Week 42) ~ Abundance ....
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Go to the Book with image in the Internet Archive
Title: United States Naval Medical Bulletin Vol. 5 Nos. 1-4, 1911
Creator: U.S. Navy. Bureau of Medicine and Surgery
Publisher:
Sponsor:
Contributor:
Date: 1911
Language: eng
Vol. 5, No. 1<br /><br />Preface... ... . ..... . . .. ......... .. ... .... . ... . .. . .... .. . . ..... . .. . . . ..... . v<br />Special articles ............. . ....... . . . .. . ............... . ............1<br />Diphtheria prophylaxis in the Navy. by C. S. Butler. .... . .. .. . ...1<br />Notes on "606," by Raymond Spear.. . .... .. . ... .. .. . ... ..... . ........ . . 4<br />Recent diagnostic methods in otology applicable to the naval service, by<br />G. B. Trible.... . . .. .... ...... . . .......... .. .. . .. 6<br />Bier's method of treatment in acute gonorrheal arthritis, by H.F. Strine. 12<br />Problems of sanitation in landing and expeditionary service in tropical and<br />subtropical regions, translation by P. J. Waldner.. .. . . .. . . . . . . . .. . .. .. 13<br />The mental examination of candidates for enlistment in the Navy and<br />Marine Corps, by Heber Butts.. . ......... . . . .............. . .... . . . .... 29<br />The recent outbreak of cholera in Italy, by C. J. Holeman.. ..... .. . .. . . . 38<br /><br />United States Naval Medical School Laboratories... ... ... .. ... .. .......... . . 41<br />The United States National Museum in its relation to other Government<br />scientific collections, by P. E . Garrison .... . . . .. . .. . ..... . ..... .,..... 41<br />Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, June-August, 1910....... . ... . .... ... . . ........ . .... . 43<br />Recent additions to the pathological collection, United States Naval Medical School. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 43<br /><br />Suggested devices............ . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . ..... . . . .. . ... . . . ..... . . . .. . 46<br />A sanitary garbage-can holder, by H. C. Kellers. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 46<br />The blanket splint, by F. X. Koltes..... ..... ... . . .. . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45<br /><br />Clinical notes.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47<br />Reports of four transfusions by the vein-to-vein method with curved glass<br />tubes, by A. M. Fauntleroy.. . . . . . . . .. . ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47<br />Bilateral inguino-superficial hernia with bilateral undescended testicle,<br />by H. C. Curl...... . ..... . .. . ... . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51<br />Larvae in the deep urethra and bladder, by H. F. Strine..... ... .. . . .. ... 51<br />An extensive razor wound of throat, by W. G. Farwell. ...... . ....... ..... 62<br />Report of two cases of heat cramps on U. S. S. Charleston, by H. A. May... 53<br />Fatigue and exhaustion in the fireroom, by F. G. Abeken .... ... . ... .. . . 67<br />A case of diabetes mellitus, by J.B. Dennis and A. C. Stanley . ........... 58<br />Sciatica incident to physical test (50-mile walk), by J. A. B. Sinclair..... 58<br />Poisoning resulting from the injection of bismuth paste, by C. B. Camerer... 59<br /><br />Current comment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61<br />The medical library on the U. S. S. Solace... . ..... .. ......... .... . ... .. 61<br />Dioxydiamidoarsenobenzol in the treatment of syphilis. .. . .. . .. . . . . . . ... 61<br />New blank forms and instructions pertaining thereto.. . .. .... . ... . . ..... 63<br />A case of yellow fever reaches Honolulu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65<br /><br />Progress in medical sciences. . ....... ... . .. . . . .. . . . ... . . .. . .... . ... .. ... . .. 67<br />General medicine. . .. .. ... . . .. . .... .. ... .. . .. . . .. . .. ..... .. . .. ........ 67<br />A modern conception of the psychoneuroses; status thymolymphaticus and its relation to sudden death; the Cammidge test in experimental pancreatitis and other conditions; hiccough in course of diaphragmatic pleurisy treated by Laborde's method ; fatigue the cause of enuresis; pellagra, some clinical and other features of the disease; is mercury a specific in pulmonary tuberculosis; a case of an acute febrile and probably infectious disease of unknown origin; further remarks on duodenal alimentation ; pemphigoid eruptions in typhoid<br />fever, A. W. Dunbar and J . L. Neilson . .. . .... . ... . . . .. . ... . . . .. 67<br />Surgery - The special field of neurological surgery, five years later; hypodermic injections in action, suggestions for simplifying their administration; the result of 168 operations for hernia; modern treatment of<br />fractures; report of two cases of revolver shot wound of the brain; haemophilia; the exclusion of the skin in surgery; removal of foreign bodies<br />from the bronchi; some notes on the use of nitrous oxid and oxygen for<br />prolonged anesthesia; the end results of prostatectomy, R. Spear and<br />E. Thompson ... . . . .. .. . .. . .... . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76<br />Hygiene and sanitation - Ventilation of ships, particularly merchant ships;<br />oral prophylaxis; recruiting in the German army; concerning the sources<br />of infection in cases of venereal diseases in the city of New York; the<br />effect of a mosquito net on the air within it, H. G. Beyer and C. N.<br />Fiske. .. . . .. ... . .. . .. . . .. . ... . . . . . .. . .. . . . ... . .... .. ... .... .. .. ..... 87<br />Tropical medicine - The rationale of quinine prophylaxis; a case of sleeping<br />sickness studied by precise enumerative methods; statistical study of<br />uncinariasis among white men in the Philippines, C. S. Butler.. . .. .. . .. 95<br />Pathology and bacteriology - A case of typhoid meningitis; complement fixation in thrombo-angiitie obliterans; personal observations on the Ehrlich-Hata "606;" certain aspects of the bacteriology of bacillary dysentery; a rapid presumptive test for diarrhea caused by the gas bacillus; investigation into the acid-fast bacteria found in the faeces with special reference to their presence in cases of tuberculosis; on the nature of the cellular elements presence in milk; infection of a still-born infant by an amoebiform protozoan (entamooba mortinatalium), O. J . Mink.. . . ..... . 99<br />Medical zoology - Ulcerating granuloma of the pudenda a protozoal disease<br />(preliminary communication); report of 15 cases of hymenolepis nana,<br />P. E. Garrison ... .... ... . ... ... .... .. ... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. 102<br />Chemistry and pharmacy - Studies in OEdema. VI. The influence of adrenaline on absorption from the peritoneal cavity, with some remarks<br />on the influence of calcium chloride on absorption ; the action of mercury<br />and iodine in experimental syphilis; a protein reaction in the blood of the insane; chemistry of the antigen used in the Wassermann reaction; a lack of oxygen not a cause of death in cases of diminished air pressure; influence of mercury on the results of the serum reaction in antisyphilitic treatment; quantitative determination of albumin in the urine;<br />E.W. Brown and O. G. Ruge ............. . ............ ... ..... 104<br />Eye, ear, nose, and throat - The use of carbon dioxide snow in eye work;<br />preliminary communication of a new method for the prevention and treatment<br />of sympathetic ophthalmitis, E. M. Shipp......... .. . .. ... ... .. . 106 <br />Reports and letters .. . . . ...... . .... . .... . ... . . ... . ... . .. . . . .. . . 109<br />A visit to the Leper Settlement, Molokai, Hawaii, J. D. Gatewood .... ... . 109<br />Report on the meeting of the American Public Health Association, 1910,<br />C. N. Fiske. . ... ......... .. .. . .. . . . ... . . . ...... . . . .... .. . . ..... ... . . . 114<br />Report on the meeting of the American Hospital Association, 1910, A. W.<br />Dunbar.. . .. .. .... . ... . ... .. . .. .. .. . . . .... ... ... ... .. .. .. ... . ....... 117<br />The latest word from Ehrlich........ . .............................. . .. 122<br /><br />Vol. 5, No. 2<br /><br />Preface... ... .. ... .. ........ ... .................. .... ..... .............. vii<br />Special articles.....................125<br />The intravenous administration of "606" in 56 case, by G. B. Trible and<br />H. A. Garrison ...................... 125<br />Ehrlich discusses "606," translation, by Dr. J.C. Bierwirth. . ...... . . . ... 134<br />Satisfactory results with a simplified Wassermann technique (Emery), by<br />E. R. Stitt. ..................... 142<br />Further notes on the preparation of a culture medium from dried blood<br />serum, by E. W. Brown... . . .. .... . . .. . .. .... . . ... ........ .. .. . .... 144<br />Note on the existence of Agchylostoma duodenale in Guam, by W. M. Kerr. .....................145<br />Intestinal parasites found among the crew of the U.S.S. South Dakota, by<br />E.G. Parker. .... . ..... .. . ..... .. . ..... ...... . .... ... . . ... .. ...... . 145<br />Results of an examination of Filipino mess attendants for intestinal parasites,<br />by W. A. Angwin and C. E. Camerer ..................... 147<br />The practical use of carbon dioxide snow as seen at the West London Hospital, by G. D. Hale. .. .... . .. . . . .. ... . . . .......... . .......... . ..... . 148<br />Nomenclature for causes of physical disability in the Navy, by 0. N.<br />Fiske.. . .. . .......................... . .. .. . .... .. . . .. ...... .. .. .. . 149<br /><br />United States Naval Medical School laboratories . . . . . . ..................... 159<br />An atypical typhoid bacillus, by O. J. Mink.. .. . .. ........ .. ........... 159<br />Notes on parasites found at animal autopsies in the Naval Medical School<br />laboratories during 1910, by C. S. Butler and P. E. Garrison.. . .. . ...... 159<br />Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, December, 1910-February, 1911 . .. ... . . 161<br />Additions to the pathological collection, United States Naval Medical<br />School, December, 1910-February, 1911 . .... .162<br /><br />Suggested devices ...... . . . ... ... .. . . . . . . 163<br />An intestine tray for autopsies, by P. E. Garrison. . . .... .... .. .. .. .. .. ... 163<br />A suggested improvement in the method of taking finger prints, by F. H.<br />Brooks . .... .. .. .. . .. .. . .. .. ... . .... .. .. .. .. . . .. .... . . .. .. . ..... . .. 164<br /><br />Clinical notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167<br />A case of cholecystectomy, by R. Spear. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 167<br />A case of fracture of the skull, by W. M. Garton. . . ... ... . ... . ........ . .. 168<br />Hypernephroma of right kidney, nephrectomy with recovery, by A. M.<br />Fauntleroy... ... .. ... .. ..... .... . .. . . ..... ..... . .... . ............. . 169<br />A case of general chronic perihepatitis, by E. R. Stitt .. . . . . . .. ...... . ... 171<br />Bacillary dysentery showing extreme toxaemia, by E. R. Stitt........ .. .. 173<br />Report on 10 cases of syphilis treated with "606," by U. R. Webb....... 173<br />A suspected case of gangosa, by O. J. Mink.. . . .. . ...... . .... .. . . . .... .... 178<br />Lamblia intestinalis and ascaris lumbricoides associated with amoebic dysentery by G. B. Trible . . . . . ... ....... . . . . .. . .. .. ... . .... . ........ . . . . . . 178<br />A case of pernicious anemia showing points of resemblance to kala azar,<br />by E. R. Stitt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180<br />A case of amoebic dysentery with liver abscess by E. R. Stitt. . .. .. ... ... 180<br />A case of intussusception, by E. R. Stitt..... . . .. . . . . . .. ......... .. . .. . . . 181<br />Report of two unusual fracture cases, by J. B. Dennis and A. C. Stanley... 181<br />Associated tuberculosis and syphilis, by O. J. Mink and E. H. H. Old...... 182<br />An undesirable recruit, by Heber Butts............................ . . . . . 183<br />Report of six cases of appendicitis aboard the U.S. S. Tennessee, by M. K.<br />Johnson and W. L. Mann...... ... .......................... .. ........ 190<br /><br />Current comment... .. .................................................... 193<br />Notification of venereal diseases.............. . .......................... 193<br />The use of salvarsan in filarial disease.. ...................... . .......... 194<br />Howard Taylor Ricketts...................................... . ........ 195<br />Typhoid vaccination. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195<br />Further notes on the new blank forms..................................... 196<br />The bacteriology of acute poliomyelitis............. . .... .. .. ...... ..... 197<br />Hospital facilities at Montevideo.... .... . .............................. 197<br />A correction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197<br />A course of instructive lectures . ......................................... 197<br />Physical culture......... ... . . ........... .. .......................... . . 198<br /><br />Progress in medical sciences...... . ................. . ..... . ............. . .. 199<br />General medicine - Haemoglobinuric fever on the Canal Zone; malingering; on the presence of a venous hum in the epigastrium in cirrhosis of the liver; the use of the X-ray in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis; mercury succinimid in the treatment of tuberculosis; high blood pressure in arteriosclerosis; the treatment and prognosis of exophthalmic goitre; some clinical methods of diagnosis of the functional activity of the heart; further notes on the treatment of paralysis agitans with parathyroid gland; on fever caused by the bite of the sand fly (Phlebotomus papatasii); Myzomyia roasii as a malaria carrier; a modified Caldwell kitchen incinerator for field use, by A. W. Dunbar and J. L. Xeilson....... 199<br />Surgery - The cause of death from shock by commercial electric currents<br />and the treatment of same; the best method of exposing the interior of the bladder in suprapubic operations; "606 "; a consideration of surgical methods of treating hyperthyroidism; genito-urinary diseases; radium therapy; the intravenous use of cocaine, report of a case; diseases of the stomach and duodenum from a surgical standpoint; dry iodine catgut; disinfection of the skin by tincture of iodine; the Roentgen-ray examination of the esophagus; solitary perforation of the ileum associated with strangulated and obstructed hernia; the time and method for prostatectomy; a practical mechanical method of end-to-end anastomosis of blood vessels; by R. Spear and E. \V . Thompson................... 213<br />Hygiene and sanitation - Sterilization of water on a large scale by means<br />of ultra-violet rays; nota sulla carne refrigerata e sui refrigeranti dei piroscafi; the American game of football, is it a factor for good or for evil? the hygiene of the simming pool ; "cordite eating"; the process of disinfection by chemical agencies and hot water; eggs, a study of eggs offered for sale as pure food; by H. G. Beyer and C. N. Fiske. ..... .. 226<br />Tropical medicine - Upon a new pathognomonic sign of malaria; a simple<br />method for the treatment of cholera; traitement de la trypanosomiase<br />humaine, by C. S. Butler. . .... .. ....... ... .. ...... . . . . ..... .. . ....... 237<br />Pathology and bacteriology - A method for the bacteriological standardization of disinfectants; microorganism found in the blood of acute cases of poliomyelitis; experimental rssearches upon typhus exanthematicus<br />done at the Pasteur Institute of Tunis during the year l910; bacteriology of human bile with especial reference to the typhoid carrier problem; the control of typhoid in the army by vaccination; experiments on transmission of bacteria by flies with special relation to an epidemic of bacillary dysentery at the Worcester State Hospital, Massachusetts, 1910; experiences in the use of vaccines in chronic suppuration of the nasal access0ry sinuses; histological study of skin lesions of pellagra; a resume of the evidence concerning the diagnostic and clinical value of the Wassermann reaction; experimentelle Beitrage zum Studium des Mechanismus der Immunkorper und Komplementwirkung; by O. J . Mink.............. 240<br />Chemistry and pharmacy.-The preparation of thyroid extract for therapeutic<br />purposes; the action of urinary antiseptics; wird eingenommenes<br />Chinin mit der Muttermilch ausgeschieden? Uebergang von Arzenmitteln<br />in die Milch; the quantitative estimation of albumin in the urine, by Tsuchiya's procss; the quantitative determination of albumin according to Tsuchiya; on the stability of the solutions prepared for Bang's method of estimating sugar in the urine, by E. M. Brown and O. G. Ruge.. . .......... 251<br />Eye, ear, nose, and throat - Tests for color-vision ; a note on the use of scarlet red in corneal diseases; report on progress in otology; ear disease and its prevention; the prevalence of middle ear disease in the [British] army, with a suggestion for a remedy; peritonsillar abscess; by E. M. Shipp. . ........ . . 266<br /><br />Reports and letters ............ 267<br />The surgical aspect of the engagement of La Ceiba, Honduras, by L. W.<br />Bishop and W. L. Irvine.......... . ......... . .. . ... . ....... . . . ...... 267<br />Extract from sanitary report of U.S.S. New Orleans, for the year 1901, by<br />W. F. Arnold... .. .. .. ....... ... . . . ... . . ... ..... . . ... . . . .. .. . . ....... 269<br /><br />Vol. 5, No. 3<br /><br />Preface...... ........... ................... .... ...... .... .. .... ...... .. ... v<br />Special articles: ·<br />Tropical diseases in their relation to the eye, by E. M. Shipp.... .... . . . . 271<br />Intravenous administration of salvarsan, by G. B. Trible and H. A.<br />Garrison. ... . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285<br />The mental examination of 50 recruits who became insane soon after enlistment, by Heber Butts........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295<br />Diagnosis and treatment of hernia in the Navy, by B. F. Jenness.... .. ... 313<br /><br />United States Medical School laboratories:<br />Davainea madagascariensis in the Philippine Islands, by P. E. Garrison. . 321<br />The interpretation of negative and weakly positive reactions in Noguchi's<br />complement fixation test, by M. E. Higgins... . .. . . . ....... . ......... 327<br />Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, March-May, 1911........ . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 328<br />Specimens added to the pathological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, March-May, 1911. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328<br /><br />Suggested devices:<br />An improvised X-ray apparatus, by H. A. Harris. . . . ..... . .. .. . .. . . . . . . 331<br />Fracture of mandible with improved method of adjustment, by W. A.<br />Angwin .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332<br /><br />Clinical notes:<br />Gunshot wound of elbow, by Raymond Spear..... .. .. . .... . . . ... . . . ... . 335<br />Clinical symptoms appearing immediately after antityphoid inoculation,<br />by J. R. Phelps and G. F. Clark. . .. .... . .. ..... . . ... . . ... .. . .. . . . . . .. 336<br />Posterior gastro-enteroetomy three years after anterior gastro-enteroetomy,<br />by A. M. Fauntleroy... . .. ... .. ... . . ... . .. . . .. ... ... ... .. ..... . .. . . . 338<br />Pontine hemorrhage resulting from a blow in boxing, by H. C. Curl.. . . . . 340<br />Fracture of the zygoma, by R. B. Williams... ... .. . . ............ ....... 341<br />Death from unruptured thoracic aneurism, by E. P. Huff... . . .... . .. ... 342<br />A plastic pernicious anemia associated with agchyloetomiaeis, by E. R. Stitt. 345<br />Balantidium coli infection associated with amoebic dysentery, by G. B.<br />Trible..... . ..... ... . ... . . . ... . . . ....... . ........ . ..... .. . 346<br />Return of syphilitic symptoms after administration of salvarsan, by C. F.<br />Sterne. . ....... . .. . . . . .. . . ... . ..... . .... . ........ . .... . . . . .... . ... . . . 348<br />A case of syphilis which poeeibly demonstrates the efficacy of prophylaxis<br />against venereal diseases, by E. H. H. Old ... . . . . .. ..... 349<br />Cerebral syphilis in a native of Guam, by W. M. Kerr.. ... . . ... ... ..... 350<br />A case of autoserotherapy, by E. O. J. Eytinge and L. W. McGuire. ...... 351<br />Haemoglobinuric fever, by D. G. Sutton. . . . ...... . .. . .. .. . .... .. . .... .. 352<br />Shock caused by lightning stroke, by W. S. Hoen .... . .. . . ............ . . 353<br />An unusual cause of burn, by F. M. Munson.......... .. . . .. . ..... . .. .. 354<br />Traumatic extrusion of testicle, by J . A. B. Sinclair. . . .. . . . . ....... . ... 355<br /><br />Current comment: <br />Criticisms and suggestions relative to the health records . .. .. . . . · 357<br />Distinguished honors conferred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358<br />The closing exercises of the Naval Medical School... . ...... . .... . ... . . . 358<br /><br />Progress in medical sciences:<br />General medicine - Plague in Manchuria and its lessons; the treatment of<br />arthritis deformans; hereditary haemophilia, deficiency in the coagulability<br />of the blood the only immediate cause of the condition; discussion of acidosis, by A. W. Dunbar and J . L. Neilson .. ........ .. ... .. . . .... 361<br />Surgery - Laceration of the axillary portion of the shoulder joint as a factor in the etiology of traumatic combined paralysis of the upper extremity; tuberculosis of the kidney and ureter; injuries to the kidneys with end results; fracture of the patella; acute emergencies of abdominal disease; intestinal obstruction due to kinks and adhesions of the terminal ileum; the functions of the great omentum; treatment of peritonitis consecutive to appendicitis; treatment of ascites by drainage into the subcutaneous tissue of the abdomen; special dangers associated with operations on the biliary passages and their avoidance; a simple method for the relief of certain forms of odynphagia; by Raymond Spear and Edgar Thompson....... ...... . . ... . ... ... ... .. 365<br />Hygiene and sanitation - Food requirements for sustenance and work; carbo-gasoline method for the disinfection of books; typhoid fever and mussel pollution; the duty of the community toward ita consumptives; some aspects of tropical sanitation; table jellies; the significance of the bacillus carrier in the spread of Asiatic cholera; the value of vaccination and revaccination; prophylaxie de la syphilis; the value of terminal disinfection; a method for determining the germicidal value and penetrating power of liquid disinfectants; by H. G. Beyer and C. N. Fiske........... 377<br />Tropical medicine - Further researches on the hyphomycetes of tinea imbricata; the action of'' 606" in sleeping sickness; the action of salvarsan in malaria; the application of "606" to the treatment of kala-azar; the specific treatment of leprosy; the role of the infective granule in certain protozoa! infections as illustrated by the spirochaetosis of Sudanese fowls, preliminary note; by C. S. Butler. . .... . . . ..... . .. .. .. . . . . ... . ... .... 389<br />Pathology and bacteriology - Ehrlich's biochemical theory and its conception<br />and application; researches on experimental typhoid fever; a record of 90 diphtheria carriers; the serum diagnosis of syphilis; by M. E. Higgins. . . . 392<br />Medical zoology - Note on the presence of a lateral spine in the eggs of<br />Schistosoma japonicum; onchocerciasis in cattle with special reference<br />to the structure and bionomic characters of the parasite; by P. E.<br />Garrison .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397<br />Chemistry and pharmacy - The preparation of a convenient and stable litmus solution; a method to demonstrate and estimate the digestive fermenta in the feces; a simple method for the estimation of ammonia in the urine of diabetics for the recognition of acidosis; new process for sterilizing water by potassium permanganate; the colorimetric estimation of dextrose in urine; a new method for the estimation of sugar in the urine; by E.W. Brown and O. G. Ruge . .. . .. ... . . . ..... ... . . 398<br />Eye, ear, nose, and throat - Examination of the nose and throat in relation<br />to general diagnosis, results in asthma; the nonsurgical treatment of<br />cataract; by E. M. Shipp..... . . . .. . .. .. .. . .... .. ... . 400<br /><br />Reports and letters:<br />Plague conditions in North China, by W. D. Owens.......... .. .. ... ... 405<br /><br />Vol. 5, No. 4<br /><br />Preface ... .. . . . ............... . ...... ... ........................ .. ........ v<br /><br />Special articles:<br />The tenth convention of the second Hague conference of 1907, and its <br />relation to the evacuation of the wounded in naval warfare, by F. L.<br />Pleadwell (first paper) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409<br />Is gangoea a form of syphilis? by H. E. Odell....... .. ... . ............. 430<br />Salvarsan as a diagnostic and therapeutic agent in syphilis, by C. M.<br />George.... .. ............ ...... . . .. .... . . . .... . .. . 485<br />Flat foot and its relation to the Navy, by R. G. Heiner.. . ............... 451<br />Notes on submarine cruising, by I. F. Cohn............................ 455<br />Important features in the technique of carbon dioxide estimations in air,<br />by E. W. Brown... . ................. . .. . . . ... . ...... . ...... . ..... . . 457<br />The use of salvarsan on board the U.S.S. Michigan, by J . J. Snyder and<br />A. L. Clifton............. . . .. . . .............. . .................... . .. 459<br />Notes on vaccination, by A. B. Clifford... .. ........................... 461<br />The preparation of patient.e for operation at the United States Naval Hospital,<br />Norfolk, Va., by W. M. Garton.. . ..... .... .. .. ... . . . ...... ..... 462<br /><br />United States Naval Medical School laboratories:<br />Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, June-Aug., 1911 ........ . ... .......... . .. . .. 465<br />Specimens added to the pathological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, June-Aug., 1911.................... . .... . .. .. . ... . .. 465<br /><br />Suggested devices:<br />An apparatus for hoisting patients aboard the hospital ship Solace, by<br />E. M. Blackwell... . ............ . . . ................................ . . 467<br />An inexpensive and satisfactory ethyl chloride inhaler for general<br />anaesthesia, by J. H. Barton .. . . ... .. .. .. . . .. .. . .. .... ...... 469<br /><br />Clinical notes:<br />Old "irreducible" dislocation of head of humerus, by H. C. Curl. . . . ... . 471<br />A case of brain tumor, by R. E. Hoyt.. .. .... .... . ...... . . .... . .. ........ 472<br />A case of brain abscess, by J. R. Phelps and G. F. Clark.. .. . .. . . . . . . .. . . 474<br />Report of two cases of cerebrospinal fever, by R. A. Bachmann.. . . . .... 477<br />A case of leprosy on board the U.S.S. Villalobos, by D. H. Noble....... 479<br />A case resembling gangosa, in which a treponema was found, by P. S.<br />Rossiter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481<br />A case extensively burned, by N. T. McLean.. ... .... .. . . .. . .. ... ... . . . 481<br />Acute pemphigus following vaccination, by R. Hayden.... ... . .... ..... . . 482<br />Two interesting cases on the U.S.S. Prairie, by C. C. Grieve . .. . . . .... . . 486<br />An atypical case of typhoid fever, by L. W. Johnson... . ... . .. . .... . .. . .. 488<br />Tolerance of the peritoneum rarely seen, by P. R. Stalnaker and G. W.<br />Shepard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 489<br />Note on tincture of iodine, by R. Spear...... . . . . . ... . ... .... . .. . .. ..... 490<br />Notes on salvarsan, by R. Spear..... . ...... . .............. . ..... . . ..... 491<br /><br /><br />Current comment :<br />Instructions relative to medical returns ... ....... . ..... . ............... .493<br />Clinical cards .. ........... ... . . .. .. ... . .... . . . . . .. . ... . .. . ......... . . .494<br />Measles in Samoa . ................ .. . ... . . . . ... . ....................... .495<br />The conservation of the public health ........ . .................... .496<br />Closure of the naval stations at San Juan and Culebra ....... .. .. . . . ..... 498<br />New pavilion for the practice of thoracic surgery ........ . ..... ...... 498<br />The Bellevue Hospital nomenclature of diseases and conditions, 1911 .... .498<br /><br />Progress in medical sciences:<br />General medicine - Pathological and experimental data derived from a<br />further study of an acute infectious disease of unknown origin; the mode<br />of transmission of leprosy; genesis of incipient tuberculisus; a method<br />for determining the absolute pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid; the after<br />history of cases of albuminuria occurring in adolescence; the stereoscopic<br />X-ray examination of the chest with special reference to the diagnosis of<br />pulmonary tuberculosis; the use of antiformin in the examination for the<br />tubercle bacillus; by A. W. Dunbar and J. L. Neilson ............. . . . 501<br />Surgery - The control of bleeding in operations for brain tumors; intravenous<br />anesthesia from hedonal; the difficulties and limitations of diagnosis in advanced cases of renal tuberculosis; the treatment of X-ray ulcer; nephroureterectomy; by Raymond Spear and Edgar Thompson .. 511<br />Hygiene and Sanitation - A simple method of purifying almost any infected<br />water for drinking purposes; the physiology of the march; wall paper and illumination; vaccination et serotherapie anticholeriques; upon the<br />inoculation of materia morbi through the human skin by fleabites; garbage receptacles; the relative influence of the heat and chemical impurity of close air; method for measuring the degree of vitiation of the air of inclosed spaces; by H. G. Beyer and C.N. Fiske . .. . .. ..... . 518<br />Tropical medicine - The diagnosis of pellagra; researches upon acarids <br />among lepers; action of "606" upon malaria; by C. S. Butler ......... . 523<br />Pathology and bacteriology - An outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by<br />B. paratyphosus; infection of rabbits with the virus of poliomyelitis; the<br />mechanism of the formation of metastases in malignant tumors; a method<br />for the pure cultivation of pathogenic treponema pallidum; by Y. E .<br />Higgins .. .... .. .. . ..................... .. ..... . ............. . ...... . 528<br />Medical zoology - On Kwan's fluke and the presence of spines in<br />fasciolopsis; endemic Mediterranean fever (Malta fever) in southwest<br />Tcxas; by P. E. Garrison . ..... . .......... .. . . .... . .... . ........... . . . 532<br />Chemistry and pharmacy - Detection of blood by means of leuco-malachitegreen; an improved form of Heller's ring test for detection of albumin in the urine; an important reagent for Fehling's method for sugar estimation; method for the estimation of urotropin in the urine; detection of amylolytic ferments in the feces; new technique for the estimation of total nitrogen, ammonia, and urea in the urine; chemotherapy and "606" by E. W. Brown and O. G. Ruge ............... 533<br />Eye, ear, nose, and throat - Defective vision and its bearing on the question<br />of fitness for service; "606 ' ' and eye diseases; by E. M. Shipp ... .. .. .538<br /><br />Reports and letters:<br />American Medical Association meeting, by C. P. Bfagg .. .. .... . .....550<br />Sanitary report on Kiukiang, Kiangse Province, China, by D. H. Noble ...550<br />Index to volume V ...............559<br />Subject index .......... . ........ . ....................... 559<br />Author's index . . . ........ . ..... . ......... . ......... . 570<br /><br /><br />
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Note: The colors, contrast and appearance of these illustrations are unlikely to be true to life. They are derived from scanned images that have been enhanced for machine interpretation and have been altered from their originals.
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West Yellowstone Gray Wolves Montana Winter Wolfpack Sony A1 ILCE-1 Fine Art Wolf Apex Predator Photography! Sony Alpha 1 Canis Lupus & Sony FE Telephoto Zoom 70-200mm f/2.8 GM OSS E-Mount Lens SEL70200G West Yellowstone Snow! Elliot McGucken Fine Art Wildlife Alpha1
I had great fun photographing wolves, bears, and eagles with the awesome Sony Alpha 1 and two of my favorite Sony Gmaster lenses -- the 70-200mm f/2.8 GM OSS E-Mount Lens SEL70200G and the Sony Alpha 1 & Sony FE 200-600mm f/5.6-6.3 G OSS E-Mount Lens SEL200600G ! The Sony A1 is the best wildlife I have ever used!
All my photography celebrates the physics of light! The McGucken Principle of the fourth expanding dimension: The fourth dimension is expanding at the rate of c relative to the three spatial dimensions: dx4/dt=ic .
Lao Tzu--The Tao: Nature does not hurry, yet everything is accomplished.
Light Time Dimension Theory: The Foundational Physics Unifying Einstein's Relativity and Quantum Mechanics: A Simple, Illustrated Introduction to the Unifying Physical Reality of the Fourth Expanding Dimensionsion dx4/dt=ic !: geni.us/Fa1Q
"Between every two pine trees there is a door leading to a new way of life." --John Muir
Epic Stoicism guides my fine art odyssey and photography: geni.us/epicstoicism
“The clearest way into the Universe is through a forest wilderness.” --John Muir
Epic Poetry inspires all my photography: geni.us/9K0Ki Epic Poetry for Epic Landscape Photography: Exalt Fine Art Nature Photography with the Poetic Wisdom of John Muir, Emerson, Thoreau, Homer's Iliad, Milton's Paradise Lost & Dante's Inferno Odyssey
“The mountains are calling and I must go.” --John Muir
Epic Art & 45EPIC Gear exalting golden ratio designs for your Hero's Odyssey:
Support epic fine art! 45surf ! Bitcoin: 1FMBZJeeHVMu35uegrYUfEkHfPj5pe9WNz
Exalt the goddess archetype in the fine art of photography! My Epic Book: Photographing Women Models!
Portrait, Swimsuit, Lingerie, Boudoir, Fine Art, & Fashion Photography Exalting the Venus Goddess Archetype: How to Shoot Epic ... Epic! Beautiful Surf Fine Art Portrait Swimsuit Bikini Models!
Some of my epic books, prints, & more!
Exalt your photography with Golden Ratio Compositions!
Golden Ratio Compositions & Secret Sacred Geometry for Photography, Fine Art, & Landscape Photographers: How to Exalt Art with Leonardo da Vinci's, Michelangelo's!
Epic Landscape Photography:
A Simple Guide to the Principles of Fine Art Nature Photography: Master Composition, Lenses, Camera Settings, Aperture, ISO, ... Hero's Odyssey Mythology Photography)
All art is but imitation of nature.-- Seneca (Letters from a Stoic - Letter LXV: On the First Cause)
The universe itself is God and the universal outpouring of its soul. --Chrysippus (Quoted by Cicero in De Natura Deorum)
Photographs available as epic fine art luxury prints. For prints and licensing information, please send me a flickr mail or contact drelliot@gmail.com with your queries! All the best on your Epic Hero's Odyssey!
I've been tagged by Janet www.flickr.com/photos/10389614@N07/3816845751/ and I'm finally getting to it on a three day weekend.
It's an interesting task to itemize yourself like this - I tended to want to qualify everything - but here I am - unqualified. : )
1. When I was in my teens and twenties, music was like food and drink to me - as necessary and constant - but in my thirties, when I had kids, all I craved was silence - so vast swaths of 80s and 90s popular music are unknown to me.
2. I'm an atheist and comfortable with that. I try not to be self-righteous.
3. I value kindness and generous hearted, good humored people. Life's too short to be a mean spirited jerk.
4. I'm a librarian and love to read. (Duh) Here are some books I've loved:
The Things They Carried by Tim O' Brien
High Fidelity by Nick Hornby
Song of Solomon by Toni Morrison
Infinite Jest by David Foster Wallace
Dave Barry's Book of Bad Songs
Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen
Remains of the Day by Kazuo Ishiguro
Saturday by Ian McEwan
Stormy Weather by Paulette Jiles
Lullabies for Little Criminals by Heather O'Neil
The Shock Doctrine by Naomi Klein
Let The Great World Spin by Column McCann
Cloud Atlas by David Mitchell
5. I was featured in a medical textbook when I was 14. It wasn't for my high IQ :)
6. I've been a vegetarian since my 20s but sometimes wonder if that's self indulgent in a world with so much human misery.
7. I love to laugh. That sounds fatuous but I REALLY love to laugh the kind of laugh when you're falling all over someone to keep yourself from falling down, your stomach muscles hurt, you're trying not to pee your pants or snort through your nose and you feel like you've run a marathon when you're finally done. Except you keep thinking about what set you off and start laughing again. I love that.
8. These were some of my life goals when I was in my 20s. I guess I wasn't enormously ambitious!
1. Travel
2. Have a girl before I was 30
3. Work with kids
4. Marry a man with curly hair who cooked
5. Move to Vermont or California
6. Live abroad
AND .........................here's the breakdown
1. Yes, until my mid twenties but a lot less than I wanted.
2. Nope - 4 boys - all different all wonderful
3. Yes, I taught for years.
4. Yep, no more curly hair but he's still cooking!
5. Vermont
6. Yep, lived in Ireland
9. I don't get - I mean I REALLY don't get couples who vote different parties. It's like - how could you live with someone with a totally different world view???? I know that people do and successfully and I'm not meaning to sound intolerant - I just don't understand how it works.
10. I was involved with a very radical educational philosophy for years (Sudbury Valley Model) I still think it's the only educational model worthy of the label "paradigm shift."
11. What the hell. I'll do an extra one. I'm Left Left Left all the way but the left can still drive me crazy. I'm also (this should be 12 probably) part of a weekly peace vigil that meets every Friday and has done since before the invasion of Iraq. War is not the answer.