theirhistory
Position for thigh X-Ray - Harpenden NCH Growth Tests
Calf, thigh and upper arm for the distinction of bone, muscle and fat growth.
For these last three the anode is placed 2-5 m away from the film to minimize magnification and the less easily correctable error which occurs if the maximum diameter of the limb is not at exact right angles to the central beam.
The central plane of the limb is placed a fixed distance away from the film (10 cm for calf and thigh; 5 cm for arm) so that the magnification stays constant instead of increasing as the child grows larger, as it would if the limb were every time in contact with the casette.
The way this is done and the positions used for calf (antero-posterior), thigh (lateral) and upper arm (lateral), with the resulting X-ray.
The best tissue differentiation is obtained by keeping the kV low, about fifty in a 6-year-old rising to sixty in a 16-year-old, with a mAs of twenty for arm and calf and thirty for thigh, using par-speed screens. The accuracy of these techniques, as used routinely by the usual radiographers.
Chest films are taken routinely for clinical purposes.
At Harpenden in the small study group, each child is examined every 3 months.
By attending once every month the center where the children live, the research team makes sure of measuring each child within 15 days of his birthday, half-birthday or quarter- birthday.
X-rays
Left hand and wrist for skeletal age.
Jaws to show tooth eruption and root development.
Skull for orthodontic purposes.
Calf, thigh and upper arm for the distinction of bone, muscle and fat growth.
It should be noted that these photographs were taken for demonstration of body positions.
The child would normally be without clothes except for plastic pants (boys) or aprons (girls).
The gonads are protected throughout by special leaded material in the waterproof pants. The dose of X-rays reaching the gonads is too small to be measurable under these conditions.
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Another result of the calf and knee X-ray noted in my file.
24.06.66 Note to Sister Ann (Hospital) from Governor of Harpenden NCH.
I have had a phone call from the Medical Officer for Highfield.
Philip has a gun pellet above the inside of his left knee; this was revealed in a recent X-ray.
---
Gun pellet removed in December 1966.
At the National Children's Home during my stay, I was one of the children that was part of the growth study tests that were made over several years on children that were living at the Home.
The Child Growth Tests were done by J. M. Tanner & R. H. Whitehouse at The National Children's Home at Harpenden Herts for the Institute of Child Health, and funded by the Ministry of Health.
Position for thigh X-Ray - Harpenden NCH Growth Tests
Calf, thigh and upper arm for the distinction of bone, muscle and fat growth.
For these last three the anode is placed 2-5 m away from the film to minimize magnification and the less easily correctable error which occurs if the maximum diameter of the limb is not at exact right angles to the central beam.
The central plane of the limb is placed a fixed distance away from the film (10 cm for calf and thigh; 5 cm for arm) so that the magnification stays constant instead of increasing as the child grows larger, as it would if the limb were every time in contact with the casette.
The way this is done and the positions used for calf (antero-posterior), thigh (lateral) and upper arm (lateral), with the resulting X-ray.
The best tissue differentiation is obtained by keeping the kV low, about fifty in a 6-year-old rising to sixty in a 16-year-old, with a mAs of twenty for arm and calf and thirty for thigh, using par-speed screens. The accuracy of these techniques, as used routinely by the usual radiographers.
Chest films are taken routinely for clinical purposes.
At Harpenden in the small study group, each child is examined every 3 months.
By attending once every month the center where the children live, the research team makes sure of measuring each child within 15 days of his birthday, half-birthday or quarter- birthday.
X-rays
Left hand and wrist for skeletal age.
Jaws to show tooth eruption and root development.
Skull for orthodontic purposes.
Calf, thigh and upper arm for the distinction of bone, muscle and fat growth.
It should be noted that these photographs were taken for demonstration of body positions.
The child would normally be without clothes except for plastic pants (boys) or aprons (girls).
The gonads are protected throughout by special leaded material in the waterproof pants. The dose of X-rays reaching the gonads is too small to be measurable under these conditions.
------------------------------
Another result of the calf and knee X-ray noted in my file.
24.06.66 Note to Sister Ann (Hospital) from Governor of Harpenden NCH.
I have had a phone call from the Medical Officer for Highfield.
Philip has a gun pellet above the inside of his left knee; this was revealed in a recent X-ray.
---
Gun pellet removed in December 1966.
At the National Children's Home during my stay, I was one of the children that was part of the growth study tests that were made over several years on children that were living at the Home.
The Child Growth Tests were done by J. M. Tanner & R. H. Whitehouse at The National Children's Home at Harpenden Herts for the Institute of Child Health, and funded by the Ministry of Health.